german shepherd puppies philadelphia pa

The state has a diverse landscape, plenty of outdoor activities, and dog-friendly businesses. Hike the Trails Hiking is a great way to get some exercise and enjoy the outdoors. There are many hiking trails in New Mexico that are perfect for English bulldogs. Be sure to bring plenty of water and snacks for your dog, and take breaks often. Visit a Campground Camping is another great way to enjoy the outdoors with your English bulldog. There are many campgrounds in New Mexico that allow dogs. Be sure to bring a tent, sleeping bags, food, water, and other supplies. There are many places to fish in New Mexico, both in fresh water and salt water. Be sure to get a fishing license and follow all the rules and regulations. Go Boating Boating is another great way to enjoy the outdoors with your English bulldog. There are many places to boat in New Mexico, both on rivers and lakes. Be sure to bring a life jacket for your dog and follow all the safety rules. There are many places to swim in New Mexico, both in fresh water and salt water. Be sure to supervise your dog at all times and follow all the safety rules. Visit a Dog Park Dog parks are a great place for English bulldogs to run and play off-leash. There are many dog parks in New Mexico, both in urban and rural areas. Visit Dog-Friendly Businesses New Mexico has a number of pet-friendly businesses, including restaurants, hotels, and stores. These are just a few of the many things you can do with your English bulldog in New Mexico. With its stunning scenery, endless activities, and friendly people, New Mexico is the perfect place to create lasting memories with your furry friend. How do you breed for a healthier English Bulldog? Like all things in life, breeding for health is simply a matter of priority. We are blind to many of the breed priorities that distract other breeders from improving the health of the English Bulldog. We focus on health and personality and very little else. We are not interested in winning a blue ribbon in the show ring. Rather, we test for things like elongated soft palates, narrow tracheas, stenotic nares, luxation in the patellar tendons, heart defects, cherry eye, optic cilia, entropion, ect. We focus and prioritize creating healthy bloodlines, therefore our bulldogs are typically much healthier than the breed as a whole. After breeding for health, what other priorities are you focused on? Our true desire is to create the perfect family bulldog. We also believe a bulldog bred for the correct personality is essential to the family unit as well. A Bruiser Bulldog is bred for intelligence and playfulness. We want our bulldogs to be full of personality and some quirk. We believe a full personality along with a little stubbornness is the true North star of the bulldog breed and is what makes the unique among other breeds. We look for these personality traits in our adult bulldogs and continue to create bloodlines that reflect these qualities. What are the steps of your adoption process if I am located in New Mexico? Check out our available English Bulldog Puppies page. At times, we have available puppies but almost always have a waiting list as well. A quick look at our available puppies is the starting point to begin the process. Send us an email or give us call .If approved to adopt one of our puppies you are welcome to place a deposit to hold until your puppy is ready to go home. Greetings from the Wysongs! Northern Indiana based, Bruiser Bulldogs offers purebred English Bulldog Puppies for sale to loving adopters seeking to find a higher quality English Bulldog. As English Bulldog breeders , Mitch and Erica Wysong have dedicated themselves to a lifelong journey of changing the culture and societal pressures of poor breeding practices within the English Bulldog Community. Mitch and Erica believe in producing a healthy English Bulldog puppy first and foremost. Through years of research and development, Bruiser Bulldogs is leading a new movement away from the overdone, wrinkled bulldog that has been long plagued by health problems. By embracing a healthier, more athletic look they are able to ensure that each and every English Bulldog Puppy for sale by Bruiser Bulldogs is supported by a platform of health tested, clean genetics. Upon adoption, each family that takes on the responsibility of a Bruiser Bulldog enters into an active and vibrant communal family of bulldog owners. Mitch and Erica believe it is their responsibility to provide emotional and mental support for the lifetime of each and every English Bulldog puppy they produce. To ensure the success of every adoption, Bruiser Bulldogs will always be committed to helping Bruiser Bulldog adopters care for their English Bulldogs to the best of their ability. I am familiar with common and uncommon health problems they may face so when my boyfriend and I decided we were ready to adopt our own english puppy finding a reputable breeder that prioritizes health was most important to us. Erica and Mitch of Bruiser Bulldogs are just that. They are experienced, ethical and quality breeders. I was referred to them by my friend that I trust after I saw their gorgeous healthy puppy. Our Puppy Primrose is the light of our lives! Bruisers was there to assist us every step of the way. We would highly recommend Bruisers Bulldogs to anyone looking for their own happy, healthy pup! Leah H. We were lucky to have come across Bruiser Bulldogs and even more so the fact that they were near our family and hometown made it even better. We have had Clementine Callie for four months now, and she is a wonderful dog. Her personality is amazing, and I think part of it is breeding and the other part is Erika and her family lovingly raising the puppies in their home with plenty of attention and snuggles. I also was impressed that, rather than send the puppies out right at 8 weeks, Erika kept ours for a few extra weeks because she was tiny and not read to leave her mom yet. It's that care that differentiates Bruisers from other breeders. Emily R. Erica was easy to work with thru the entire process from application to adopting and now beyond as we host our new family member, Chief. Her on-call support and willingness to provide open, honest advice to all of our questions and concerns continues to be appreciated. We would highly recommend Bruiser Bulldogs to anyone looking for an English Bulldog to join their family. Elizabeth W. Lady L. They are experienced, responsive and knowledgeable about all things bulldog related. They went above and beyond for us and are truly dedicated to all of their pups! We love our little girl so much and would recommend Bruiser to anyone looking for a healthy beautiful bully. Jonathan E. Erica and Mitch are trustworthy, excellent communicators, fair, passionate, and produce the best bulldogs. We were at the top of the waiting list for months and Erica reached out every litter to see if we were finally ready for a bulldog. When we were, she was very easy to work with. Her knowledge on bulldogs is outstanding. We had many questions on the process and she always knew what was best for the puppy. We've had Penny formerly Blair for two months and she is very healthy, energetic, playful, and sweet. She is great with other people and dogs. We are so happy with our pup. When we are ready for bulldog 2, we will only consider Bruiser Bulldogs. Mitch C. Bowser was born April and is an integral part of our family. When we were first exploring English Bulldog breeders our biggest concern was the overall health of the dogs. We decided to work with Erica at Bruiser Bulldogs because we liked their focus on improving the breeds breathing abilities and the fact that the puppies are raised within her family environment before coming home with their new owners. Bowser also breaths clearly and our vet was impressed with his overall health from the moment we brought him home. All that said we know English Bulldogs have a predisposition to many health issues and that his current health can not predict the future. With that In mind its important to start with a breeder that open to answer any of your questions as Erica has ours, and that strongly believes in improving the breeds overall health profile. Adam B. My sister ended up finding Bruiser Bulldogs and we knew right away that they were the breeder for us. In September we ended up driving 9 hours to pick up two Bruiser bulldog puppies- one for my husband and I and one for my mom. Jackson and Penelope have been nothing but a joy. They are both very athletic and healthy. They are also HUGE snugglers and always want to be with you. It is an absolute pleasure having these two bullies in our lives! Erica is very knowledgeable about the breed. She is very hands on throughout the process and is just overall a kind and honest person to work with. With all that being said I cannot recommend Bruiser Bulldogs enough! Collyn C. One of the reasons we chose Bruiser Bulldogs was due to the claims about breeding for health. During our first visit at our vet's office, he told us that our pup was one of the healthiest English bulldogs he had ever seen. He is healthy, happy and social. Would recommend to anyone. Christina S. We seen our dog on their website and sent them an Email. Mitch called us and personally walked us through the process and made sure we had the right dog for our family. We couldn't be happier when we picked up our dog Ramsey, Erica made sure we had everything we needed and then some. They are truly amazing people who breed truly amazing dogs! Jim T. Please read the entire bio before contacting us with questions. She is very, very short and stocky like a small bowling alley. She was being given away by the breeder due to what is known as Swimmers Syndrome. It was either give her away or cull her so one of our board members took her in to give her a chance. The vet showed her what to do and with some time and rehabilitation she is now perfect. As much as her foster family loves her and tried to keep her she needs to find a perfect home with more attention so she can be the spoiled princess she wants to be. Tried her best to please her loved ones. Very gentle with the children and just craves attention. It is more like short bursts of running and playing and then watching tv. Would do best with a male dog to play and romp with. She does know how to use a dog door. She has not had any accidents since she got out of the puppy phase. Blackberry is an amazingly wonderful, sweet girl who would absolutely love a family of her own. She is absolutely perfect but she desperately needs a family who can give her all the love and attention she deserves. Her foster family fosters so her time is split with other dogs right now. She just loves loves loves all the love for herself so though they love her we are hoping for the perfect home that will love her and shower her with attention. She loves just hanging out in the house with her loved ones watching movies and cuddling but also loves her walks and going out into the mesa to explore and run. She is treat motivated but not really interested in toys. Prefers exploring and cuddling. Send us an e-mail to adopt almosthomenm. Animals are seen by appointment after we have an application. September 13, , pm. We have answers. Just start by typing in a search for a French Bulldog Albuquerque or something similar, then find a pup you love the look of, connect with the breeder, and take it from there. In no time at all, you could be meeting your new dream puppy! What sort of character traits do French Bulldogs have? If you are looking for French Bulldog puppies for sale Albuquerque, these little dogs are a lot of fun. They are super cute, very friendly, and a bit goofy too. Why do breeders charge more for French Bulldogs? French Bulldogs are quite special dogs. They have narrow hips that make natural reproduction difficult, so they have to be artificially inseminated, and pups need to be delivered by C-section. There is more work and skill involved for French Bulldog breeders in Albuquerque, which leads to higher prices. Can I go and pick up my Frenchie puppy in person? All the Albuquerque French Bulldog breeders and companies in our network are experts at arranging transport for pups. You can just meet it at your nearest major airport! If you find your puppy nearby, make arrangements with the breeder to work out the best way to pick it up. Why should I not just get a dog from a shelter instead? While shelters can be a great option, they are not always ideal for people looking for French Bulldog puppies for sale in Albuquerque. But we are not anti-shelter, and the important thing is that you get your dog from a humane source. All the French Bulldog breeders Albuquerque in our network go through a strict vetting process to ensure they are qualified and experienced. They also provide all the details about your new French Bulldog for sale in Albuquerque along with its health and behavioral history, so you can be sure we take transparency seriously. Will one walk a day be enough for my puppy? Take them out once a day, and make sure they get some playtime back at home, and this should help to ensure your dog stays healthy. How can I be sure my new puppy will be in good health? You want to know that your puppy is in good health when you are choosing French Bulldog puppies Albuquerque, and the businesses and breeders in our network will provide a complete health check covering ears, eyes, teeth, and everything else. However, you should still take your dog to your vet for an initial checkup when it arrives. Many people with pets look for French Bulldog puppies in Albuquerque. These friendly little dogs tend to get on well with other pets, which is one reason French Bulldogs for sale Albuquerque are so popular. Just make sure you are there to supervise them, and soon they will all be the best of friends. Will I have to groom my Frenchie? Most dogs need grooming, and Albuquerque French Bulldogs for sale are no exception. Just give them a regular brush and a bath to keep their coats looking and feeling great, and that should be fine.

Use tab to navigate through the menu items. Kelly Hepworth, his wife, Sarah, and their daughter Emily. They breed and train male and female labrador dogs and puppies that are AKC registered and have a month genetic health guarantee. Raising, training, and hunting with Labradors are significant parts of our lives and have always been lifelong endeavors. In addition to our labs, Kelly owns and operates a Veterinary practice located next to the kennel. Each fall, Kelly hunts waterfowl and upland birds in several states. Our labs are derived from the finest pedigree lines available. They are carefully selected for temperament, conformation, and intelligence. We keep our breeding stock free from hereditary problems. Each lab at Bear Creek has certified hips, elbows, and eyes. Our puppies are sold with a month hip and eye guarantee. Puppy dog pile! Black, yellow and chocolate lab puppies Puppy dog pile! All puppies have their dewclaws removed, are wormed, and receive their first shot. Our puppies have become superb family companions, bird and hunt test competitors, gun dogs, obedience winners, and K9 narcotic dogs. You can purchase your Bear Creek puppy with confidence. We have been established since .We are experienced, proven and conscious breeders! We are Selective in our breeding pairs as we have searched worldwide! We will not compromise the rich heritage, pure quality of our Traditional and International breeding lines. We are Dilute Clear!! Official AKC Standard for the Labrador Retriever, General Appearance: The Labrador Retriever is a strongly built, medium-sized, short-coupled, dog possessing a sound, athletic, well-balanced conformation that enables it to function as a retrieving gun dog; the substance and soundness to hunt waterfowl or upland game for long hours under difficult conditions; the character and quality to win in the show ring; and the temperament to be a family companion…… The most distinguishing characteristics of the Labrador Retriever are its short, dense, weather resistant coat; an "otter" tail; a clean-cut head with broad back skull and moderate stop; powerful jaws; and its "kind," friendly eyes, expressing character, intelligence and good temperament……The Labrador is bred primarily as a working gun dog; structure and soundness are of great importance. Some of our breeders come with hunting titles as well!! Over the years, our dogs have made great companions, hunters, and service dogs. Our pups and dogs have been featured in commercials and magazines! Please send in your Pictures!! Janice M. We could not ask for a better puppy than Robin for a family. She is everything we were looking for. She has the sweetest temperament and I cannot believe how smart she is. She has been such a joy to train. She is already great with off leash recall and as soon as we tell her to stop doing something which is not often she listens immediately. Potty training and crate training were a breeze with her. What we love most about Robin is she is completely devoted to our children. She is with them before they go to school and then is at the door a few minutes before they walk in. Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. He was smart, well tempered, and just an amazing friend. He was an ultimate protector of Jenine. We have been so happy with everything about him! From Maggie X Manny Litter of 12 pups, ! Our Puppies are Veterinarian Examined! We send stool samples in to eliminate all parasites! Your Health Certificate will share the details! Pet Keen is reader-supported. When you buy via links on our site, we may earn an affiliate commission at no cost to you. Learn more. We understand that there are many reasons for seeking a breeder, though, so we encourage it to be done the right way. We have not personally investigated all the breeders here; rather, we have gathered their details for you to get in touch and ask all the right questions before you decide. Learn more about our position and how to choose a breeder here. Labrador Retrievers are extremely popular. In fact, they are one of the most popular dogs in the United States. For this reason, finding them in Colorado is quite easy. Many different breeders specialize in this breed, enabling you to choose the best one for your budget and needs. Here are eight of the most active breeders in the state. Of course, be sure to do your own research before purchasing any puppy. They strive to raise dogs with sharp intelligence and high trainability. All their dogs receive health clearances before being bred, ensuring that their puppies are healthy and less prone to genetic conditions. They do not breed for the show ring, which makes their dogs a bit cheaper than others. However, they do focus on temperament and health, as these two factors are essential for companion animals. Their dogs do compete in field trials and other hunting tests. They also breed gun dogs. All their puppies are put through a complete socialization program so they are friendly and ready for their new homes. They also provide a guarantee on their puppies that is similar to that of many other breeders. Their foundational adults are free from hereditary problems, and their puppies have a health guarantee. Besides Labrador Retrievers, they also produce Goldendoodles and other similar family dogs. They only breed dogs that have several generations of healthy ancestors, helping ensure that their puppies are healthy. All their breeding dogs are tested for common genetic conditions. Their kennel is licensed by the Colorado State Department of Agriculture. They have been breeding dogs since , far longer than most kennels out there. They have produced championship dogs in both America and internationally. While they focus on showing dogs, they do strive to produce dogs that make good family pets too. They produce three lab colors: black, chocolate, and yellow. Their dogs actively compete in AKC shows, and they genetically test all their dogs before breeding. They have four children, so their dogs are well-socialized with children at the very least. Their breeding dogs have their OFA certifications and undergo yearly eye exams. While their Labradors are show dogs, they strive to produce pet-quality dogs too. Summary The Labrador Retriever is an incredibly popular breed. Dogs from these places can inherit various health problems and genetic conditions due to the disregard for proper breeding standards. Always seek out high-quality breeders who take care of their dogs, both before and after breeding. Featured Image Credit: Alexx60, Shutterstock Written by Kristin Hitchcock Author Kristin is passionate about helping pet parents create a fulfilling life with their pets by informing them on the latest scientific research and helping them choose the best products for their pets. She currently resides in Tennessee with four dogs, three cats, two fish, and a lizard, though she has dreams of owning chickens one day! The Labrador Retriever is also the most popular purebred dog in America for the 21st straight year. More than twice as many Labs were registered than any other breed making it a likely leader for many years to come. At Twin Lakes Kennel, we have been breeding and training world class Labrador retrievers for more than thirty-five years. Our second-to-none Puppy Guarantee makes buying a pure-bred Labrador retriever one of the wisest decisions you will ever make. Read the personal testimonials from prominent Labrador Retriever owners from around the country. And visit our Puppy Page or call Woody or Judi for up-to-the-minute puppy information at .Located near Laurel Hill, NC, we deliver our world class Labrador retriever puppies and adults to locations as far away as Alaska. We can easily deliver our guaranteed Labs to your location in or around Colorado Springs. For details, call Woody or Judi at .Labrador Retriever Puppies and Children In a recent article, a licensed professional counselor for more than twenty-five years, explained how owning a Labrador retriever can help produce healthier, happier, more well adjusted children. Here is an excerpt from her article: The ten reasons that I am giving for children to have a dog are not listed in order of importance. All of us have different characteristics which we find more important than others. Every reason I list, however, is important to the childhood of your son or daughter. Dogs are great stress relievers for children. Imagine the effects on family life when the stress levels of parents go down. Children who have a dog feel more secure about home safety and going to sleep in the dark. One of the greatest stresses on children is night fears. To have this overcome, or lessened, is a great benefit to relieving stress. For children who are having any sort of difficulties at school, but especially thoughts and concerns over being liked or accepted, having a dog as a companion that loves you unconditionally is positive and brings with it a good feeling and alleviates symptoms of depression. Be sure to read the rest of her article, Ten Reasons to Own a Dog. Our world class Labrador Retrievers puppies for sale! Our Latest Happy Clients! Become A Happy Client!

If your bulldog lost much water because of excessive bowel movements, you may give this as a first aid. To be sure, consult your veterinarian for the dosage to give. This bland diet could be plain rice topped with vegetable broth. Rice is low in fiber and easy to digest which is exactly what you want for your bully. Many people may suggest to feed your bulldog yogurt, but remember that yogurt is an allergen for many bulldogs so avoid yogurt, as it may make things worse for you and your dog. Therefore, you may do the following while observing the progress of its health: Let your bulldog fast for 12 — 24 hours. Simply put, do not feed your bulldog first. This will allow its digestive system to heal itself by eliminating the improper contents inside then resetting after everything is expelled. Feeding your dog while its stomach is upset may actually interfere with the process of cleansing. Hydrate your dog while it is fasting to avoid dehydration. As your dog is pooping, it is losing much water. Thus, keep it hydrated during the hour period. Yogurt is a dog friendly food that you can offer your bulldog as they recover from diarrhea. Use yogurts that do not contain artificial sweeteners or added sugar. Yogurts have active good bacteria for the stomach and are a probiotic. Because overeating can make your dog suffer diarrhea, make sure that it eats the right amount of food every meal time. As humans, a bulldog needs to maintain health as it has a sensitive digestive system. Therefore, make sure that you do not feed your bulldog with so much treats with poor ingredients. Also, check the ingredients to avoid giving food that your dog is allergic of. Bulldogs have many food allergies. Some of the most common food allergens are chicken , beef, and dairy. Most dogs love chicken and beef, but bulldogs must avoid these ingredients. Do not make sudden dietary changes. A gradual change in diet, preferably more than 10 days, is much better than treating a diarrhea. Conclusion Knowing the food and medicine to feed your bulldog during times of diarrhea is as important as knowing the first aid treatment you should do to relieve discomfort. As diarrhea is a sickness of the digestive system, food is the key to deal with the root cause of the sickness. Give your bulldog extra rest as they recover and a diet that is gently on their stomachs. Once your bulldog shoes signs of recovery, slowly start introducing foods that will be gentle on their stomachs such as rice. Hopefully with the proper treatment, the diarrhea will pass in a couple of days and your bulldog will be back to themselves. Remember to re-introduce food slowly as your bully friend recovers. Also be patient and loving with your bulldog while they are sick. Post Views: 1, Lethargy Poor appetite Gums that are pale or tacky to the touch, which can indicate dehydration, anemia or shock Watery poop that lasts for more than a day Deciding Whether To Go to the Veterinarian A puppy with diarrhea almost always warrants a call to your veterinarian. At the very least, this will get you individualized guidance on what home therapies you can try and what doses to give your pup. Puppies metabolize many medications differently than mature dogs, so dosage adjustments may be necessary. When a puppy has loose stool, talking to a veterinarian can also help you determine whether a trip to the hospital is needed. Treatments that are often needed in more severe cases of acute diarrhea include: Fluid therapy to treat dehydration— given under the skin or intravenously Medications to slow down the bowels and reduce diarrhea and fluid loss Medications to manage vomiting Antibiotics to treat or prevent a bacterial infection arising from within the gut Hospitalization and close monitoring for extremely sick puppies Your veterinarian can also run tests to determine why your pup has diarrhea—a fecal examination for parasites or a test for parvovirus, for example. Scoop up some diarrhea and seal it tightly in a plastic bag or container. If you see a parasite or incriminating evidence like a chewed piece of plastic, make sure you bring that too. Puppies, especially those really young and really small, can dehydrate quickly. Make sure your puppy has access to fresh water at all times. Bring it to them if necessary. Entice a reluctant drinker by adding some low-sodium bouillon to the water or a few drops of liquid from some tuna canned in water. Pediatric hydration fluids for human babies work well, too, if your pup will drink them. Stick to bland food. This might be boiled, unseasoned hamburger or white meat chicken with some rice or a prescription diet for intestinal problems that you can get from your veterinarian. Check with your veterinarian to see if you can give any supplements or over-the-counter medications like canned pumpkin, kaolin-pectin or probiotics. A: The reasons why your puppy has diarrhea could include a change in diet, eating something unusual, exposure to toxins, viral or bacterial infections, food allergies or intolerances, intestinal parasites, stress, and other potentially serious health problems. Q: What to give dogs for diarrhea? A: Pet parents have to be careful in what they give for dog diarrhea—some over-the-counter treatments are dangerous if used incorrectly or in the wrong situations. If the diarrhea is mild and not associated with a serious health problem, it may respond to a bland diet boiled white meat chicken and rice, for example and extra water intake. Your veterinarian can let you know whether it is safe to give your puppy canned pumpkin, kaolin-pectin, probiotics and other supplements or medications. Q: How long does puppy diarrhea last? A: Puppy diarrhea can last for just a few hours, or it may persist for days or even longer. Always talk to your veterinarian if puppy diarrhea lasts for more than a day or two or if it is associated with vomiting, lethargy, weakness or any other symptoms of disease. Q: Does puppy teething cause diarrhea? A: Many pet parents report that puppy teething seems to be associated with diarrhea. However, diarrhea during this time can still be serious enough to require veterinary care. Teething puppies will often chew on and swallow almost anything they can get their mouths on. Also, the immune systems of young puppies who are teething are not yet fully formed, so they are at higher risk for the bacterial and viral infections that can cause diarrhea. Q: Is blood in my puppy's diarrhea an emergency? Call your veterinarian immediately for advice. Q: Why does my puppy have diarrhea after changing food? Whenever possible, make dietary changes over the course of a week or two. If you suspect your pet is sick, please call your vet immediately. For health-related questions, always consult your regular veterinarian when possible as they can make the best recommendations for your pet. If you need help finding a vet near you, use this link. We earn a commission if you click this link and make a purchase at no additional cost to you. Make some vegetable broth mixed with pumpkin. This firms the bulldog stool and relaxes the stomach. They can be given plain rice topped with vegetable broth too. Rice is supposed to be low in fiber, which is what we need for our bulldog to ease their digestion. Many people may advise you to feed your bulldogs with yogurt. You can also feed them with wet dog food. It will help them recover slowly. Let them fast. By doing this, the cleansing of their stomach will not be interrupted. Their digestive system eliminates all the harmful contents and then resets itself after everything is gone. All the inappropriate and undesirable contents come out in the form of poop. Feeding your bulldog while having diarrhea may hinder the cleansing process of the stomach. Keep your bulldog hydrated all the time. They must have lost a lot of water while pooping. As your bulldog is recovering from diarrhea, try feeding them yogurt. It is a dog-friendly food. Remember not to give them yogurt that contains artificial sweeteners or added sugar. Yogurts consist of good active bacteria for the stomach and are also probiotics. Do not forget to consult your vet about feeding them the yogurt. Measures for Preventing Bulldog Diarrhea The causes of bulldog diarrhea are already known to you now. Bulldogs have a susceptible digestive system, which makes it compulsory for you to check the ingredients. You must not give your bulldog food that has inferior ingredients. Also, check for allergies; if your bulldog is allergic to anything, check the ingredients to avoid allergies. Most bulldogs are allergic to many things, such as beef, chicken, and dairy. Bulldogs love chicken and beef a lot, but it should be avoided at all costs due to allergies. Ensure they eat the perfect amount of food, as overeating can cause diarrhea. Do not change it suddenly, as it can make their stomach upset. If you decide to change their diet, then plan it accordingly. Start by giving them old and new meals together for around ten days. In those ten days, change it gradually and replace the new one with the old one. It is always better to prevent diarrhea than to treat it. They will get used to new meals too. These were some standard measures for avoiding diarrhea. Keep observing your bulldog, and you may know the changes in them. Before You Go Bulldogs have a susceptible digestive system, and diarrhea is prevalent in them. You have to notice their routine to know whether they have diarrhea or not. You should give them proper treatment immediately if you see any symptoms. If you observe any additional symptoms, then rush to the vet immediately. Take care! Leave a Reply You must be logged in to post a comment. Preventing Puppy Diarrhea Puppy diarrhea is, unfortunately, a reality of pet ownership. Puppies do not have fully functioning immune systems, so they can be a little more sensitive to changes and potential sources of infection than their adult counterparts. Mild cases of diarrhea may go away quickly on their own, but other causes—including infections and parasites—can be a sign of a serious problem. Here's what to watch for and how to know what your next steps should be when your puppy has diarrhea. Some of the most common reasons for diarrhea in puppies include environmental factors, infections, and parasites. Hopefully this helps you find answers to "Why does my puppy have diarrhea? Moving into a new home, meeting new people and animals, learning to walk on a leash , vet visits and vaccinations , that first encounter with the Roomba. All of these experiences can cause stress, and your puppy may get diarrhea because of that. Diarrhea related to stress usually occurs within hours to a day of the stressful event, and generally resolves quickly on its own. Ask your puppy's breeder or previous owner what brand and formula of food she is used to eating, and start off by using that same diet. If you want to switch to a different food, do it gradually over several days, starting with just a little of the new food mixed in with the old and increasing the ratio of new food over time. Some dogs may have food intolerances or, less commonly, allergies to specific ingredients. These can also cause diarrhea. Identifying a food allergy or intolerance is a time-consuming process and will require guidance from your veterinarian. Some common parasites that can infest puppies include roundworms, hookworms , whipworms, tapeworms , coccidia, and giardia. Parasites are most commonly transmitted through poop a dog with worms poops out eggs and larvae, a puppy sniffs poop and inhales them. But some, such as roundworms, can be transmitted from mother to puppies through the placenta. As well as having diarrhea, puppies with parasites may have distended bellies, bloody diarrhea, appear thin, or be lethargic. Sometimes you may be able to see worms in the poop. Your veterinarian can c heck your puppy's stool for worm eggs and other parasites. Always bring a sample along if your puppy is having diarrhea. Once the offending parasite is identified, your vet can prescribe the best deworming medication to resolve the issue. Being treated for worms or other parasites does not prevent your puppy from getting them again, however. Remember how parasites are often spread through poop? Be sure to thoroughly clean your yard, removing all poo to minimize the number of parasitic worms living in the soil and environment. Otherwise, your puppy can reinfect herself from her own poop. All puppies should be on a regular deworming schedule starting while they are with the breeder. Most veterinarians recommend continuing regular, long-term deworming, such as with a monthly product. Dietary Indiscretion and Toxicities Like toddlers, puppies love to put their mouths on anything and everything. Eating the wrong thing can cause diarrhea in a couple different ways. This could range from feasting on the garbage leftover from your cookout to swallowing a chewed-up tennis ball or munching on your amaryllis plant. Eating an excessive amount of rich or fatty foods can cause stomach upset. In cases like these, your puppy may vomit or appear uncomfortable as well as having diarrhea. If your puppy has eaten something toxic, exact symptoms will vary depending on what and how much she ate. If you suspect your puppy has eaten something toxic, or are unsure about the potential threat of her illicit snack, contact an animal poison helpline such as the ASPCA Poison Control Center or the Pet Poison Helpline , , immediately. These services do charge a fee, but it's well worth it to have access to the most up-to-date information on toxicities in dogs. Even nontoxic non-food items can be problematic if they get stuck in your puppy's gastrointestinal tract and cause a blockage. Besides having diarrhea, a puppy with an obstruction may vomit, be lethargic, refuse to eat, and have abdominal pain. Viral and Bacterial Infections Parvovirus, often referred to as simply "parvo," is a diagnosis that strikes fear in any puppy owner's heart. This virus is highly contagious and wreaks havoc on your puppy's immune system and body, causing severe diarrhea, vomiting, weight loss, anorexia, fever, and lethargy. Treatment consists of supportive care to help your puppy fight the disease and target symptoms. A puppy with parvo will likely be admitted to the hospital for intravenous fluids to keep her hydrated, medications, and round-the-clock supervision from her veterinary team. Parvo is often fatal, especially if treatment is started too late. Thankfully, there is an effective vaccination for parvo, and it is included in the routine puppy series. Your puppy will receive several rounds of the vaccine depending on her age. It's essential to get your puppy to her booster appointments on time; even one missed vaccination can leave her unprotected. Once she has finished her puppy series, the following year she can either get a one-year or three-year vaccine. Avoid places with other dogs, such as dog parks, boarding kennels, and popular dog-walking spots until she is fully vaccinated. Only allow her to interact with dogs who you know are vaccinated. If your puppy does get parvo, she will need to be kept away from unvaccinated dogs and puppies to prevent spreading it to them. Besides viruses such as parvo, your puppy can also get bacterial infections in her G. Common culprits include clostridium, E. Your puppy can pick these up from eating rotten food or poop from an infected animal. As she matures and her immune system finishes developing, she will be less susceptible to these tiny invaders. Puppy Vomiting and Diarrhea Vomiting and diarrhea are a dangerous combination. Both cause your puppy to lose water from her body, leading to dehydration. Dehydration can cause permanent damage to her internal organs in a matter of days. If your dog is experiencing this one-two punch of vomiting and diarrhea, you'll want to call your vet right away. When to Call Your Vet If your puppy has diarrhea but is still playful and normal, there is no need to panic. It will likely resolve on its own. Here are the signs to call your veterinarian to schedule an appointment: Diarrhea that lasts more than a day Bloody or black stool. At this point I do not think it is the food, but it could be although the food change may be only making the initial problem worse and causing stomach upset too. Whenever you get a new puppy, the first thing on your to do list should be getting a fecal done by your vet. Even if you are not having problems with diarrhea, get one done anyway. Almost every puppy I have bought has had either worms or coccidia. There is no real signs of this except for swollen looking belly and diarrhea. Molly had worms but her poo was not soft so go figure. Otherwise they are playful and happy just like a puppy should be. And they will be hungry. Very hungry. But all bully pups are, so that you can throw out the window. Almost all puppies have internal parasite, coccidia and worms, and if not treated by the breeder lets face it, not all breeders take care of it as they should. Depending on the cleanliness of the kennel there can also be giardia or worse. So if you have not yet, get your pup to the vet and have a fecal done. You can bring some with you to make it easier, just grab a ziplock bag, turn it inside out, and then put it on as a glove. Scoop up as much of the poo as you can grab, and then reverse the bag off your hand and seal shut.

Frequently Asked Questions What are some of the health issues English bulldogs are likely to face? The English bulldog has various health issues with the most alarming being cardiac and respiratory complications. English bulldogs are also prone to dyslexia in the hip due to their relatively large body size. Skin infections are also a concern do to the wrinkly and folds nature of the skin. What is the lifespan of an English bulldog? The English bulldog can live up to years on an average scale. This is usually due to the numerous complications and health challenges the bulldog faces in the course of life. How frequently do English bulldogs shed? English bulldogs shed more frequently during the cold seasons like winter and spring. Compared to other dogs, they shed rather moderately and even lesser as they age. How hard is it to train an English bulldog? This breed of dog is known for its stubborn nature and can be really difficult especially for novice dog owners to get the hang of. Patience and routine should be the keywords when dealing with a bulldog. Are English bulldogs good watchdogs? The English bulldog has a natural instinct to protect its territory. Even though the bulldog is not usually much of a barking dog, in the case of an intruder it is well equipped and confident to take on the challenge at every cost. Are English Bulldogs dangerous to their owners? The English bulldog is not a dangerous pet. It is very much territorial and somewhat apprehensive to unfamiliar faces, but once it warms up to you, the bulldog is one of the most loving and loyal dogs. How much exercise do English Bulldogs need? The English bulldog on average needs about 30minuites of exercise every day to keep it mentally and physically healthy. Are English Bulldogs family dogs? The English bulldog may seem aggressive at first glance but you will get to find that they have a contrasting character to their appearance. They are perfect around children and can play all day. They are extremely lovable and friendly. How big do English Bulldogs get? English bulldogs can weigh up to 50 pounds and can grow as tall as 15inches. Male or female English Bulldog? This depends solely on the owner as both genders have their specific pros and cons. English bulldogs are very friendly and warm dogs and are amazing around children. No wonder they are one of the most sought-after breeds in the world. Are you interested in purchasing a English Bulldog? Fill out the below form and we'll get back to you as soon as possible. Our bulldogges retain the good temperament of the English bulldog, but also run and play — and live a longer life. This breed likes to chew and should be supplied with plenty of toys and bones. Nylabones and rubber Kong toys are highly recommended. Rawhides, soft rubber and stuffed toys are unsafe, for they are easily shredded or swallowed whole. Olde English Bulldogges are so eager to please that they may overexert themselves in an effort to do whatever is asked of them. We loved the look and disposition of the English Bulldogs but didn't want the health risks associated with the breed. So we looked to the Olde English and found everything we were looking for and more. Loving, Loyal and gentle our dogs become a member of the family. They are brought up in our home where they are given lots of love and attention. It is extremely important to us that they end up in homes where they will be loved and cared for as we have loved and cared for them and their parents. The fact we have built this small community around our beloved pups is a HUGE source of pride. We provide a little starter bag for all of our babies that includes shot records and registration paperwork but we are also always available for anything that may arise. In their future. Super healthy dogs. No breathing problems at all. Great temperament. Absolutely love these boys!! Kimbo I. This one looks just like mine who is now 2. No skin issues. No eye issues. No jaw issues. No teeth issues. My baby is just flat out beautiful. Sara J. The property was beautiful and we could see how loved their Bulldogs are. Testimonials Why Us? Health Care Bexar Bulldogges get their tails docked dew claws removed and all initial shots at 6 weeks with shot records.

Exercise Grooming In the 19th century, Shepherds bred all kinds of dogs mainly to herd and guard flocks. Thus, the dogs needed to display a high level of intelligence, extra normal strength, resilience, courage and bravery, a keen sense of smell, and trainability qualities, etc. These mongrel combinations provided dog breeds that could efficiently guard and herd flocks but differed in appearance and ability, from one locality to another. German Shepherd dogs are well known to be highly inquisitive which makes them excellent for rescue mission training. The German Shepherd has a noble character and shows very high levels of loyalty to its owners. The dog is also described as extremely territorial and has displayed characteristics of overprotectiveness in some cases. The German shepherd can survive in all types of environment; their thick furriness makes them better prepared for cold climates. German Shepherds are considered extremely playful and active. These breeds spend half of their daily routine with activities. The German Shepherd is popularly known as an athletic natured dog and requires a good dose of daily exercise to keep up muscle tone, build and development. If improperly exercised the German Shepherd has been known to become frustrated and exhibit undesirable behaviors. The German Shepherd requires an occasional brushing, as this helps with removing loose hair from its fur. The German Shepherd sheds fur once or twice a year and in this time the breed requires a lot of soft brushing. This can be done using a soft to medium bristle brush. The German Shepherd occasionally requires that its nails are trimmed off when they grow too long, however, some breeds instinctually file their nails against any hard surface that can be fine. Excessive nail growth can cause much pain and even lead to structural concerns. In choosing a German Shepherd breed you must ask yourself what it is you want in a dog and what kind of person are you? Our German Shepherd puppies for sale come from either USDA licensed commercial breeders or hobby breeders with no more than 5 breeding mothers. We only purchase puppies from the very best sources, and we stand behind every puppy we sell. Healthy German Shepherds live for as long as between nine to thirteen years, however, some german shepherd has lived much longer than Thirteen years. How fast can German Shepherds run? An adult German Shepherd can run approximately 30miles per hour. Originally the German Shepherd was bred for guarding and herding of flocks. The German Shepherd dog is highly intelligent and a fairly quick learner and that is why Police and Military institutions use them in operations. How do I care for a German Shepherd dog? The German Shepherd sheds lightly all through the year so be sure to brush it at least twice weekly. Bathe it after each shedding season. Brush its teeth at least once a month. Feed with healthy meals. Routine exercise of at least 45 minutes each day is crucial to the existence of a German Shepherd. Do they shed a lot? Yes, German Shepherds sheds heavily all year round and blows the thick, dense fur under its harsh topcoat twice a year. Are German Shepherds good with kids? German Shepherds are good with kids, however, they can become very protective because of this adult supervisor is highly recommended. At what age are German Shepherds fully grown? In moderation German Shepherds, reach full maturity between months i. There have been known cases of some Eastern European lines taking up to 3years i. Why do German shepherd ears stand up? During the early puppy age weeks German shepherds have floppy ears but this usually becomes pointed ears, standing up due to the cartilage in the ear becoming hard and strong thereby making the ears stand permanently. Are male or female German shepherd more affectionate? The female may also be less tolerable than the male when it comes to playing with children. Are you interested in purchasing a German Shepherd? Fill out the below form and we'll get back to you as soon as possible. For the complete list please see our German Shepherd Breeders nationwide listings page. There are several factors that affect the price of a pup including age, breed popularity, bloodlines, champion titles, and show potential. Your German shepherd puppy will give you unconditional love and may also provide protection, companionship, and a lifelong friendship. The price can vary due to several factors including: Heritage — Pure breed dogs have been known to cost more than mixed breed dogs. Bloodline — Dogs with significant titles can be much pricier than newcomers in the show ring. Breed Popularity — The German shepherd is one of the most popular breeds in the U. Location — Most breeders in rural areas will charge less for a puppy than breeders in an area with a large number of people and dogs. Breeders throughout the state can be found online by searching for websites that sell dogs directly from their kennels. It is also possible to find breeders at local dog shows or through newspapers, magazines, and other forms of advertising. The following are some of the most important factors to consider when finding a breeder. Breeders should have at least one member in good standing within the appropriate breed club. Reputable breeders will also have a website and as much information as possible about their dogs, including bloodlines and even x-rays for those dogs with problems such as hip dysplasia. A breeder who specializes in producing show dogs should have some degree of specialization. Papers — Anyone can buy a dog, so reputable breeders will require proof that you are who you say you are before allowing you to purchase their pups. Payment — Reputable breeders generally have a set price for their pups, so you should not have to haggle them down. They may charge more if the puppy is being shipped by air because of the additional costs. Warranty — Reputable breeders will offer a warranty that guarantees the pup against certain health problems for at least two years. This does not cover illnesses or accidents, but major diseases of concern to German Shepherd owners such as hip dysplasia and other major hereditary defects. Visit Your German Shepherd Breeder in Alabama in Person Once you have located a breeder, it is not a bad idea for you to visit their home in person. To be sure that the pups are kept in a clean environment with plenty of fresh air and exercise areas where they can run around and play. You should also be able to reach into their cages and pick them up without being bitten. Another good reason to visit your breeder is to check out their kennels. A good breeder will also provide you with a tour of the facility which should be clean, but not spotless. The dogs should appear to be well-fed and healthy. You should ask about the type of food that has been fed to your pup during his first few months. When making a final decision about buying a German shepherd puppy, look for signs of shyness or aggressiveness toward people. Aggressive dogs are more likely to be prone to biting, whereas shy dogs can grow up to be timid and afraid of strangers. Any signs of aggression should automatically eliminate the pup from your consideration because aggressive pups often become aggressive adult dogs. At this point, it is usually too late for them to change their behavior patterns. Questions to Ask Ask for References from Your German Shepherd Breeder in Alabama Reputable breeders will have references available to you, so it is a good idea to ask for them. This provides added protection should there be any problems with your new pup in the future. References should include the names of buyers who have bought German shepherds from this breeder in the past. Their information should include their name, address, telephone number, and the years they were the customer of that breeder. If possible, call or visit these references to personally inquire about their satisfaction with the German shepherd puppies they received from your prospective breeder. While you are there, look at how well-behaved and friendly these grown dogs appear to be. Greet them yourself and ask for a short interview regarding their experiences with this breeder. You should also get to know these customers and their dogs, if possible. If you have children, take them along with you to meet these dog owners so they can see how friendly these adult dogs are around people, especially children. If any of the adults seem shy or hesitant in your presence, ask them why. This is perhaps the most important question for any buyer to ask a breeder. Reputable breeders usually have good relationships with at least one veterinarian in the area where they live. A reputable breeder will know which vets are knowledgeable about their particular type of dog and which ones offer low-cost spaying services, vaccinations, and neutering services. Look Out for The Signs of An Unethical German Shepherd Dog Breeder in Alabama Some unethical breeders will lie to their customers and potential buyers, so you always need to be extra careful when dealing with such a breeder. The following list of warning signs can help you avoid an unethical German shepherd dog breeder: The seller does not offer the AKC registration papers for the pup. The seller cannot provide vet references for the pup. The seller claims to be a champion breeder but cannot provide you with any proof of this claim. If your Alabama German Shepherd Breeder is Unable to Answer Your Questions, Be Skeptical A reputable breeder should be happy and willing to answer all of your questions about the pups and the breed in general. If you feel like your questions are not being answered to your satisfaction, then move on to another breeder. A good breeder will also want you to be aware of any health issues and what steps they take to ensure that this issue does not become a problem for their puppies in the future. A good breeder will tell you anything you need to know about the health issues or injuries of either parent dog. Some of these steps include: The most important decisions that you will make for your dog revolve around the type of crate you choose and where in your house it will be kept. While most puppies can be trained not to eliminate indoors if they are properly potty-trained, you still need to buy a crate for your new dog. Puppies can be very destructive if they are not given something to keep them occupied when unsupervised. While most pups can hold their bladders for up to four hours at a time by the time they are four months old, this is still a good idea if you want to leave your puppy. Potty Training Your New German Shepherd Puppy The most important thing to remember about potty training your puppy is that this process will not happen overnight. It takes a lot of patience and dedication, but if you can stick to it, then your pup will be potty-trained in no time. The best way to potty-train your new puppy is to take him outside every two hours. If you choose to crate your pup when you work all day or even when out of the house for a few hours , make sure that you take him out of his crate at the same time every day, and immediately take him outside to go to the bathroom. You can also leave a kitchen timer next to his crate so that he can learn when it is time for you to be let out. This is especially important when your dog is a puppy. We hope it helps you find the perfect puppy. There are many people who have asked us to write more articles on several different topics. If there is anything that you would like us to cover, then let us know in the comments section of this article or email us at. We will do our best. I love animals and love helping people adopt a pet. It all started when attending Missouri State University and I began volunteering at an animal shelter. Puppy pads Create a Schedule German Shepherd pups would do well with a schedule. Dogs live with a routine, and they are easy to train by having one. For this reason, make a schedule of the things you need to do regularly. Eventually, your pup will learn the routine events and will make itself adept at them. It will help you prepare for your pet, especially in the first few days of living together. As you allow your pet to adjust, do your best to create a stress-free environment for it. Always supervise it as it familiarizes itself with its new home. Still, it would be best to prepare yourself for loud noises when your pet is asleep. Moderate Training German Shepherds are highly trainable. It simply means they respond well, especially to positive reinforcement. Squeaky Toys Out of all toys, your pet will love the squeaky ones. For this reason, prepare for a lot of loud squeaks every time your pet is active. Thus, in picking your pet, you may want to consider getting it from the best. Tells you any health problems A good breeder will tell you any significant health problems in any of the dogs he or she bred. Asks more questions than you A good breeder would ask for more items from you than you would for him or her. Not in a hurry to send off A good breeder is not in a hurry to send the puppies off and get your money. He or she will even show you other breeders and veterinarians caring for their dogs. Requires expectations on both sides A good breeder will create a contract that offers not only what he or she expects from you. More than that, he or she will also show what you can expect from him or her. Sends puppies properly A good breeder will never send a puppy in a compartment and without any responsible person to go with it. Works only with one or two breeds A good breeder works only with a single or a couple of species. Shows breeding experience A good breeder shows her dogs in recognized confirmation shows. He or she will also join his or her breed in other breed-related performance events. Other states.

We are a small hobby breeder of West Showline German Shepherds with only a few litters a year. Our dogs are part of our family, share our home, and travel with us. We are located in Halifax, PA about 30 minutes north east of Harrisburg. I was impressed with their working ability and superior intelligence along with a loving demeanor that was absolutely unmatched. As I was learning more about the breed and looking for my perfect addition to my family, I saw the Long Coats for the first time and fell in love. Our dogs have brought pure joy and happiness into our home and it is our goal to bring the same joy and happiness into yours! They have sound temperaments, are very intelligent, easy to train, loyal, and protective. Everyone is encouraged to stop in for a visit of our home, meet our family, and see our GSD's. It is our goal to produce top quality German Shepherds with a stunning black and deep red coat with loving personalities, outstanding character, and family protection in one perfect package. Integrity is Very important with us, you will Never feel pressured into getting a Puppy, we are very honest and direct with our process and time table when we will have Puppies available. All the Information Posted about our Dogs can be verified through Documentation. Our Pictures are Never Altered or adjusted to mislead you into thinking our dogs are better than they are, and to be Honest we do not need too : The day you pickup your Bergerhaus puppy you will be invited into a Secret Facebook page called Bergerhaus Puppy Club if you so choose to accept here you can interact with others Bergerhaus puppy owners, watch littermates of your baby grow, become friends with other puppy owners, and ask advise from everyone in the group! Our breeding program has earned the the highest level of accomplishments that a kennel in the United States can achieve. Nadelhaus breeds purebred German Shepherds year round and we also import both German Shepherd puppies and adults direct from Europe for our clients. Long-haired German Shepherds are technically called a long coat German Shepherd, while a short-haired German Shepherd is called a normal coat or stock coat German Shepherd. Dogs with either coat have the same physiological structure and both have double coats: an undercoat and a top coat. The only difference between the two is the top coat. The long haired German Shepherd will have a heavier top coat than the undercoat. The double coat of a German Shepherd is an important feature of the breed. The double coat weathers and insulates the dogs—it protects them from the cold in the winter and the heat in the summer. The length of the coat of a German Shepherd has no impact on its ability as a working dog. What does a long haired German Shepherd look like? The skeleton and structure of a long-haired German Shepherd will be the same as a short-haired German Shepherd. Both dogs will have an undercoat, but the difference is that the top coat of a long-haired German Shepherd will be longer. The long coat GSD has longer and silkier hair on the chest, back, face, tail, and on the backside of its legs. Short on the head, including the inside of the ears, on the front side of the legs, on the paws and toes, somewhat longer and more strongly covered in hair on the neck, almost forming a mane. On the back side of the legs the hair extends to the carpal joint or the hock and forms clear trousers on the back side of the haunches. Historically, German Shepherds originated in Germany and were native sheepdogs. He firmly believed that the standard of the German Shepherd breed should not include dogs with long hair. Throughout the s, long haired German Shepherds were considered unsuitable and unacceptable for breeding. It is important to note that long-haired German Shepherds are the result of natural genetic diversity and not a separate breed. Their long coats are an inherited trait that can occur when both parents carry the recessive long-hair gene. This gene manifests as a more luxurious and abundant coat, offering a striking contrast to the traditional short-haired German Shepherd appearance. The breeding of long-haired German Shepherds follows the same rigorous standards and principles as their short-haired counterparts. The focus remains on maintaining the breed's exceptional temperament, working abilities, and overall health. Over time, breeders recognized the value of long-haired German Shepherds and began selectively breeding them to maintain and enhance their unique characteristics. Through careful pairings and strategic breeding programs, the long-haired variety established itself as a distinct and cherished branch of the German Shepherd breed. How big do long-haired German Shepherds get? Long-haired German Shepherds are structurally the same as short-haired German Shepherds, therefore they can both grow to similar sizes. Males: inches tall, pounds Females: inches tall, pounds Since both German Shepherds are physiologically the same, they also have the same temperaments: loyal, intelligent, energetic, courageous and protective. German Shepherds are ranked 2 on the AKC Breed Popularity list and make for wonderful family companions and working dogs. How can I identify a long-haired German Shepherd puppy? In the photo below are two litter mates from a recent Nadelhaus litter. The puppy on the left is a long coat and the puppy on the right is a normal coat. The long coat has wispier hair on the chest, back, face, tail, and on the backside of its legs. Long-hair female German Shepherd next to short-hair male German Shepherd. Genetically in German Shepherds, the short hair gene is dominant and the long hair gene is recessive. This means if two short-haired German Shepherds are mated, but neither carries the recessive long hair gene, then no long haired puppies can be produced. However, if two short-haired German Shepherds are mated and both carry the recessive gene, then long-haired German Shepherd puppies can be produced. Long-haired German Shepherds are considered a less common variant of the breed, adding to their allure and exclusivity. While short-haired German Shepherds dominate the breed standard, enthusiasts of long-haired Shepherds appreciate their unique beauty and elegant appearance. Due to their rarity, finding a reputable breeder or rescue organization specializing in long-haired German Shepherds may require some research and patience. However, the joy of owning one of these beautiful dogs is well worth the effort for those who appreciate their longer coats and exceptional qualities. Do long-haired German Shepherds shed more than short-haired German Shepherds? No, this is a common misconception. Although they shed less than short haired German Shepherds, their coats still require regular maintenance. They will need regular brushing and grooming, especially if you enjoy hiking or outdoor activities with your GSD. While it is a rare occurrence for a long-haired GSD to not have an undercoat, most of them do have undercoats. And just like short-haired GSDs, their undercoats will shed more or less throughout the year depending on the season. Should I trim my long haired German Shepherd's coat? The decision to trim a long haired German Shepherd comes down to personal preference, but it is not a necessity. Trimming can help make for more manageable living around the house. If you choose to trim, you can trim around the backs of the ears, on the back of the legs both front and back and then thin the bushy tail. Shaving a German Shepherd on the other hand is never recommended. Their double coats help keep them warm in the winter and cool in the summer. What are long haired German Shepherds called? Regular brushing: Long-haired German Shepherds require regular brushing to prevent matting and tangles. Aim for at least a few brushing sessions per week to keep their coat in good condition. Finish your brushing session with a gentle dog brush to clean up loose hairs. Bathing and drying: It's important to bathe your long-haired German Shepherd as needed, using a dog-specific shampoo. Be sure to thoroughly rinse out all the shampoo to prevent any residue. After bathing, use a high-velocity dryer or a cool air dryer to dry their coat thoroughly, as moisture trapped in the fur can lead to skin issues. Professional grooming: Consider taking your long-haired German Shepherd to a professional groomer for occasional trimming and coat maintenance. A groomer can help keep the fur around sensitive areas, such as the paws and ears, tidy and reduce the chances of matting. Watch for seasonal shedding: Like all German Shepherds, long-haired ones will undergo shedding seasons. Be prepared for increased shedding during these times and brush your dog more frequently to remove loose hair. A de-shedding tool can be helpful in managing shedding and keeping their coat healthy. Remember, each dog is unique, and the specific care requirements may vary. Does Nadelhaus sell long haired German Shepherd puppies? Nadelhaus breeds German Shepherds puppies year round and while the majority of puppies we sell are short hair, we do have occasionally have long haired puppies. We breed all our German Shepherds in the black and red color. If you are looking for a long haired adult German Shepherd, we can also import long-haired German Shepherds direct from Europe. Contact us for more information. Sound in mind and body, strong, functional, intelligent, trainable, courageous, and resilient. These are the natural qualities that can only be realized through the incredible genetics of purebred German Shepherds. We only import the best-of-the-best. Certified champions straight from Germany! Due to his home being burglarized in , Wayne decided to train dogs in tracking, obedience, and protection. His untrained Staffordshire Bullterrier was unable to protect his home and he then decided to obtain a Rottweiler for protection. Wayne continued to train Rottweilers up until the early 90s where he purchased his first German Shepherd. He was raised along side German Shepherds which had a huge impact toward his love and respect for the breed. At Kraftwerk K9, we honor the history of the German Shepherd. We here at Kraftwerk K9 care for and teach these world-class dogs to live up to their full potential. Our ethical breeding facility sits on 25 gorgeous acres of Washington soil and is available for touring before purchase. Take a look at our facility Learn more about our certified German Shepherds by calling today at or visiting our Available Dog page! Haus Amberg Shepherds is a family-based kennel that breeds for the love and preservation of the German shepherd dog GSD. We offer show and working dogs, as well as family pets and service dogs from high-quality German bloodlines. Patrick, a military veteran, and his wife Alishia have spent years learning the proper methods to compassionately breed, preserve and train German shepherds. They believe it is of the utmost importance to uphold this standard and have spent countless hours to achieve and maintain a quality breeding program. Haus Amberg emphasizes proper care and upbringing of each of our puppies to ensure the correct development of personality and socialization. As breeders, they are happy to help you find a perfect new addition to your family. The best lines of German shepherds are located in Germany, bred under the SV. Owning a quality German shepherd makes a world of difference. Haus Amberg Shepherds can help you find what exactly you are looking for as they work with many local breeders and kennels here in Germany. Whether a family pet or top of the line German shepherd show dog, Haus Amberg is able to match you with the perfect dog. One of their priorities is to be sure that the personality and temperament of the dog matches its owner and what they are looking for in their German shepherd. Menu Menu Long-haired German Shepherd puppies Beautiful long haired german shepherds puppies available in our kennel, with highest genealogy, FCI pedigree and dysplasia-free parents. Video of our long haired german shepherd puppies Why a long-haired German Shepherd puppy? If agreed in advance, we can arrange home delivery of the puppy. After almost thirty years of breeding, I still linger for a long time to look at the newborn puppies, who, still blind and deaf, but admirably guided by instinct and smell, seek their source of life. The dog breed culture of the long-haired German Shepherd has become widely rooted in Italy as well and more and more people contact professional breeders to purchase a purebred puppy with all the papers in order. It is two generations since we have been devoting ourselves to the selection of the long-haired German Shepherd, both working and pet dogs. We are based in Alvignano, a small, unspoiled village in the upper Caserta area surrounded by green hills. Our day is dedicated to our dogs, with whom we spent most of the time: it requires sacrifices, and does not include holidays! It is unthinkable to be a breeder if you have not developed a great passion, the source of the energy and courage required to do this job. The Falcone farm is considered one of the best German shepherd farms in Italy. The long-haired German Shepherds Alsatian of Casa Falcone are the result of responsible choices by qualified breeders aiming at improving and maintaining the best quality standards of the breed. In addition to the essential preventive care, Casa Falcone pays particular attention to secondary details as well, which are vital to obtain strong, healthy and even-tempered puppies. Our puppies are born in comfortable air-conditioned and video-monitored delivery rooms to keep an ideal constant temperature and to regularly watch over the mother and the puppies. The weaning of long-haired German Shepherd puppies is a practice that needs to meet deadlines and a deep sensitivity to understand how to treat the puppies and their mother. The puppy will be delivered to a new family only after the lactation phase, the program of deworming and the vaccination treatment are over. In the first weeks of life, the puppies are continually stimulated to get used to the presence of humans and other dogs, to make integration into the new family easier. In addition, a puppy guide will be given to the owner containing lots of advice and a transfer contract as well. The sale of a German Shepherd puppy is not the last phase of our work: after the puppies are delivered to the new family, the breeder-owner relationship will continue through counselling service, practical advice and meetings on the territory. In the philosophy of Casa Falcone German Shepherd Farm , the German Shepherd puppy who finds a new family does not go away, but contributes to the expansion of the large family of Casa Falcone through regular gathering and meetings. In this context, customers will meet professionals such as veterinaries, instructors, trainers and experts in the field but new owners as well, with whom they will be able to share their experiences, contribute to the socialization of the puppies and, why not, broaden the circle of friends. At Casa Falcone farm magnificent German Shepherd puppies with excellent pedigree are waiting for you. They have an even-tempered character thanks to selected specimens and are certified to be exempt from the main hereditary diseases of the breed hip and elbow dysplasia. If you are looking for a German Shepherd puppy, you can buy it at Casa Falcone. You can appreciate the beauty of our specimens by visiting the German Shepherd puppy photo page. We are one of the few farms in Italy to breed the long-haired German Shepherd Alsatian. As our customers know well, we put all our efforts into our work, regarding as an absolute priority the morphology, character and health of each of our puppies.

Protein provides your pet with energy and needs to run around and explore its environment, and it also provides the building blocks for strong muscle. We recommend choosing a brand with real meat like chicken Turkey or beef listed as its first ingredient. Avoid brands that use a meat by-product or a meat meal, and we also recommend avoiding brands that have corn or soy listed first. Real Fruits and Vegetables Foods containing real fruits and vegetables like raspberries, blueberries, strawberries, kale, spinach, carrots, and pumpkin can help provide your puppy with the vitamins and minerals needed to stay healthy. Omega fatty acids are crucial for healthy eye function in young, growing puppies and as a plus, they will help your puppy have a softer , shinier coat. Dry versus Wet Food Wet food as it is high in protein and very high in moisture adds in for a healthy hydration status, and in most cases, it consists of a more species-appropriate diet that resembles what dog ancestors evolved to eat. Now that your puppy is young and will be teething take advantage of starting the puppy on teeth brushing routine; it will save you lots of headaches in the future. Getting your puppy used to eat a mix of wet and dry food has the advantage of combining the best of both presentations. However, if you can only feed dry kibble to your dog you should make sure you add some moisture to it. Conclusion When choosing your next puppy food at PetSmart, we highly recommend our pet for the best overall. Another smart choice is our pick for the best value. Purina Pro Plan Focus Puppy Food provides your pet with the benefits of a wet food as our top choice at a lower cost. We hope you have enjoyed reading over these reviews and found a few brands you would like to try out. If we helped keep your notepad healthy, please share our look into the best puppy foods at PetSmart on Facebook and Twitter. See also:. What is the best food to give your dog with allergies? There are no perfect hypoallergenic diets, but synthetic amino acid-based diets come very close, according to Pucheu-Haston. Other veterinary-recommended diets for dogs with allergies include ultra-hydrolyzed and amino acid-based diets, which are made up of tiny protein molecules that the immune system cannot recognize. If your dog has a fish allergy, you can try a plant-based food option like Open Farm's Kind Earth kibble, which has planted-based omega fatty acids and is free of fish oils. Can plant-based dog food help with allergies? Yes, plant-based dog food can help with allergies. While dogs are classified as carnivores, they are physiologically omnivores, which means they don't need an animal-based diet to obtain all their essential amino acids, according to Dottie Laflamme , DVM, Ph. We also take steps to ensure that all expert advice and recommendations are made independently and with no undisclosed financial conflicts of interest. She worked for Purina's research and development team until her retirement in .Why trust Select? Janelle Leeson is a Portland-based freelance writer with a bachelor of science degree in biology. Her approach to pet-care writing and reporting is rooted in scientific principles that consider a pet's biological need for play, proper nutrition and environmental enrichment. For this piece, Janelle interviewed two experts who specialize in veterinary dermatology and one expert who specializes in veterinary nutrition. She also researched dozens of dry dog foods on the market that met criteria based on our experts' insights. She included dog foods recommended by experts, along with those that are highly rated and meet expert shopping guidance. Janelle Leeson Janelle Leeson is a Portland, Oregon-based freelance writer who covers everything pets and a few subjects in between, including sustainability and clean beauty. For most of its life, Merrick was independent and also operated other brands like Castor and Pollux, and Whole Earth Farms. However, in , Merrick was acquired by Purina, which is probably the largest pet food group in the world. You can learn more about this acquisition and other important information relevant to Merrick in our Merrick Brand Review. The majority of the formulas in this range provide excellent nutrition from a range of high-quality ingredients. Ingredients used within this range include common meat and fish ingredients such as Chicken or Beef, but it also includes less common meats such as Rabbit or Venison. Their Chicken formula is one of their best and includes a mix of Chicken and Turkey ingredients. Both of these poultry ingredients are industry standards and can provide an ample portion of high-quality protein and fat. These poultry ingredients are then combined with Sweet Potatoes, Potatoes, and Peas. The proportions of Potatoes and Sweet Potatoes are far higher than the proportion of legumes and make up the bulk of the satisfactory carbohydrate proportion. Sweet Potatoes, in particular, are considered the best starch ingredient to be used in dog food and can provide a number of micronutrients that traditional white potatoes can not. You can learn more about the background of the Wellness brand and other information such as their ingredients and nutrition in our Wellness Brand Review. Their Core Ocean Formula is one of our favorites and features a variety of fish ingredients. These Fish ingredients combine to provide an ample portion of fish-based protein and fat, in particular, the Omega 3 Fatty Acids, which many believe can provide several health benefits to dogs such as an improvement in the condition of skin and coat, as well as improve cognitive function. Many of you may not be familiar with Menhaden Fish Meal, and fear not as you are not alone. Menhaden are a small oily fish from the Atlantic Ocean that is low-cost yet rich in protein and is regularly used by manufacturers to boost protein levels rather than the alternative such as low-quality and low-cost vegetable by-products like Pea Protein. However, they are one of the better brands that is available at PetSmart, and they have many high-quality formulas. The brand was first launched in , making them a long stay of the industry compared to some newcomers. You can find the full range of unconventional recipe names along with information on recalls and animal testing in our Solid Gold Brand Review. Quail is quite an unusual ingredient to see in dog or human food, but it is very similar to Chicken and provides excellent nutrition. The formula also makes use of smaller portions of Turkey and Pork, which, when combined with the Quail, offer a satisfactory proportion of animal-based protein and fat. The formula also makes use of a substantial number of vegetable and starch ingredients of varying quality. While some ingredients, such as Peas and Chickpeas, are standard inclusions in grain-free dog food, others, such as vegetable by-products like Pea Protein, are considered by many to be lower quality. Lastly, the formula also makes use of Pumpkin as a minor ingredient. Pumpkin is a particularly beneficial ingredient, especially to those with digestive issues, and provides a mix of fiber, carbohydrates, and vitamins. The brand was launched to cater to the higher-quality or more nutritious pet food market fueled by smarter and more aware consumers. Crave is commonly available at large retail stores like PetSmart and Walmart, along with other smaller pet food stores. Each formula within the Pate range contains both traditional meat cuts alongside organ meat. Finally, none of their Pate recipes contain a significant amount of vegetable ingredients, let alone frowned upon by-products or grains. The only other notable inclusions are minor portions of some binding agents like Guar Gum. Their Wet Dog Food range shares many of the qualities of its dry food range that we discussed earlier. In the above Real Beef Formula, this correlates to a minimum of .The percentage of carbohydrates is so low in this Real Beef formula that we would consider it negligible. This lack of carbohydrates and plant matter is likely to make this formula extremely appealing to a hungry dog and unlikely to last more than a few minutes. This wet dog food range includes Limit Ingredient recipes, Small Breed recipes, Stews, and Pates, but we are going to stick with their Core 95 range. While some other wet dog food formulas only contain meat ingredients, these Wellness Core 95 formulas also contain a small amount of a less commonly used vegetable ingredient. In the case of the above Turkey formula, it includes Spinach as its secondary ingredient. Other formulas within the Core 95 range make use of vegetables such as Broccoli and Carrots, and all three varieties are entirely pea and legume-free, which can be advantageous to those dogs with legume allergies. Now is a good time to reiterate that wet dog food is significantly more costly than dry food. This is the case for this Wellness recipe and for the other formulas mentioned above. However, some dog owners choose to use a mix of dry and wet food as a consequence of the higher price in an attempt to make it more affordable. This mixing technique can provide your canine friend with the best of both worlds without breaking the bank. While many of the Purina brands have been around for decades, Purina Beyond is a more recent addition to the mix and appeals to more knowledgeable consumers in the same way other new brands like Crave do. However, Purina Beyond still retains competitive pricing making it a great lower-cost option. You can learn more about Purina Beyond, including its full product range, and recall history in our Purina Beyond Brand Review. The above formula caught our eye and is a fantastic option for those who want to provide canned dog food on a tight budget. It will come as no surprise that Chicken is the main ingredient of the recipe and provides the bulk of the protein and fat. The three ingredients mentioned in the recipe name are joined by Liver, which can provide additional animal-based protein and fat along with select minerals and vitamins that usual meat cuts lack. While Peas may feature in nearly all dog food recipes, Carrots certainly do not and are a far rarer sight, which does make this formula more unique. While Carrots are not going to provide anything revolutionary from a nutrition standpoint, they can be considered a beneficial addition and provide a mix of carbohydrates, fiber, and some vitamins and minerals. PetSmart is one of the leading pet store chains in the country. It sells all types of pet supplies, including clothes, toys, treats, and food. Just remember that the return policy may depend on the item in question. For instance, it may be different to return pet food than to return pet clothes. Your dog may not eat it. Otherwise, there is a risk that the food will make your dog ill. Regardless, you may want to take the food back for a refund. Today, consumers can return dry and wet dog food to PetSmart for a full refund. However, there are some stipulations. However, the refund will come in the form of store credit. One of the main ways it does this is by offering a reasonable return policy. Typically, you can do so conveniently. Regardless, you can rest assured knowing that you can take the item back to PetSmart. However, you must remember that this is only for unopened pet food. If the food has been opened, you can return it within 14 days. However, there might be an alternative solution. If you speak to a manager, they might be able to help you return the item after the period has elapsed. If this is the case, you may still be able to return the dog food. It depends on how long it has been since you purchased the dog food. After 14 days, you may be able to convince the manager to accept the return. However, it is best to return the food within 14 days to avoid potential problems. Remember that the food should still be in the original packaging to get a return. Typically, PetSmart can complete the refund using two methods. First, they can use your receipt. Second, the company can look up your transaction using your credit or debit card. In addition to this, the company can likely find information about the transaction by using its rewards program. Be sure to bring a valid photo ID to ensure that you can complete the transaction quickly. They can be picky eaters. While some will eat anything, others will not. Can you return the food to PetSmart if your dog refuses to eat it? Typically, you can. PetSmart is happy to accept returns for dog food that your pet refuses to eat. It is best to bring your receipt. Before taking the food back to the store, make sure it is fully sealed. Otherwise, you might spill it in the store. Thankfully, you can. The process is quick and convenient. It is often cheaper and easier to take the food to your local PetSmart. Be sure to bring your receipt or invoice to ensure that the return can be completed quickly. Even if the bag has been opened, PetSmart will accept the return. In some cases, the company may refuse to authorize your return. For instance, if you try to return several bags of dog food each day, you might experience issues. Thankfully, more people only need to return one or two bags every few months.

More Use tab to navigate through the menu items. I've had a love affair with Golden Retrievers for many years. I am a retired marriage and family therapist who enjoys breeding a litter of Goldens every three to six months. I only breed Goldens and I have been able to accomplish an excellent pet quality bloodline. I do not breed for show. I have three generations of my Golden line here on-site. Visitors are welcome! They are raised indoors with my cats. I play with them and groom them every day. They are my family. All of my litters will have their first shots before they are adopted. My bloodline is extremely healthy with good conformation. They are easy to train and make great family pets for children, excellent companions and they are often used as therapy dogs. They must have a fenced yard and be raised both indoors and out. I will not ship dogs across the country. I need to meet you before I allow adoption. A personal interview is required as part of the application process. Adopting families can either pick up their new puppy here or I can meet you. We do not place puppies in homes intending to breed them. However, if there are no puppies of the gender of your choice available, I will happily refund your deposit. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. Abstract We report an observational, double-blind, experimental study that examines the effects of human emotional odors on puppies between 3 and 6 months and adult dogs one year and upwards. The duration of all behaviors directed to the apparatus, the door, the owner, a stranger, and stress behaviors was recorded. A discriminant analysis showed that the fear odor activates consistent behavior patterns for both puppies and adult dogs. However, no behavioral differences between the control and happiness odor conditions were found in the case of puppies. In contrast, adult dogs reveal distinctive patterns for all three odor conditions. We argue that responses to human fear chemosignals systematically influence the behaviors displayed by puppies and adult dogs, which could be genetically prefigured. In contrast, the effects of happiness odors constitute cues that require learning during early socialization processes, which yield consistent patterns only in adulthood. Keywords: Dogs, Human chemosignals, Emotions, Animal cognition Introduction One of the oldest and most widely used media for communication is chemosignals. It has been demonstrated that plants Heil and Karban and bacteria Taga and Bassler rely on communication via chemosignals. The information chemosignals contain is very rich and has been extensively examined. Indeed, various studies have revealed systematically that human chemosignals mediate neural, cognitive, and behavioral social processes e. A domain that has commanded considerable attention is the transfer of emotional information, namely the information that human body odors BOs emitted during an emotional state e. The recent interest in intraspecies communication has inspired pioneering work on interspecies communication. Reading human emotional responses has an important adaptive value for dogs, allowing them to pick up information about environmental novelties and regulate their behavior accordingly in social referencing Merola et al. While interspecies research, particularly between humans and dogs, has made great strides in recent years, the evidence about the determinate or indeterminate nature of the chemosignal effects see for a general case Nielsen et al. The issue we address in the research reported here examines whether the interspecies transfer of emotional information via fear vs. To understand possible differences in the behavioral outcomes of exposure to fear and happiness, we must consider the features of owner-puppy interactions where the owner or other household inhabitants emits such chemosignals. We must also consider the possibility of evolutionarily conserved chemosignals. The first question is how likely the owners will experience fear or happiness in their puppies' presence. In general, puppies are a source of happiness, and acquiring a puppy alone is likely a source of joy. Such a context allows puppies to associate happiness chemosignals with positive experiences. Otherwise, owners are more unlikely to experience fear while interacting with their puppies. One could surmise that, if anything, their socialization history would likely expose puppies to human happiness odors rather than fear odors. If this argument is correct and there is a learning effect for both chemosignals, one would expect an asymmetry in behavioral patterns of exposure to fear and happiness in human odors in favor of happiness. In this view, the behavioral responses to happiness chemosignals, particularly from other species, should be less likely to be inherited from our mammalian ancestors. Another line of argument would suggest the opposite of the prominence of happiness-related behavior patterns being manifested. Suppose it is the case that certain affective states have highly adaptive value over the evolutionary course of history. In that case, one might expect puppies and adult dogs to display the same behavioral patterns when exposed to fear chemosignals. As has already been proposed by Darwin Darwin , fear is arguably an inner mental state inherited from our mammalian ancestors and is manifested behaviorally. Such behavioral responses emerge in biologically or socially challenging situations and can be seen across animal species from which we regularly infer fear Mobbs et al. Furthermore, fear circuits are conserved in mammal brains LeDoux .This could mean that the chemical composition of human fear odors can constitute an evolutionarily conserved chemosignal. The argument that reactions to fear odor are evolutionarily conserved would tip the balance in favor of puppies displaying behavior patterns comparable to those of adults. Notably, an observational study revealing that puppies display adult behavior patterns when exposed to fear odors but not happiness odors may not support conclusively an innate fear response. Indeed, one also has to entertain the possibility of a biological preparedness for fast learning due to the salience of the fear responses. Then, we systematically examined the behavior of puppies younger than six months when exposed to human fear and happiness chemosignals, comparing these results with a sample of adult dogs. They were asked to follow a strict protocol 2 days before the sweat donation: smoking, alcohol, odorous food, and excessive exercise were prohibited. Furthermore, donors had to use scent-free personal care products and were provided with odor-free detergents. The pads of four individuals were cut into four pieces to rule out interindividual differences in body odor and matched in the apparatus, thereby creating a pooled sample Mitro et al. The ethics committee approved all the procedures for the sweat collection of the host institution. They were conducted under the standards of the American Psychological Association and the guidelines of the Declaration of Helsinki. Subjects Volunteers with their dogs were recruited through personal contacts and the internet. All dogs lived in a household with at least two people and, although some subjects had free access to the garden, were kept indoors at night and most of the day. Some dogs had to be excluded because of fear-related problems before testing. Some testing sessions had to be interrupted because the dogs displayed destructive behaviors toward the apparatus or because the owners did not comply with the instructions by interacting with the dog during the testing. The final database included pet dogs: 61 puppies 3—6 months old 26 females, 4. We randomly allocated dogs in both major groups puppy and adult to one of the three odor conditions balancing developmental stage and sex. Therefore, 51 dogs were in the fear condition 9 female puppies; 12 male puppies; 15 female adults; 15 male adults ; 46 dogs were in the happiness condition 8 female puppies; 12 male puppies; 13 female adults; 13 male adults ; 44 dogs were used for the control condition 9 female puppies; 11 male puppies; 11 female adults; 13 male adults. The other breeds included 7 Mongrels, 3 Irish Setters, 3 Border Collies, and 21 different breeds never represented more than 2 times. The room was set up with two chairs in opposite corners one for the owner and the stranger and a water bowl in another corner. Three different female assistants took the stranger role. They were not in their menstrual period. The apparatus was positioned in the center of the room. The apparatus consisted of a .The sweat samples were placed in a container with a circular hole diameter of 3 cm on the lid. While allowing dogs to engage in the olfactory exploration of the contents, this method prevented the dog from contaminating the substances by direct contact. A separate apparatus was used for each condition to avoid chemosignal contamination. At the end of each test, the bowl, the apparatus, and the room were washed and cleaned. All the tests were recorded through a closed-circuit television system with 4 cameras. Experimental procedure Before the testing session started, the owner was informed about the procedure without disclosing the goal. The dogs were left free outside the room where the trials took place for about 5—10 min. During this period, the laboratory staff limited their interaction with the dogs but were friendly whenever a dog approached one of the experimenters. Since it was planned to record drinking as a stress behavior, dogs were allowed to drink ad libitum before the test. The owner with the dog entered the experimental room, where the stranger experimenter, E1 was seated. The dog was left free to familiarize itself with the room. After 1 min of familiarization, the owner was asked to hold the dog close to the chair to allow a second experimenter E2 to enter the room and fix the apparatus at the center. As soon as E2 left the room and closed the door, the owner released the dog for the testing procedure lasting 2 min. Both the E1 and owner were instructed not to interact with the dog they were given two magazines to avoid eye contact with the dog during the test even if solicited by the dog. They were blind to the condition they were in. Each dog was allocated randomly to only one condition: fear, happiness, or control unused pads. At the end of each test, the samples were frozen again and reused no more than 4 times. Behavioral parameters The duration of all behaviors related to specific targets i. Physical contact includes explorative behaviors, such as sniffing at a distance not more than approximately 20 cm. Furthermore, physical interaction with the muzzle or legs, licking, and jumping up the target were also included. The gazing behavior at the target was recorded when the dog was in a stationary position. Gazing behavior toward the people was recorded when directed to the face of the subjects. The stressful behaviors included mouth licking the dog licks its lips or nose , locomotion dog walking, pacing, or running around without a clear target or exploratory intent , shaking off, scratching, yawning, barking, yapping, panting, drinking water. In all cases, the means were not statistically different. The subsequent statistical analyses were based on the data from coder 1. Table 1.