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With some simple knowledge and proactive care, you can help your Frenchie stay healthy and happy. What Is a French Bulldog? A French Bulldog, commonly referred to as a Frenchie, is a small breed of Bulldog that originated in France. This breed is typically stocky and muscular, with a distinctive bat-like look. They have a short coat that can come in a variety of colors, usually tan, cream, gray, or brindle. French Bulldogs have a friendly and personable disposition, making them an ideal companion for families. Frenchie owners should be aware of the potential for hair loss due to allergies, parasites, and endocrine diseases. Regular visits to the veterinarian for check-ups and vaccinations are essential for ensuring that your Frenchie stays healthy and free of any issues. Parasites, and endocrine diseases are some of the most common culprits. Allergies can be caused by environmental irritants, like pollen or household cleaners, or by certain foods. Like mites or fleas, can cause irritation leading to hair loss. Endocrine diseases are caused by a disruption of hormones in the body, leading to hair loss. There are steps you can take to prevent hair loss in your Frenchie. Make sure to keep them away from allergens, keep them up-to-date on flea and tick treatments, and have your veterinarian regularly check for any signs of endocrine disease. You should also keep an eye out for any signs of irritation or itchiness, as these can be telltale signs of a potential problem. Catching hair loss early can help prevent it from becoming a bigger issue. Allergies Allergies are a common cause of hair loss in French Bulldogs. Dogs can be allergic to food ingredients, inhaled allergens, and even contact allergens. If your Frenchie has an allergic reaction, they can experience skin irritation, hair loss, and excessive scratching. To tell if they have an allergy, look out for symptoms such as red and inflamed skin, excessive scratching and biting, and bald patches in the fur. If your Frenchie has any of these symptoms, it would be a good idea to take them to the vet to find out the cause and get the right treatment. Try to keep your pup away from any potential allergens such as dust, pollen, and smoke. You should also make sure that your Frenchie is on a healthy diet as this can help prevent allergies. This can involve changing their diet, using topical treatments, or taking medication. French Bulldogs can suffer from a wide range of allergies that can cause hair loss. Common environmental allergies that can cause hair loss in French Bulldogs include dust mites, mold, and pollen. Food allergies, such as wheat and corn, can also cause hair loss in French Bulldogs. You can tell if your Frenchie has an allergy if you notice that he or she scratches excessively or is losing patches or clumps of hair. A vet can test your Frenchie for specific allergies. Parasites can also cause hair loss in French Bulldogs. Common parasites include fleas and ticks, which feed off of the blood of your Frenchie. An infestation of fleas and ticks can cause your Frenchie to lose patches of hair. If you find any, take your Frenchie to the vet to be checked. Endocrine diseases such as hypothyroidism can also cause hair loss in French Bulldogs. If your Frenchie has an endocrine disease, they may lose patches of hair, have dry and flaky skin, or have an abnormally slow heartbeat. A blood test can determine if your Frenchie has an endocrine disease. If your Frenchie is diagnosed with one, they may need to take medication or supplements to control the symptoms. Look out for common signs of allergies in your Frenchie, such as persistent scratching, redness, dry and itchy skin, hair loss, and hives. Pay attention to any changes in their behavior, attitude, and appetite. If your Frenchie seems uncomfortable, off its food, or is avoiding certain places or objects, they may have an allergy. Keep an eye out for changes in their environment or diet, as these could be causing an allergic reaction. If you see any of these signs, you should visit your vet to get your pooch checked out as soon as possible. Parasites Parasites are one of the most common causes of hair loss in French Bulldogs. Ticks, and mites are the most common parasites that can cause hair loss in your Frenchie. The best way to tell if your dog has parasites is to inspect their coat for any signs of flea dirt or bites, as well as to check for any unusual skin irritation or scratching. You should also keep your Frenchie up to date on their flea and tick preventative treatments, as well as perform regular checkups with a veterinarian. If you think that your Frenchie might have parasites, the best thing to do is to take them to the veterinarian for a diagnosis. Your vet will be able to determine if your dog has any parasites, as well as what type of parasite they might have. They may also recommend certain treatments, such as flea and tick preventatives or other medications, to help get rid of the parasites. Regularly inspect their coat, keep them up to date on parasite preventatives, and take them to the vet if you suspect they have parasites. These steps can help ensure that your Frenchie stays healthy and happy, and that their hair loss is kept to a minimum. Parasites such as fleas, ticks, and mites can cause your French Bulldog to experience hair loss. While fleas are the most common, ticks and mites can also be a culprit. When fleas bite your Frenchie, it can cause them to scratch and pull out their hair. If you notice your Frenchie scratching more than normal and see bumps or red patches on their skins, they may have a parasite. To check for parasites, you should inspect your dog, paying close attention to the skin around their neck, head, ears, and back. You should also feel for any bumps or irregular patches of fur. If you find any signs of parasites, you should take your Frenchie to the vet as soon as possible. See also Can Bulldogs Climb Stairs? And How to Train to Climb! The vet may recommend a medication or shampoo to help get rid of the parasites and prevent further hair loss. Taking preventive measures can also help to keep your French Bulldog healthy and free of parasites. Ensuring your dog gets adequate exercise and a balanced diet can go a long way in keeping them healthy and free of parasites. The most common way to determine if your French Bulldog has parasites is to take it to the vet for a physical examination. During the examination, the vet will look for signs of parasites, such as fleas, ticks, and mites. They may also draw blood to test for worms or other parasites. If your Frenchie has parasites, the vet will usually prescribe medication to treat them. If you notice bald spots, scabs or dry patches, or if your Frenchie has excessive scratching or licking of their skin, these can all be signs of parasites. If you think your Frenchie has parasites, you should take them to the vet right away. If any parasites are found, the vet will be able to recommend the appropriate treatment for your Frenchie. Endocrine Diseases Endocrine diseases can cause hair loss in French Bulldogs, just like allergies and parasites can. Look out for excessive drinking, frequent urination, weight loss, poor coat condition, and thinning hair. Any of these signs should be reported to your vet immediately. Both of these diseases can cause hair loss in French Bulldogs, though there are other issues that could also be at play. Keeping your pup groomed regularly and bathed frequently with a hypoallergenic shampoo can help keep allergies and parasites at bay. If you suspect your Frenchie might have an allergy or parasite, take them to the vet right away to get the right treatment and help prevent further hair loss. Endocrine diseases can cause significant hair loss in French Bulldogs. To tell if your Frenchie has an endocrine disease, look for physical symptoms such as dry and flaky skin, thinning fur, and excessive shedding. Other common symptoms include fatigue, weight gain, and heat intolerance. Take your pup to the vet for regular checkups and blood tests. Blood tests can tell you if your Frenchie has an endocrine disorder. This is enough to prevent endocrine diseases and hair loss. Avoid exposing your Frenchie to environmental factors or toxins that can trigger allergies or skin problems. You should look out for symptoms such as weight loss, excessive urination and thirst, skin changes, and changes in behavior. With proper care and attention, you can help ensure your Frenchie stays healthy and happy. Prevention Prevention is key when it comes to keeping your French Bulldog healthy and happy. One way you can reduce the risk of hair loss in your Frenchie is to stay on top of flea and tick prevention. Regularly check your pup for any signs of parasites and, if necessary, consult your vet for the best treatment option. Keep an eye out for any allergies your French Bulldog may develop. If you notice any signs of hair loss, it could be due to an allergic reaction. In this case, your vet may recommend an antihistamine to help alleviate the symptoms. With regular vet visits and a careful eye, you can help prevent hair loss in your French Bulldog! Preventing hair loss in your French Bulldog is an important part of responsible pet ownership. You can take steps to reduce the risk of your Frenchie developing this issue. Regularly check your pet for any signs of parasites or other conditions that could cause hair loss. If you find any, take your pet to the vet right away so they can be treated. Be sure to feed your Frenchie a healthy diet that includes essential vitamins and nutrients. This will help keep their coat and skin in optimal condition. Keep your Frenchie away from any substances that may cause allergies. Taking these preventative measures can go a long way in helping to prevent hair loss in your French Bulldog. Conclusion Preventing hair loss in your French Bulldog is fairly simple if you stay on top of it. Parasites, and endocrine diseases are all possible culprits. If you suspect your Frenchie has an allergy, talk to your vet to get an allergy test or skin patch test. To tackle parasites, work with your vet to determine the best medication. Beyond that, there are a few things you can do at home. Make sure to feed your Frenchie a balanced diet to ensure their fur is getting the proper nutrients. Post Views: .Scaled skin Hair loss Your vet should have no trouble diagnosing mange since the symptoms are obvious. The good news is, the condition can be treated. Your Frenchie will receive oral antibiotics, a topical cream, and a special shampoo — and get better real soon. This area is easily irritated and prone to bleeding. However, you must address the behavioral and psychological causes of this condition, too. It can be over-production or under-production of a particular hormone, such as estrogen, testosterone, or thyroxin. In such cases, a dog can have dull, thinning hair or an unusual smell or color of the skin. These infections can be: Parasitic Fungal These infections are often caused by an immune system disorder. The most common infection in dogs is called folliculitis. The treatment should address the underlying causes as well as relieve the symptoms. The latter is generally achieved through the application of topical creams and antimicrobial shampoos. Being highly contagious, ringworm is a common occurrence, as well. Dogs commonly pick the ringworm up while digging in the dirt — especially if they already have a minor injury on their paws or head. The condition is treated with an anti-fungal shampoo and topical medications. It usually takes a couple of weeks. Important Note About Hair Loss Treatment If you think your French Bulldog might have any of the listed conditions, visit a vet for a proper diagnosis and timely treatment. Do not try to treat any medical conditions on your own! Once you get the correct treatment course from a licensed vet, be sure to follow through with it. If left untreated, some of these conditions could even be fatal. Final words Frenchies have a short, fine coat that they shed a couple of times a year. Regular grooming and brushing can help, though. Luckily, this is regular seasonal hair loss — and thus, no cause for concern. As for problematic, out-of-the-ordinary hair loss, you must address it as soon as possible. If you notice any patches and bald spots in isolated areas, take your dog to the vet immediately. The sooner you start treatment, the less room there is for complications. When not writing, he enjoys hiking and time in nature with his pets. Flea 2. Physiologically, a major contributor is excessive licking. Frenchie tends to resort to this when they are bored, stressed or anxious. When you allow your Frenchie to engage in this, the enzymes from the saliva they release can cause an irritation, which gives rise to a localized dermatitis and may become generalized over time. While a human being who is allergic may exhibit such symptoms as watering of the eyes, a runny nose or even itchy skin, Frenchies that are allergic show signs on their skin and ears. Basically, by excessive scratching due to the itchy skin or chewing of the hair in an effort to relieve themselves. Watch out for the following things that your Frenchie can be allergic to: i. Foods ii. Inhaled Allergens iii. Other materials One of the most common allergies in dogs, not particular to Frenchies is Flea allergy. So, check to see that your French bulldog is free of this. There are different species of mites what cause mange to Frenchie; it is the Demodex species which cause the Demodectic mange, or the Sarcoptes species which cause the Sarcoptic mange. Demodectic mange is usually localized on one spot of an infected Frenchie while the Sarcoptic mange is much more general on the body of the infected dog, it is also contagious to humans, unlike the demodectic mange. If these hormones get to a certain level, high or low, either by over-production or by under-production, it is considered to be abnormal and therefore can cause hair loss in French Bulldogs. One of the most common hormonal problems that can cause hair loss in French Bulldogs is called Hypothyroidism, which occurs when the canine thyroid gland is not functioning properly and thus produces hormones below the normal level. This hormonal problem can rapidly increase the rate of hair loss and cause the hair to become brittle and dry. For example, dogs with inflammatory bowel disease, cancer, or who are undergoing regular chemotherapy, often have dull and thinning hair. Frenchie that have kidney failure can be observed to have unkempt, dull coats and may have a musty smell coming from their skin. For dogs with liver failure, they may have orange-yellow skin and nails that grow but are flaky and brittle. These are some common causes of Hair Loss for French Bulldog. Do you know more and you'll like to add to advance this knowledge? Please, leave us a comment below. Thanks for reading. But just like any other furry friend, they also shed. Dogs normally shed hair to get rid of extra or damaged hair and to cool down during the summer months. However, if you notice that your Frenchie is shedding more hair than usual, they might be suffering from a skin condition. Is it normal for a French Bulldog to lose hair? As I mentioned in the intro, hair loss is a common process for all dog breeds as they shed. Why is my French Bulldog losing hair? There are several different reasons as to why a French Bulldog loses hair. Here are the primary ones: Food irritants — know what you are feeding your dog all the time and avoid foods that may cause allergies. Environmental irritants — pollens and other airborne irritants can cause skin conditions for Frenchies. Hot spot or acute moist dermatitis — a condition that is common to all canines but especially Frenchies who develop moisture in their skin folds. Chronic dry skin — caused by too much bathing. Dandruff — hair dandruff caused by allergens inside your house. Skin allergies due to food and environmental irritants are the most common reasons why French Bulldogs lose hair. You will know if your Frenchie is having an allergy issue if they start licking or chewing their paws constantly, rubbing their face for no reason on the ground, or scratching non-stop at their ears Because of the folds in their skin especially on the lower jaw, French Bulldogs also develop lip-fold pyoderma, a bacteria, and yeast infection due to the constant moistness in the folded area. A severe lip-fold pyoderma can cause their skin to redden and it can spread and lead to hair loss. To reduce the chance of hair loss on your French Bulldog, give your furry friend these three things — routine care , good diet , and enough exercise. Routine care — Treat your Frenchie like your own child. Be sure to brush their hair regularly, check their wrinkles for moisture or yeast infections, and keep them away from typical food or environmental irritants as much as possible. Good diet — Feed your French Bulldog a lean diet which is free from typical food irritants that cause allergies. If they are acting strange and scratching their skin constantly, check with your veterinarian. Wrapping up There is no need to wait for your dog to start having hot spots and dry patches before visiting a veterinarian. If you think your French Bulldog is shedding more hair than usual and has been vigorously scratching, start checking for possible causes. If you are not feeding it anything out of the ordinary, check the environment your pup is playing in. Pin 0 Shares All breeds of dog shed their hair, and even short-haired breeds like Frenchies can shed a lot, more so depending on the time of year. I put these notes together for you to act as a primer before you talk to the vet — which of course, you should do any time you notice hair loss patches and unusual bald spots on your Frenchie. I will explain in as a helpful a way as possible all I know about French Bulldog hair loss and what I have learned about Frenchie alopecia. Why is my French Bulldog losing so much hair? Once you rule that out, you can then explore the possibility of bald spots and alopecia due to entirely different reasons. You can see what it looks like in a video on our French Bulldog YouTube channel. Why Frenchies lose their hair by shedding Frenchies will lose their undercoat hair about twice a year; replacing their thinner or thicker coats for summer or wintertime. However, if your Frenchie is losing more hair than is normal, then it could be a sign of a skin condition , allergies or another medical condition. The bottom line is, you should always talk to your vet for a professional opinion, but there are some tell-tale signs that your Frenchie is losing hair for a different reason. It could be that you see bald patches and bald spots that were not there before? But why is your French Bulldog losing so much hair? Is there anything wrong? And is there anything you can do about it? There are many reasons your French Bulldog could be suffering from hair loss, all of which a vet would check for during an appointment. These include: 1. Allergies Like humans, Frenchies can also suffer from a range of allergies to different materials, environmental factors, or food. This can lead to skin irritations, causing them to scratch , bite and chewing on their fur, leading to hair loss. Common allergies include plastic and latex materials, dyeing agents, cleaning products, plants, antibiotics or certain ingredients in types of dog food. Acute moist dermatitis is often caused by moisture and dampness in folds of skin, especially around the neck area. You might see your French Bulldog losing hair on sides of the mouth and neck area bald spots. Mange Mange can be a scary word for many Frenchie owners, conjuring images or scabbed and furless dogs, but it is actually quite a common condition, being highly contagious between dogs. Sarcoptic mange or canine scabies is the most common of the two and is highly contagious. It causes intense itching and, as a result of scratching, dogs suffer open sores, scabs and hair loss. The good news is, that mange is easily treated using oral antibiotics and topical creams and shampoos. Your vet will be able to diagnose mange within seconds of seeing your Frenchie, hair loss being one of the obvious signs. Stress related hair loss When a dog is anxious, restless or just bored, they can find a release of some of that excess energy through licking themselves and things around them. Handy Hint: Often Frenchies will create bald patches due to licking when stressed with separation anxiety. Often found on the lower parts of their legs, it results in a red patch of furless skin, which can often become irritated or even begin to bleed. If you see French Bulldog alopecia on their flanks, this is what the hair loss could be. The dermatitis and infection can be treated with antibiotics, anti-lick strips and topical medicines, whilst the behavioral and psychological cause can be helped through training, more interaction with the animal and longer walks to relieve their excess energy. Hormones Just like humans, Frenchies can suffer from hormonal imbalances, such as the over-production or under-production of oestrogen, testosterone, thyroxin or other hormones, which can cause hair loss among other symptoms. One of the most common causes, however, is hypothyroidism, caused through a malfunction in the canine thyroid gland; this can be treated with an oral hormone replacement medication, such as thyroxine. Hormonal imbalances can result in hair loss patches and bald spots on areas such as the back, tail, around the mouth, sides of the body, and around the eyes. Abnormal organ functions While it is rarer, other things that causes hair loss in French Bulldogs can be problems with their internal organs, such as kidneys, liver, and intestines. Health issues like bowel disease, kidney failure, and liver failure can cause dull, thinning hair liver failure also causing orange-yellow skin, and kidney failure is accompanied by a musty smell to their coats. Bacterial infection French Bulldogs can also lose their hair due to parasitic infections like as ringworm, or bacterial and fungal infections like folliculitis. Sometimes caused by previously mentioned forms of dermatitis and immune system disorders, folliculitis shows itself through a collection of red swellings around the hair follicles but can be treated with topical creams and antimicrobial shampoos as well as treatment to any underlying cause. Ringworm appears in lesions on the head, ears, and paws of a dog, and if often picked up when your dog is digging around in the dirt where the fungus resides. Ringworm is easily tested for and can be treated with an anti-fungal shampoo and topical medication over the course of a couple of weeks. If you are concerned that your dog may have any of the above conditions or are just worried about possible causes of French Bulldog hair loss, always visit your vet for a proper, medical opinion and diagnosis before taking any steps to treating your pet yourself. How to treat hair loss in a French Bulldog Some of these conditions, when left untreated, can cause harm to your Frenchie. In more serious cases, hair loss can often be the sign of a fatal disease so needs to be checked out by a professional. Once you have a diagnosis from a licensed vet, they will often prescribe a medical hair loss treatment for your Frenchie, ranging from topical creams and hydrocortisone shampoos to hormone treatment and antibiotics. Change their diet If your Frenchie has an allergy to a particular ingredient in dog food, then the obvious remedy is to change what you are feeding them. Natural topical remedies There are some common kitchen ingredients that you might already have that can help relieve the itching from dry skin conditions. By relieving the itching, you can reduce the hair loss and bald patches from scratching and licking. Some dog owners say lemon juice helps. It contains anti-fungal and anti-bacterial properties, as does apple cider vinegar, which can also help to boost the immune system. To use it, simply dilute the lemon juice or vinegar in warm water, before dipping a cotton ball into the mixture and applying it to the affected bald patch. Regular brushing will help to keep the hair healthy and could lead to a reduction in how much hair your French Bulldog loses each day. Use a humidifier Room humidifiers can really help a dog with dry and itchy skin, meaning less scratching, thus reduced hair loss. More about French Bulldog bald spots French bulldogs with hair loss behind ears Mites are a common cause of hair loss in Frenchies, even those with shorter fur, and one of the common symptoms of a mite or tick infestation in your dog is fur loss behind their ears. Ear mites are an extremely common and highly contagious species of mite in cats and dogs, causing scabbed skin around the back of their ears, as well as lesions from your pet constantly scratching to relieve the itching sensation. These open wounds can also lead to bacterial infections, resulting in crusting and discharge of pus, which may have to be treated separately. It is important that the mite infestation is treated, as it is the root cause. Once the mites have been got rid of, the scratching and skin lesions will often resolve themselves with a little topical treatment. After a few weeks you might then see the hair loss behind the ears grow back to what it used to be before the mites took hold. However, it can also be a sign of allergies. Often, allergies or skin issues can begin around the eyes and ears of your dog, before spreading outwards around the body. Common signs of discomfort around their eyes include rubbing their faces against things, excessive scratching of a particular area, eye-watering, sneezing and a runny nose. If your Frenchie is losing patches of hair around their eyes, be sure to check for any open sores and raw skin which can be a sign of dermatitis , as well as lesions and scaly skin in localized areas a symptom of ringworm. The definition of French Bulldog alopecia While it may sound like a terrible skin condition, alopecia is actually just the name for seasonal baldness. Often found in breeds of French, American and British Bulldogs, this type of hair loss is completely natural and is caused by changes in the seasons. Shorter periods of sunlight during the day triggers their hormones to regrow their fur into a thicker coat, ready for the approach of winter, and then back again for a thinner summer coat. Because of this, French Bulldog baldness and hair loss does not result in any skin conditions, dryness or itching, and is purely just a change in outward appearance and over time the hair will grow back. When seasonal baldness comes into effect, you may notice these bald patches are far darker than the rest of their skin, resulting from hyperpigmentation. This is usually seen around their flanks and hind legs, but after a while, the hair will regrow and cover the area. Conclusion Despite Frenchies only having a very short, fine coat and only losing their undercoat a couple of times a year, they do produce a lot of hair. This will often be mistaken for problematic hair loss — which instead is typically when you see patches and bald spots in isolated areas rather than uniform hair loss with natural shedding. This means that your dog still can live a happy, fulfilling life even with these medical challenges. If so, they might have pressure sores. Pressure sores, also known as bedsores or decubital ulcers, occur most often in senior dogs, large breeds, or heavy breeds. These calluses lead to thicker skin and hair loss. Older and heavier dogs are more likely to experience pressure sores simply because they are less active and oftentimes have less muscle mass. Although sometimes tricky, these sores can be prevented, and the symptoms can be alleviated. Genetics Just like with humans, genetics plays a role in hair loss in dogs. Other dog breeds simply experience patchy hair or baldness on different parts of their body, such as the chest, back, thigh, or neck. Typically, this type of hair loss occurs after the dog reaches one year old. Infection or Infestation These words sound scary, and the resulting hair loss or skin conditions can look even scarier. Hair loss from infection or infestation can be caused by ringworm fungus, mange mites, fleas, parasites, ticks, and bacteria. In fact, fleas and mites are oftentimes the most common culprits behind hair loss and allergic reactions. These pests cause irritation, which is often misdiagnosed as an allergic reaction resulting in unnecessary treatments such as steroids. While many dogs will lick, bite, and scratch at the infected skin, resulting in wide-spread hair loss, there are additional signs and symptoms to watch out for. Some signs your dog might be experiencing an infection or infestation are as follows: Hair loss around the ears, eyes, and mouth Oily skin.

How Much Does a Labrador Cost? And, this is just the upfront cost of the puppy. This includes the cost of food, veterinary bills, grooming, bedding, and so on. Labrador puppy costs depend on a few factors. Quality of the breeder Quality of the parent dogs Type of Labrador eg. For instance, puppy prices tend to be higher before Christmas, so buy a puppy in the spring, instead. Originally, black Labs were favored above other colors. Brown and yellow Labs were extremely uncommon, and were not at all desirable. Over time, this opinion changed and brown and yellow Labs became more accepted. Shooting communities still tend to prefer the black Lab, but yellow Labs are very common in other working roles, like as therapy dogs and guide dogs. On the whole, each official Labrador color will cost a similar amount. But, yellow and brown Labs may cost slightly more than black Labs, since the genes that cause their coloring are recessive and therefore are less common. Non-Standard Colors Labrador costs can be hugely increased or reduced by non standard colors or patterns. For instance, dilute shades or mismarks. Dilute coloring is recessive and highly controversial in the Labrador community. The genes that cause these shades will dilute pigmentation, turning black Labs into charcoal Labs, chocolate Labs into silver Labs, and yellow Labs into champagne Labs. Some believe this color results from cross-breeding. But, others believe the recessive genes simply remained hidden over generations, like original yellow and chocolate coloring. Dilute colors are not accepted in the official breed standard. So, many breeders will not adjust their price, and may even lower it for unexpected dilute puppies. The same is the case with mismarks. Mismarks can include white patches and spots, brindling, and even tan markings. Extensive mismarks will disqualify a Lab from show. Show type Labs are bred to fit the Labrador breed standard. They are usually slightly stockier and less active than field types. Field types are more often bred for their working ability than for any specific appearance. Labradors cost more when they are bred to show standards. Field Labs tend to be cheaper than Labradors bred for show. But, you should consider which type is best for you, rather than just going for the cheapest Labrador you can find. Field type Labs can be much more energetic and active than show types. First time owners may find the English Lab slightly easier to raise and train! Conversely, Labrador costs can be highest with field trial champion bred dogs that are likely to win awards. Labrador Costs From Breeders vs Shelters Labrador puppies from reputable breeders will cost more than dogs from a rescue center. Whilst Labs from breeders can cost thousands of dollars, Labradors from rescue centers can only be a few hundred dollars. A major difference between Labs from a breeder and Labs from a rescue center is the history of the dogs. Puppies from a breeder will stay with their mom and siblings until 8 weeks old. At 8 weeks, puppies can go to their new home. Rescue center dogs can have unknown histories, or even histories that involve abuse. Labs from rescue centers are usually older, and have often lived with other families. However, many Labs are given up for non-behavioral reasons. They can be just as wonderful pets as puppies from a breeder. And, many dogs from rescue centers will have basic training, including house training, obedience, and potentially recall. Why Are Breeders So Expensive? Reputable breeders tend to cost more than any other puppy source. Breeders have to spend a lot when breeding a litter, and all of this will lower their profit margins. Labrador breeding costs include: Health testing and certificates. Less - The Labrador Retriever is a medium to large-sized , short-coupled, powerfully-built dog with a short, dense, water-resistant coat; small, drop ears; and a short, thick otter-like tail carried level with the back or with a slight upward curve. The length of body is equal to or only slightly longer than the height at the withers, and the distance from the elbows to the ground is equal to one-half the height at the withers. Balance, outline, intelligence, temperament and movement are of overriding importance. The Labrador Retriever is a breed of moderation, thoroughly sound, and willing and able to do its work. The Labrador Retriever is a dog without exaggeration, so light, weedy dogs; long, low-stationed dogs; and cloddy, lumbering dogs are to be equally penalized. The Labrador Retriever is an enthusiastic hunter with a good nose and a soft mouth. They excel in all performance activities. Another essential characteristic of the Labrador Retriever is the short, dense, double coat that protects the dog when retrieving from water. Labrador Retrievers are noted for their excellent temperaments. This breed is friendly, outgoing and eager to please. They are extremely intelligent and easily trained to perform a variety of complex tasks. These dogs were brought to England, probably on fishing boats. Originally black in color, the first recorded yellow Labrador appeared in a litter born in .Chocolates were also recorded at about the same time, but never achieved the same level of popularity as the blacks and yellows. Originally bred to retrieve from water, the modern Labrador Retriever has proven to be one of the most versatile breeds, excelling in hunt tests and field trials, in obedience and agility events, and also as service dogs. Life Span Did You Know? Black Labrador Retrievers, or just Black Labs, are a common coat color variation of one of the most popular dog breeds. The Black Labrador Retriever is not necessarily a separate dog breed. Black Labs are still Labrador Retrievers; they just have a distinct coat color that is a specifically-bred characteristic. Like other Labrador Retrievers, Black Labs are energetic, playful, and affectionate dogs that make great family companions. Although they are active and energetic dogs, Labs are also known for their gentleness and patience with other family members. Well-socialized Black Labs tend to get along well with just about everyone including children, other dogs, pets, and even strangers. They are considered one of the kid-friendly dog breeds. As one of the most affectionate dog breeds , Black Labs thrive on attention, especially from their favorite humans. They are happiest when they are spending time with their families and receiving affection and attention from them. Despite their high energy, Labs are highly adaptable dogs. They do tend to be better suited to homes with fenced yards where they can run, but they also adapt well to apartments provided they get enough daily exercise, attention, and mental stimulation. They do well in just about any climate, but are sensitive to heat and extreme cold like many dog breeds. As such, they do not like to spend long periods of time alone. Potential health concerns to be aware of in a Black Labrador Retriever can include elbow dysplasia , hip dysplasia, heart disease, hereditary myopathy, cataracts, and progressive retinal atrophy. Another potential health concern is EIC exercise-induced collapse , which can occur in young adult Labs and has a genetic link. Because carriers can be identified by DNA tests, it is recommended that breeders test for them. Good breeding practices make a big difference in the health of puppies and reputable breeders will screen their dogs to avoid passing preventable issues to puppies. Make sure you talk to the breeder about the health and genetic history of both parents. You can also ask about any health tests or clearances that have been done. As a large, deep-chested dog breed, Labrador Retrievers are at a higher risk for bloat. Labrador Retrievers are one of the best dog breeds for first-time owners. Although their high energy and puppylike exuberance can sometimes be a challenge, they are intelligent dogs that are eager to please. As long as training is kept consistent and focused on positive rewards and praise, novice owners still tend to do well with Black Labs. Puppy training classes are always an option and offer plenty of benefits aside from training too. Black Labs have a short, water-resistant double coat that sheds year-round and sheds heavier as seasons change. Depending on how active your Black Lab is and what they get into, they may need a bath more often, especially if they are swimming a lot. Weekly ear checks and careful cleanings when needed help prevent ear infections. Good dental care for dogs , like daily brushing and cleanings at the vet when needed, can help prevent painful dental diseases later in life. As one of the most active dog breeds , a Black Labrador Retriever will need a lot of daily activity to be happy and healthy. Daily walks plus some playtime and time to run are a minimum. Your Black Lab will likely be up for more activity if you are. One of the facts about Labrador Retrievers is that they have an extended puppyhood. They tend to maintain a puppylike exuberance until they are years old. Although they do tend to mellow out as they get older, they are still active, energetic, and playful dogs. Once they are fully grown, you can try other things like hiking, running, dock diving, and more to find other activities you and your Black Lab can enjoy together. Fully-grown Black Labrador Retrievers usually stand inches tall and weigh pounds. Black Labs generally live for years on average. Black Labrador Retrievers came before the also-popular Chocolate Lab. All modern Chocolate Labs can be traced back to three Black Labs in the s. It was the December issue of .Featured Black Labrador Retriever Article.

Spayed or Neutered, Story Meet Fae, the one-of-a-kind female dog who's sure to steal your heart! With her unique appearance and a touch of aloofness, Fae is a gem waiting to be discovered. She might be unsure of how to act at times, but her default mode is to lay down and charm you. Fae's past as a stray remains a mystery, but what we do know is that she's a cuddler who can't help but make the cutest snorting noises when excited. Fae's journey at the shelter has revealed her playful side, particularly with other energetic dogs. She enjoys engaging in rough play, making her a perfect match for companions who share her lively style. While Fae occasionally jumps with enthusiasm in her kennel, she's a breeze to leash and has a mild reactivity when walking around other dogs. She's got basic commands down pat-sit, down-and takes treats gently. If you have dogs or cats, we recommend slow introductions over time. If you have children in your home, we recommend supervision between animals and children at all times. If you're interested in learning more about Fae, please reach out to our Volunteer Matchmakers at wcac. Home robert babybullboxers. We have always had boxers in our lives and have bred high quality Champion bloodline for 33 years now. We breed out of love for boxers. All our boxers are fully health tested and DNA certified. All our puppies come with a one year health guarantee. We do all we can to provide our boxer owners with a great companion. Always keep things real! We put a lot of time and effort into our boxer puppies, because it is simply the right thing to do. Our breeding program is all about quality. We focus on impressive qualities for potential improvement in our breeding program. Raising boxer puppies is no walk in the park. It takes a lot of hard work, love and care. We believe that a boxer is just as big a part of the family as anyone else. We meet the families and try to form a relationship with our boxer puppy owners for life. We love to receive photos and to hear how our puppies are doing and will always be an available point of contact for all our puppy owners. Contact us for more information or questions. All boxer puppies are raised with other boxers and are well socialized. All boxer puppies come with Champion bloodlines pedigree, tails docked, dewclaws removed, dewormed, first vaccinations, AKC registration and a Vet Health Certificate before they go to their new homes. You will not find a more loyal and loving companion for your family than the boxer. Our puppy application is very easy to fill out and puts you one step closer to the puppy of your dreams.

Visit our instagram page or send us a message through facebook, instagram, or text. If you don't find the puppy you're looking for in our Available Puppies section, please contact us. We might have some younger or newborn babies with the traits you want! Our prices are shown as Pet prices family dog and companion pet , but if you're a breeder and you want to add one of our puppies to your program we also offer full breeding rights AKC registration. However, depending on age, some puppies may need vaccine reinforcements after purchase and delivery. Buyers are also responsible for providing the rabies vaccine, which must be administered at 5 months of age. Deposits are non-refundable, but can be transferred to another available puppy of your choosing if you change your mind. Be aware that some apps have a daily limit and we will need the entire payment before you can keep the puppy. All sales are final. For Texas-based dog lovers, we can meet halfway depending on your location. If you are out of state we offer airport pickups or nanny service for full delivery. We can always arrange transport to help you get your perfect puppy anywhere you are. Contact us by phone, message, Facebook, Social Media or email. All social media is linked below! Although spaying or neutering is not compulsory, it is highly advisable to spay your French Bulldog. This will help to decrease its chances of getting certain kinds of cancer. It also prevents the risk of unwanted breeding between your French Bulldog and any nearby dog. Are French Bulldogs Aggressive? French Bulldogs have the potential to be aggressive. However, they are not usually aggressive unless they are trained that way. It is important to note that they may show aggression towards other dogs or smaller animals. Owners should watch out for signs of aggression and nip them in the bud. What is the life expectancy of a French Bulldog? With a proper diet and nutrition, French Bulldogs can live for up to eleven or thirteen years. Can French Bulldogs eat raw meat? French Bulldogs can eat raw meat such as chicken, liver or kidney. They could also eat canned, dry food. What is the difference between a French Bulldog and an English Bulldog? French Bulldogs and English Bulldogs are quite similar but different at the same time. English bulldogs are bigger while the French Bulldog is considerably smaller. French Bulldogs also have upright pointy ears whereas the English breed has folded ears. Do I have to worry about fleas with French Bulldogs? Just like all other breeds, French Bulldogs can get fleas. If they do get fleas, this can be solved by getting flea medicine or using a flea comb to get rid of the fleas. How do you deal with separation anxiety in French Bulldogs? French Bulldogs are very prone to separation anxiety. To curb this, owners can crate train their dogs or provide them with chew toys. What is the best way to train your French Bulldog? Crate training is one of the best ways to train your French Bulldog. It helps to create good and positive behavior in your Frenchie and could be a fun place for it to rest. Are French Bulldogs children-friendly? French Bulldogs are not the best option for kids. However, if they grow up surrounded by children, the risk could be lessened. They should not be left unsupervised around kids. How big are French Bulldogs? The French Bulldog is about 11 or 12 inches tall and weighs an average of pounds. Are you interested in purchasing a French Bulldog? Fill out the below form and we'll get back to you as soon as possible. Welcoming a new puppy into your home is an exciting time filled with joy, cuddles, and a few inevitable challenges. One of the most common questions new puppy owners ask is, "When can puppies go outside? Table of Contents Easiest Dog to Take Care of: Top 10 Breeds for a Happy Home Do you ever dream about having a furry best friend who loves to play fetch, gives the warmest cuddles, and greets you with the happiest tail wags every time you come home? A friend who is not just any dog, but the easiest dog to take care of? We know, it sounds like a dream come true, right? But we also understand that bringing a new puppy home is a big step. It's like adding a new member to your family, a little brother or sister.All French Bulldog Insights French Bulldog Breed Info If you're seeking an adorable companion with a charmingly squashed face, an easygoing personality, and a distinct penchant for lounging on the couch, the French Bulldog could just be your perfect match. With their signature bat ears and expressive eyes, French Bulldogs, or "Frenchies" as they are lovingly known, have captured the hearts of many dog lovers around the globe, consistently ranking among the most popular breeds. Renowned for their easy maintenance and the ability to thrive in apartment living, French Bulldogs are a city dweller's delight. Their small size, typically weighing under 28 pounds, makes them perfectly suited to compact urban spaces. However, their charming personalities and heartwarming companionship are universally loved, irrespective of city or countryside living. This breed's laid-back nature does not mean they're devoid of fun and play. On the contrary, French Bulldogs can be quite playful and are known for their often comical and entertaining antics, which only further endears them to their owners. Their affectionate demeanor, combined with a remarkably low barking tendency, makes them a joy to have around the house. French Bulldogs are sturdy, compact, and stocky, with a powerful muscular build that contradicts their small size. They have a smooth coat that comes in a variety of colors, from fawn and brindle to white and grey. Their facial expressions are human-like, and they're known to "talk" using a complex system of yawns, yips, and gargles. However, owning a French Bulldog does come with responsibilities. Their brachycephalic short-nosed nature makes them prone to certain health issues and less tolerant of extreme temperatures. Despite their muscular appearance, they are not the best swimmers, and care should be taken around bodies of water. We have answers. All you need to do is take a look at the gorgeous San Antonio French Bulldogs for sale on our site, plus expand your search to cover other areas of the US if you like. If you see a puppy you like the look of, simply connect with the business posting the add and take it from there. What kind of dog is a French Bulldog? The French Bulldog puppies for sale San Antonio on Uptown are tiny little dogs with big personalities. These little dogs are a little bit silly, a lot affectionate, and masters at getting their owners to obey their every bark! French Bulldog puppies San Antonio are descended from the larger English Bulldog, but these days Frenchies are way more popular! Why are French Bulldogs expensive? French Bulldog breeders in San Antonio and anywhere else need to include a few extra steps in their breeding programs compared to most other breeds. The small pelvis of a Frenchie means that firstly, thay have to be artificially inseminated and secondly, puppies must be born by C-section. The higher price of Frenchie puppies compared to other breeds is down to these extra expenses that French Bulldog breeders San Antonio have to cover. Can I meet my puppy before I buy them? How do you deal with transparency of breeders of French Bulldogs for sale in San Antonio? We check that each business with French Bulldogs for sale San Antonio meets our high standards. How do I know my puppy will be healthy? The companies we work with are fully committed to taking care of their puppies' health. That means each pup will have a full veterinary examination, from their sweet nose to the tip of their tail, and you can get copies of their results. Of course, we always recommend taking your puppy for a checkup with your local veterinarian once you welcome them home. Do you recommend a specific type of food for French Bulldogs? Some pups may need a diet formulation, others will be just fine with a standard, high-quality brand. Do you sell cheap puppies? None of the companies in our network set out to produce cheap puppies. How much exercise does a French Bulldog need? Between 20 to 30 minutes exercise per day will be enough for these little pups. The flat face of Frenchies means they can have trouble breathing in hot or humid weather, so shorter walks and more time in a cool space is required in summer. Is the French Bulldog a good family dog? Each French Bulldog for sale San Antonio is waiting to find their forever family. These affectionate pups love plenty of cuddles, and to be involved in every adventure their family takes.

Description: German Shepherds were developed in Germany from traditional herding and farm dogs. Until the s the breed was known as the Alsatian in the United Kingdom. The German Shepherds are medium to large-sized dogs, well-balanced, muscular dogs, slightly longer than tall. Most shepherds are often used as working dogs for the police and armed forces. They are confident and fearless, willing to be approached, yet a certain level of aloofness towards strangers is acceptable. They come with a medium-length coat, erect ears, and a low-set natural tail that normally reaches to the hock and is carried in a slight curve like a saber. Grooming The German Shepherd Dog has a medium-length, double coat consisting of a dense, harsh, and close-lying outer coat with a softer undercoat. Their outline is made up of smooth curves rather than angles. The head is in proportion to the size of the body, strong without appearing coarse or fine. A brush or comb down a few times a week to keep their coat looking healthy. You can bathe your dog once a week. Training Early socialization and puppy training classes are vital. They need plenty of exercises to keep them happy and occupied and continuing obedience training will help ensure that the pup will grow to be an adaptable and well-mannered adult. Food and Nutrition splitting their daily allowance into two meals. If you give your dog the occasional treat or use treats for training. A high-quality dog food appropriate for the dog's age puppy, adult, or senior will have all the nutrients the breed needs. German Shepherds and barking As with any dog, they are likely to bark. Their main purpose was for herding and guarding. When working, the German Shepherd is alert and eager, adapting well to new tasks. The German Shepherd Dog is a large, agile, muscular dog of noble character and high intelligence. They are is the perfect dog for any family and will like to get some energy out every day but then lay down for a nap as well. Importance of dogs in Ghana Dogs are treasured pets, valued for their loyalty, companionship, and security benefits. Dogs are often used as guard dogs to protect homes, businesses, and communities. Dogs have been used for hunting in Ghana for centuries, and this tradition continues to this day. Some dogs in Ghana are trained as therapy dogs to provide support to patients in hospitals and care homes. Dogs are also used in search and rescue operations, where they help to locate missing persons and survivors of natural disasters. The price of a dog is determined by several factors, including the breed, age, gender, and location. One of the most popular dog breeds in Ghana is the German Shepherd. Another popular breed is the Rottweiler. Labrador Retrievers are also a popular breed in Ghana. Not all dog breeds in Ghana are expensive. Some local breeds are much more affordable. They are often found on the streets or in local markets. They are usually mixed breeds and can cost as low as GHS .Here is a table of the top 10 popular dog breeds in Ghana and their current price ranges. Waiting list already started. You can follow us on fb at BnM Shepherds, please contact directly via my email address for more details and photos at suzifarrell13 gmail. They will be ready to leave for there forever home. Five German Shepard straight back,long coat, KC registered puppies. Two girls available. Can be seen now, ready for new home from 27 August. These puppies will be brought up within the family home and are socialised to people and household noises. They will be kennel club registered. Last white beautiful big boy waiting for new home. Breed for health, type and temperament. Dam is our beloved family pet Savannah. Sire is quality handsome boy Kc Registered stud boy. Mum Rosey and dad Alfie are two beautiful white German Shepherds. We are pleased to offer for sale a beautiful litter of white German Shepherd puppies. Both parants are very loving, loyal and affectionate. The puppies will make very loving and affectionate family members. The puppies will be flea treated and wormed regularly. They will Techiman white german shepherd puppies Ghana. Too often, unsuspecting people buy puppies from puppy mills, or sometimes neighbors who breed their dog to make a little money or simply because they have a dog "with papers. A German Shepherd Dog who has genetic health problems due to poor breeding practices or who develops significant behavior problems due to a lack of early socialization can cost thousands of dollars to treat—and result in grief and heartache as well. The last place on earth that I would look for a German Shepherd Puppy is in a pet store. Any breeder that is forced to sell his puppies to a pet store has no credibility. This only indicates he has no reputation as a breeder and nowhere else to sell his dogs. The majority of the dogs that end up in pet stores come from puppy mills. Puppy mills are a legitimate despicable business in many states and countries. You are definitely at the right site to begin with. Always do your Homework! Use the contact form below the Breeders Ad that interests you and ask questions. Make sure that they offer a dog health guarantee. Bookmark and share this category: Classified Ads Top Tags.

Knowing that it is highly important to follow a regular vaccination schedule. That way, your Goldies may get all the potential benefits of the entire immunization process. Moreover, vaccinating the Golden Retriever puppy too often tends to be intuitive compared to giving him a combination vaccine on a one-time shot. Yet, all you need here as a pet owner is to have more patience. Unfortunately, chances are some vaccination cases may highly suppress the immune system of the puppy. And it may result to have more risks for other canine diseases. As early as 6 to 10 weeks old, some puppies started to get vaccinated. Actually, this is to ensure that the antibodies coming from the milk of their moms are still active. Moreover, the rabies vaccine usually starts to be injected into the pups at the age of 3 months or so. As innovation takes place, it also does something on the development of vaccines including the ones given to canines. Nowadays, there are available booster shots that are scheduled to be provided on an annual basis. However, the frequency of giving the booster shots yearly or if more harm is at risk than the good it may bring to the immune system is still on the hot seat. So, for that, it is always recommendable to consult the veterinarian and open your queries regarding the booster shots for the Golden Retrievers. The Importance of Golden Retriever Vaccine Schedule Okay, in humans, children are vaccinated in order to protect them from acquiring measles or chickenpox. For our furry buddy counterpart, vaccinating them can also prevent them from having a specific disease. They may be protected against distemper, rabies, and other diseases common in canines. That way, the system of the dog may create antibodies in order to ward off any infection. We may notice that there are some recommended vaccines and there are some vaccines that are optional to be injected into your Goldies. So, here is a detailed guideline about the core vaccinations needed by the Golden Retriever puppy. The core vaccines are generally important to be given for dogs especially during their puppyhood. Check what are those: 1-RABIES It is commonly a disease for dogs that are caused by a virus and it may generally lead to swelling of the brain. Generally, this disease is fatal and it can be passed by the dogs to humans most likely when dogs having this disease bite humans. Because of that, the rabies vaccine is the number one vaccine for canines that are required by the law. In case the Golden Retriever puppy has already been vaccinated for rabies, the Golden Retriever vaccine schedule should be done once per year. Or, you can also opt for a booster shot for rabies once every three years. The frequency of vaccination is actually based on the local laws. Because of that, the Golden Retriever puppy needs to be vaccinated with this as soon as 9 weeks old. Adverse reactions may be experienced by your Goldies when vaccinated with distemper but they are just rare. Moreover, the side effects typically appear if the Golden Retriever puppy is vaccinated lesser than 9 weeks old. Unlike the rabies vaccine, distemper does not require any booster shot. This is due to the reason that this vaccine will last until seven and a half years. However, the distemper has a combination shot with parvo vaccine which is known as the DHPP but, unfortunately, it is not regulated by the law. Dog specialists usually recommend the vaccination of two shots of DHPP for unvaccinated adult Goldies pups. This will be alienated by around two to four weeks. After one year, the Golden Retriever should be vaccinated with the booster shot of the DHPP and eventually every three years. However, the existing organizations do not vaccinate continuous shots of DHPP. Previously vaccinated adult canine has the ability to spend around greater than three years between DHPP. However, it is a condition of the dog that may seriously affect their liver and kidneys. Unfortunately, it may end up in chronic kidney problems and, worse, the death of canines. Golden Retrievers having hepatitis may have a slight fever, mucous membrane congestion, jaundice, enlargement of the stomach, vomiting, and pain in the liver. A mild form of canine hepatitis is easy to overcome by the Goldies, yet the severe one can really be fatal. No cure is available for canine hepatitis until now. However, veterinarians may able to mitigate the symptoms. It also attacks the GI tract of the Goldies which generally results in fever, loss of appetite, vomiting, and bloody diarrhea. Golden Retriever puppies having parvovirus may also experience damage to their heart muscles or other chronic heart conditions. Again, there is no cure for this on dogs, so it is very important to keep them hydrated and manage the secondary symptoms. This will generally help the pooch to go on until such time that the immune system of the dog can cope up with the illness. Spots are the usual symptoms of Lyme disease in dogs. Acquiring this, the dog may begin to experience limping, swelling of the lymph nodes, increase in temperature, and loss of appetite. Moreover, if left untreated, this may generally affect the heart and kidney organs of the Goldies as well. The good thing is that treatment is available for Lyme disease. Immediate diagnosis may be given with antibiotic treatment. The death rate due to this condition is also rare in dogs. So, vaccination for Lyme disease is not actually essential if you are not living in places where ticks are prevalent. Although not a core vaccine, this is highly recommended by most medical professionals to be given to dogs. The vaccine of Bordetella is generally helpful for dogs placed in kennels as they may acquire skin infection in such kind of environment. Moreover, Golden Retrievers are also prone to some skin problems so, to be safe, better to get a Golden Retriever vaccine schedule for this. In case you will place the dog in a kennel, it is recommended to give them a shot of Bordetella three days prior to getting inside the kennel. The vaccine will last for about six months but it will only protect the dog from three of the causes of Kennel Cough out of the eight. The coronavirus in canines typically targets the GI tract of the dog and may also have some effect on its respiratory system. So, symptoms may include loose stool, loss of appetite, and vomiting. Treatment generally involves hydrating the dog all the time, making them feel comfortable and warm, and relieving nausea. However, a specific drug is not present to totally eradicate the coronavirus inside the system of the dog. Those who are at higher risk for mortality are puppies under 12 weeks old. But, older than that, dogs may completely overcome the disease after few days. So, the coronavirus vaccine is not as necessary to be given to Goldies. Dogs may acquire this parasite from other infected dogs via fecal matter. In some instances, you will notice symptoms like diarrhea, abdominal pain, vomiting, and loss of appetite. The bacteria causing this disease in dogs are profound within the soil and water. Like rabies, this is also a zoonotic condition which means that the mode of transmission is from animals to humans. Higher risks for this disease are those dogs living on a farm or spending a lot of time inside the kennel. Golden Retriever Vaccine Schedule — Boosters and Titers for Adult Dogs Actually, giving booster shots to adult dogs on a yearly basis raise a concern and is a debatable topic in the canine world. Numbers of veterinarians strongly assume that adult dogs getting many vaccinations may put forth some health risks. However, some vets disagree on this, enunciating that annual vaccinations will help in the prevention of acquiring contagious diseases in dogs like the distemper. You will able to identify the kind of vaccination guidelines that may suitably work for you and your Golden Retriever. Moreover, some pet owners consider conducting titer tests prior to the administration of the yearly vaccinations for their pooch. Titer tests basically identify the level of immunity of your Goldies and may also help in determining the applicable vaccinations, if needed. However, excluding the rabies vaccine in performing a titer test. Generally, the law all over the United States requires the vaccination of rabies vaccination to dogs at a specific age. Ask your veterinarian for the rabies vaccine schedule based on your state. Cost of the Golden Retriever Vaccination Generally, like the need for vaccinating Goldies, the cost of Golden Retriever vaccination highly depends on certain factors. You may generally consider the location where you live. Actually, veterinarians residing in crowded and urban places charge more compared to vets located in a small town. So, definitely, there is price variation on the different vaccines for the Golden Retriever. Yet, regardless of the price range, the numbers of vaccines especially the core ones are highly necessary for administration. Yet, there are some clinics that also incorporate the cost of rabies vaccine with the core vaccines. Cost of vaccination on animal shelters: often, animal shelters charge vaccines for a lesser amount. In case you get your furry buddy on a shelter, the dog has vaccinations, most likely, until his present age of your acquisition to him. Final Thoughts The topic of vaccine schedules is still in debate among some veterinarians. Moreover, do not forget to give the core vaccines and administer them to the Goldies at the right age. Some vaccines, like rabies, require booster shots that have an annual schedule of up to three years as mandated by law. But, after all, subjecting your Golden Retriever to vaccinations may all worth it. The effort and care that you exert to your Goldie will gain reward in return through his lifelong compassion to you as his pet owner. So, make the critical years of his life enjoyable and exciting by giving him the proper care that he needs. What Shots Do Puppies Need Did you know that vaccines work the same for dogs as they do for you and me? By triggering the production of antibodies, vaccines allow the body the chance to build up immunity to a disease, virus, or bacteria. However, while vaccines are certainly effective, they do not make us immune to the possibility of contracting the illness we were vaccinated for—they just make us and our furry friends less likely to suffer severe symptoms. Puppy Pro Tip: Core vaccines are those which are recommended for all dogs, regardless of lifestyle factors. On the other hand, non-core vaccines are not necessarily recommended for all dogs, and are evaluated on a pup-by-pup basis by your vet; non-core vaccine recommendations are based on factors such as: lifestyle, health conditions, location, risk factors, etc. Bordetella Known to cause a highly infectious form of bronchitis in dogs, Bordetella is nothing to mess around with! Some pups become so ill from the bacterium that they suffer from serious side effects, including vomiting, seizures, and rarely death. The good news is, Bordetella can be avoided! Simply ask your vet about the different options for vaccination—which usually include a nasal spray or a traditional injectable vaccine. What makes distemper so contagious is the fact that it spreads easily through respiratory droplets in the air, as well as through shared water and food bowls that have been contaminated. For these reasons, the canine distemper vaccine is considered a core vaccine. The symptoms of distemper are often on the serious side and range from coughing and vomiting, to diarrhea, seizures, paralysis, and even death. Because there is no cure for canine distemper, the best thing you can do for your pet is vaccinate them! Hepatitis While unrelated to human hepatitis, canine hepatitis affects your pup in largely the same way—by attacking the liver, kidneys, lungs, eyes, and spleen. The symptoms can range from congestion and fever, to vomiting, stomach swelling, and severe liver pain. Like distemper, there is no official cure for canine hepatitis. Symptoms can often be managed in milder forms; however, more severe forms can be fatal. Because of the risk of fatality, this is considered a core vaccine. Additionally, this is considered a core vaccine. This infection is insidious, as the early stages produce no symptoms. However, in the later stages of the disease, a heartworm infection can cause breathing difficulties and lethargy in your pup. For the health of your pup, it is important to start the preventative medication as soon as your vet deems it appropriate to do so. Kennel Cough Also known as Infectious Tracheobronchitis, Kennel Cough is the all-encompassing name given to a set of symptoms that include dry, harsh coughing, and— occasionally—gagging, retching, and a loss of appetite. Rarely, it is fatal. Kennel cough is often caused by either Bordetella, Parainfluenza, or both. Kennel cough is highly contagious and can be transferred between dogs that are in close proximity. Leptospirosis Caused by a bacteria that exists naturally in soil and water all over the world, Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease— meaning, it can spread between animals and humans —that can have severe consequences. Serious side effects include diarrhea, vomiting, fever, weakness, infertility, and even kidney and liver failure. Lyme Disease As with humans, canine Lyme disease is contracted through a bite from an infected tick. In dogs, symptoms of infection can include swollen lymph nodes, fever, loss of appetite, and even limping. If left untreated, Lyme disease can lead to neurological disorders in your furry friend. There are antibiotics which can be administered if diagnosed quickly; however, if you have already received the vaccination, your pup has a much better chance of quick recovery. Parvo attacks the gastrointestinal tract and can lead to fever, vomiting, and bloody diarrhea. Because Parvo causes extreme dehydration in dogs, it can become fatal as early as hours after contracting it. Unfortunately, once Parvo is contracted, there is no cure. The serious symptoms— combined with the lack of a cure for Parvo— are a part of what makes it a core vaccine. Canine rabies is one of the most serious diseases your pet can get—it invades the central nervous system and eventually leads to death if immediate treatment is not administered. The good news is, the rabies vaccine is considered a core vaccine and as a result, most states have regulations requiring rabies vaccines to be administered regularly; simply talk to your vet to learn more. Usually, this means regular vet checkups and puppy vaccinations. This is especially important if you have other dogs or other pets in your household. Otherwise, you may want to bring a stool sample with you when you first see the vet. Ask your vet to clarify what, if any, samples you should bring with you. This article is intended as a general guide for puppy vaccinations. If you have any specific questions or concerns relating to your puppy, please consult your licensed veterinarian. Most puppies should be vaccinated starting at 10 weeks old. Some vets may recommend annual booster shots. There is significant debate on whether booster shots every year are necessary or if they do more harm than good to the immune system. Speak to your vet and share your concerns about booster shots. Vaccines are meant to keep your puppy from catching a specific disease. Just like children are vaccinated against measles or chicken pox, puppies are vaccinated against rabies, distemper and other common but dangerous diseases. However, if you live in an area where certain diseases are more frequent, then there may be other legal requirements for vaccinations. The American Animal Hospital Association and the American Veterinary Medicine Association both recommend that your puppy be vaccinated against these core potentially fatal and non-core not as deadly diseases. Your vet will also be able to recommend vaccines that are the most appropriate for your puppy so be sure to ask. This is why the rabies vaccine is required by law. Once your puppy has been immunized for rabies, you can expect to bring your dog in for a booster shot once a year or once every three years, depending on local laws. Death or chronic kidney problems are the unfortunate results of canine hepatitis. Parvovirus is a life-threatening illness that attacks white blood cells. In puppies, parvovirus can damage the heart muscles and cause death or chronic heart problems. Canine distemper does not have a known cure. Vaccination has significantly cut down on the spread of canine distemper. Your vet will have more knowledge about your dog and local infections, and should be able to recommend one or more of these vaccinations: Lyme Disease can be passed on to dogs from tick bites and typically causes joint inflation, arthritis and lameness. However, Lyme disease can be treated and very rarely causes death in dogs. Kennel Cough, a mild respiratory tract infection, can be caused by the parainfluenza virus or the bordetella bacterium. Coronavirus causes puppy diarrhea. Puppies younger than 12 weeks are at the highest risk for mortality. Giardiasis is caused by the parasite species giardia that lives in the intestine. Dogs usually catch the parasites from one another through infected fecal matter. Distemper is related to the measles virus and is part of the four recommended core vaccinations. Leptospirosis is contagious to humans and can be caught from infected water, soil or other animals. Soreness at the injection site is the most common side effect of vaccinations. But if you do notice changes in behavior, skin rashes, high fever, vomiting or signs of dizziness, call your vet right away. As to costs, it depends on where you live and the number of vaccines you choose to give your dog. Found this article helpful? Share with other dog lovers or let us know your thoughts in the comments section below. You May Also Like.

Visit the Veterinary Genetics Laboratory website Labrador retrievers have coats of three basic colors: yellow, black, and chocolate. These colors are determined genetically, just like almost all of the traits that offspring get from their parents. The modes of inheritance of these coat colors are autosomal not related to the sex of the dog. The information for black or chocolate comes from two versions of the same gene different versions of a gene are known as alleles. This gene is different from the one that causes yellow hair. There are four known alleles at this gene in the Labrador Retriever: one is the allele for black designated as B and three different alleles that result in chocolate collectively designated as b. In determining if your puppies will be black or chocolate, the black coat color B is dominant to the chocolate b. Therefore, a puppy will only be chocolate if each parent contributes a chocolate allele bb. If one or both parents Bb or BB contribute the black dominant allele, the puppy will be black BB or Bb , although a Bb puppy would carry chocolate and could therefore produce chocolate puppies. Black Labrador Retriever. Photo by Katy Robertson. Chocolate colored Labrador Retriever. There are several known alleles of this gene in dogs, but for Labradors the most common are E produce black and brown pigment and e only produce yellow pigment. An e allele at the MC1R gene prevents expression of the black or chocolate color in the hair follicle and the puppy's hair ends up yellow. Interestingly, the black or chocolate pigment is still expressed in the skin, just not in the hair. In order to be yellow, a Labrador must have two recessive alleles of the MC1R gene ee. This means both parents contributed a yellow allele e. However, if only one Ee or no EE yellow-causing alleles are contributed, this puppy will be either black or chocolate depending on which alleles are present at the TYRP1 gene see above. Yellow Labrador Retriever. Two yellow labs can only have yellow puppies ee , since they both only have the yellow allele e to contribute to their offspring. If they are bred to each other, there is a chance that some puppies will get a copy of e from each parent and have yellow hair Bbee, BBee, or bbee. If you are interested in breeding your Labrador and would like to know the genetic make up of your dog to predict the color of your puppies, genetic tests are available. The tests are easy, non-invasive, and simply require that you take a swab of the inside of your dog's cheek and send it to the laboratory. Primary Category. A fox red and traditional yellow Lab, flanked by a pair of black Labs. Black, yellow, and chocolate are the three traditional coat colors recognized by the AKC. If you ask the American Kennel Club , those are the only acceptable colors for a Labrador. And even then, those dogs must have other specific color features like dark noses and lips to count as true Labradors. But lately, non-traditional Labrador retriever colors have increased in popularity. The coats on these dogs look like faded versions of the traditional colors. Charcoal, silver, champagne, and white Labs have all emerged on the scene. So where did these new colors come from? Are they associated with health problems? A yellow Lab rests with her black pups. The dogs that Labs originate from, St. Once multiple generations of Labrador retrievers reproduced, recessive-gene colors like chocolate and yellow emerged from other bloodlines. The sire and dam that produce the litter of puppies pass down those genes to the offspring. Natalie Krebs The black coat color gene is dominant, Wilson explains. The chocolate coat gene, on the other hand, is recessive. Say two black Labs breed and produce a litter of pups. If just one of the parents—in this example, the sire—has all-black genes, none of their puppies will be chocolate. All the pups will be black Labs. Chocolate Labrador retrievers carry the recessive gene for coat color. If two chocolate Labs produce a litter, all the pups will be chocolate, too. The same is true for a black Lab that breeds a chocolate Lab. If the black Lab only has black genes to pass down, all their puppies will be black. But if that black Lab has a recessive chocolate gene to pass down, the litter could include both black and chocolate pups. Two chocolate Labs can only produce a chocolate litter, Wilson explains. All these dogs—the parents and the offspring—only have recessive chocolate genes. This yellow Lab was bred from a black female and a fox red male. Natalie Krebs Yellow coats come from an entirely different pair of genes than black or brown coats. Yellow Labs have the widest range in coat color while remaining within the AKC breed standard, Wilson says. Yellow Labs must have dark, heavily-pigmented noses, eyes, and lips, but their fur can range from a lighter vanilla to fox red. But in reality, the earliest yellow Labs were fox red, Wilson says. The color was first documented toward the end of the 19th century, and today, this coat variation is well within the AKC breed standard for yellow Labs. One of the more common falters is the light brown or pink nose, lips, and eyes. But from a health perspective, says Wilson, yellow Labs with light features are more prone to complications. Yellow Labs fall outside the AKC breed standard when their lips, nose, and skin around the eyes is pink, rather than black. These types of Labs are often referred to as Dudley Labs. This can make the skin more prone to sunburn or melanoma. Lighter, more sensitive eyes also make it harder for the dog to work properly in the field. Black Labrador retrievers are one of the most popular bird dogs in the country. Alex Robinson The best traditional Labrador retriever color is, of course, a matter of personal preference. Each color has their pros and cons. Yellow Labs Are harder to disguise in marsh and timber Are tougher to keep track of during an upland bird hunt since they tend to blend into grassy cover Identifying ticks, cuts, and abrasions is easier on their light coats Black Labs Are easier to disguise in many waterfowl environments, including marsh and timber Are easier to spot while working thick upland cover Their dark coat makes it harder to notice ticks, blood, and thorns Chocolate Labs Are the least traditional of the traditional Labrador retriever colors Have amassed a loyal following over the years Blend well into most habitat types and environments Non-Traditional Labrador Retriever Colors If a puppy inherits the recessive dilute gene from both parents, its coat will be diluted, or lighter in color. Chocolate Labs will turn silver in appearance. Black Labs will become charcoal, chocolate Labs will turn silver, and yellow Labs will turn either champagne or what is known as polar white. Dilute breeding to produce non-traditional Labrador retriever coat colors has its controversies. The practice is particularly frustrating to the traditional Labrador retriever community that strictly adheres to AKC purebred standards. Wilson rehashes a story of the first documented silver Lab, which she says was supposedly born in Wisconsin in to a chocolate Lab female and a chocolate Lab male. But the breeder, who Wilson says she knew about through a friend, was having trouble with a Weimaraner on his property at the time. When the litter arrived, some of the pups were chocolate Labs and some were silver. Silver Labrador retrievers have become wildly popular across the country. They forwarded the information to the AKC, who dispatched a field inspector to determine the genetics of the pups. This was a tricky assignment in the era before modern DNA testing and microchips. The breeder presented a chocolate female as the dam and said the sire, which had been on loan as a stud, was back in the northern part of the state. Silver Labs can have the exact same personalities and capabilities as traditional-colored Labs. Courtesy of Peggy Stalnaker Stalnaker, who breeds dilute Labs at DuckCreek, doubts this version of the silver Lab origin story, given what she knows about dilute genetics. Her hunch is that a few true recessive dilute puppies were born by accident. Stalnaker points out that this book was published well before the first documented cases of dilute Labs in the United States. The charcoal Labrador retriever is darker than silver and comes from a black Lab with the dilute gene. When dilute Labs became popular, she explains, attempts to meet consumer demand resulted in some problematic inbreeding. This resulted in dilute Labs that were less genetically diverse and had higher chances of genetic health issues. But Stalnaker puts all her dogs through extensive genetic testing to determine any predispositions for these issues, which range from dwarfism to exercise-induced collapse syndrome to excessively dry noses. Their fur would be really thin. She has avoided this by breeding in non-diluted Labs that possess the dilute gene. This means some of her puppies are traditional colors and some are diluted. But the diluted Labs have less disorder-prone genetic codes thanks to the genetic diversity from the non-diluted sire and dam. Her customers have been happy with their DuckCreek Labs. She recalls one man who flew to Kansas from south Georgia to pick up a silver puppy and fly it home. She cites the time commitment as a barrier. Despite criticism from traditional Labrador loyalists like Wilson, some owners still register dilute Labs under traditional AKC colors. Choosing a certain color Lab is really a matter of personal preference. If anybody is nasty, I just block them. The new variety of Labrador retriever colors is probably here to stay, since the consumer demand is high. But the dilute Labs will probably remain on the outskirts of the Lab community for the foreseeable future, while the traditional Labrador retriever colors of black, chocolate, and yellow continue to win hearts and field trials alike. Katie Hill Katie Hill is a staff writer for Outdoor Life where she covers outdoor news, hunting, and conservation in the West. She still lives in Missoula. However, you can encounter several other Labrador colors thanks to genetic variation and different breeding practices. Below are six of the most common color varieties. Black Labrador Since four out of nine potential Labrador color gene variations result in a black coat, black Labs are the most common coat color in Labradors. So, the takeaway here is that black Labs are always the dominant coat color. People love black Labs for their soft, shiny coats. The black Labrador pose for a photoshoot! Yellow Labrador Yellow Labs come in as the second most common color after black Labradors. Unlike black Labs, which have an unmistakable, predictable color, yellow Labs can come in many different shades. The genetic makeup of yellow Labradors includes one-third of the possible Lab color combinations. The genetic codes include eeBB, eeBb, and eebb. A Labrador sniffs a smoked dog bone 3. Chocolate Labrador Chocolate Labs are the rarest of the three primary Labrador colors. There are only two genes that will produce these dogs—EEbb and Eebb. As with yellow Labs, chocolate labs vary significantly in their coat color. Some chocolate labs have a light brown coat, others a medium brown, and some are even so dark that they appear mixed with black and brown. Aside from their genetic predisposition to an earlier death, these dogs can also suffer from the same issues as other Labs, including patellar luxation, osteochondritis dissecans, and canine hip dysplasia. So, if you have your heart set on buying a chocolate Lab, keep in mind that you may lose your best four-legged friend about 1. A chocolate Labrador Retriever having its coat brushed 4. They get their dark, reddish coat from the same gene as yellow Labs. But since yellow Lab genes can present a wide variation in yellow colors, it causes some puppies to enter the world with an almost red coat. Red Fox Labrador Retriever looks up. Silver Labrador You might have trouble recognizing a silver Lab as a Labrador when they walk by, given that this is such a distinct color deviating from the three primary colors. And, unfortunately for silver Labs, these dogs are a color variation from chocolate Labs. Another issue that silver Labs frequently face is color dilution alopecia. Alopecia is a condition when the immune system harms hair follicles, which leads to skin issues and hair loss. So, should you be interested in breeding your Labrador, please be responsible and never breed a silver Lab. Silver Labrador Retriever sitting in the forest. Like red fox Labradors, white Labs have the same genetic makeup as yellow Labs. Nevertheless, no one will mistake these dogs for pure white; they almost always retain a light cream-colored look, thanks to some yellow fur. Albinism is a life-threatening and rare genetic condition resulting from a lack of pigmentation. Albino Labs often die young and suffer from conditions like blindness and deafness. A white Labrador Retriever sits quietly. If you think mating two black Labradors is a guarantee for producing black Lab puppies, think again. Black is a dominant gene in Labs, but the color yellow always overrides black and chocolate. Instead, check out the chart below to see the puppy colors from mating different colored Lab parents. Parent Colors. Use tab to navigate through the menu items. Updated: Nov 15, When it comes to coat color of Labrador puppies, there are three colors recognized by the American Kennel Club. Black Labs, yellow Labs, and brown Labs often called chocolate Labs are the three main varieties of Labrador retriever, however these puppies often exhibit different shades of black, yellow, and brown fur. So with so much variation, what causes a difference in color? Where it begins to get tricky is when we discuss the genetics of black labs and chocolate labs when compared to yellow lab. Allele: One of two or more versions of a gene. When it comes to the coats of Labrador puppies, fur color is determined by one of two different genes, as well as a variety of alleles. When it comes to black lab puppies and chocolate lab puppies, both varieties inherit their fur color from a single gene, known as "Tyrosinase-related protein 1. Here we have two dominant genes for black fur, obviously resulting in a black lab puppy. In a situation in which either parent passes on the dominant allele and the other passes on the recessive, the lab puppy will still have a black coat. When both parents pass on the recessive allele, only then do we see a chocolate lab puppy. So, Where Does Yellow Come from? Yellow Labrador puppies get their hair color from a gene entirely different from the gene that determines black or brown fur. Melanocortin 1 receptor MC1R is the gene responsible for yellow lab puppies, but can still result in fur coats of black and brown. As you may have deduced, the allele for yellow lab puppies is recessive. Both parents pass on dominant alleles for black or chocolate fur, resulting in a black or chocolate puppy. Only in a situation in which both parents pass on alleles coding for yellow fur is the TYRP1 gene overridden and yellow lab puppies are produced. What is also interesting about the creation of yellow lab puppies is the fact that while their fur coat is without black or brown pigment, their skin will still exhibit the same color pigment as that of black or chocolate lab puppies. Their fun-loving and positive personalities combined with their gentleness and willingness to please their owners makes them the perfect family pet. Statistically speaking, Black Labs are the most common of all Labrador color variations. This is due to how coat color is inherited in this breed. Without getting too far into a scientific explanation for this, there are nine different possible gene combinations for coat color. Four of these lead to a black coat, three to yellow, and only two to chocolate. Due to random chance, Black Labs make up nearly half of all Labradors. Yellow Labs often have a very light brown or tan colored coat that can appear yellowish. Chocolate Labrador Image Credit: skeeze, Pixabay The rarest of the three major Labrador colors, the Chocolate Lab is beautiful and adorable with a deep brown, chocolate-colored coat. Chocolate Labs are regarded as the most energetic and hardest to train, and while there is no research-based evidence to support this, Chocolate Labs are the only Labs not used as service dogs by the leading dog training organizations. This is possibly due to a higher energy level. Their absence from service dog institutions may also be due to the fact that Chocolate Labs experience more health problems and tend to have shorter lifespans than their Black and Yellow counterparts. On average, Chocolate Labs live about a year and a half shorter than other colored Labs. Simply put, they have the genetics of a Yellow Lab but present a darker coat that appears reddish. White Labs usually have very pale brown fur that can appear purely white, especially in the sun. Their fur normally has light brown or yellowish tinges around the ears and paws. Albino Labs do carry additional health problems such as deafness, blindness, and other eye issues. Austin, Shutterstock Silver Labs are stunning, regal, and sleek. Their light grey coat shines beautifully in the sun, and their appearance is as striking as it is adorable. These pups are similar to Red Labs in that they have the same genetics as one of the major three Lab colors. Silver Labs are really Chocolate Labs, even though they may look more like Blue Labs, but their coat is light or diluted, and the result is a silvery appearance. Like their chocolate siblings, Silver Labs, unfortunately, inherit some additional health issues and tend to live shorter lives than Black and Yellow Labradors. Defining Physical Characteristics What is it that makes this breed so recognizable? Labs are often stocky and athletic with a broad chest and a thick, wide skull. Labs have short, dense fur that is water-resistant. In fact, they were named after the Labrador Sea off of Newfoundland where they were originally bred to retrieve waterfowl. No matter where they go, Labs seem to bring joy and happiness with them. They are loyal, loving, and affectionate. What more could you ask for in a dog? Labs have short, dense fur that is prone to heavy shedding and matting, so you should plan to brush your Labrador at least two or three times a week to cut down on shedding and keep their fur looking sleek. Labradors of all coat colors should be bathed about once every other month with a dog-friendly shampoo. Bathing more often can eliminate those healthy skin oils we mentioned, so avoid giving your pup a bath more often unless they find their way into some mud. Final Thoughts Labs come in three main colors but can have lots of different coat shading that makes them appear unique and especially striking. See also:. Find out how we get chocolate, black or yellow puppies and what color pups we might get when we mix Labradors of different colors. Strictly speaking, there are only three different types of Labrador color: black Labs, brown Labs usually referred to as chocolate and yellow Labs. These are the three colors recognized and accepted by the Kennel Club In practice, there is a wide range of shades of yellow Labrador color, from palest cream to richest fox red. But what makes a Labrador brown, or black, or yellow. And what about Silver Labradors? Where does this new and controversial coat color come in to play? Where do Black and Chocolate Labradors come from? The information that determines whether or not your Labrador is basically black or basically chocolate is passed on through a pair of genes. Why black is a dominant color: It is normal for dominant genes to switch off, or over-ride, recessive genes. And that is exactly what happens here. A dog with BB genes will be black, because he has no little b gene, the one that gives us a brown coat. But a Bb dog will be black too, because if the dominant black gene is present, it switches off the brown gene. How chocolate Labradors are made: Even though a dog inherits a little b gene, the dog will only appear brown if no black gene B is present at all. Two black genes BB gives you a black Labrador One of each Bb also give you a black Labrador Two brown genes bb gives you a chocolate Labrador Remember that the black dominant gene always switches of the brown gene, so only the dog at the bottom will actually look brown. Generation after generation of black dogs can continue to have only black puppies if dogs with the Bb gene are only ever mated to dogs with BB genes. Remember, the dog in the middle of our list above will look black, but pass the brown gene on to about half of all its offspring. But things are never that simple are they? Because of course some Labradors are neither black nor brown. The genetic information that creates a yellow coat comes from another pair of genes altogether. And these genes have a different kind of power. The result is a yellow dog But little ee is recessive, and if the dominant E gene is present, it switches off the masking gene. It only takes one big E gene to do this. So the dog will only appear yellow if no big E gene is present at all. There are three possible combinations of eee gene that a dog could inherit. There are nine different possible combinations. Nine different possible Labrador genotypes! The chart below lists them genotype is the genetic makeup, phenotype is the appearance of the dog. Original Labrador Retriever Color Black is the original, archetypal Labrador color, and genetically the most dominant. Chocolate and yellow puppies were frequently euthanized at birth. To understand that we have to look at the genetic difference between black and chocolate Labs. Labrador Retriever Color Genetics Both types get their color from a pigment called eumelanin. Labs with lots of eumelanin pigment in their coat are black. If they have a little less, they appear brown instead. We use letters to tell each place apart — a bit like giving each locus its own zip code! The B locus is home to a pair of genes called B genes. There are two types of B gene your Lab can get in their pair: One we call big B — it contains an instruction to make lots of eumelanin, and causes a black Labrador coat. And one we call little b — it contains an instruction for less eumelanin, and causes a brown or chocolate coat. Big B is a dominant gene, and little b is a recessive gene. Dominant genes to switch off, or override, recessive genes. So dog with BB genes will be black, because he has two genes for a black coat. And a Bb dog will be black too, because the dominant B genethe recessive b gene. Only a dog with a matching pair of bb genes will express the instruction for less eumelanin in their coat, and be brown. Remember that the black dominant gene always switches of the brown gene, so only the dog with two copies of the b gene will actually look brown. But the dominance of the black color enabled our chocolate friends to remain hidden and rare with the breed, for many decades. Generation after generation of black dogs can continue to have only black puppies if dogs with the Bb gene are only ever mated to dogs with BB genes. In fact, it would take two black Labs both carrying the little b gene to produce chocolate puppies. Like this: Statistically, one quarter of their litter would be chocolate colored. And of course, some Labradors are neither black nor brown. The genetic information that creates a yellow coat comes from another pair of genes altogether. These genes are located at the E locus. And — you guessed it — we call them E genes. Just like B genes there are two versions of the E gene, big E and little e. Big E is the dominant gene. It does not interfere with the B genes. Little e is the recessive gene. It has the potential to mask the B genes that would otherwise give us black or brown coats. And the result is a yellow dog. How Yellow Overrides Black and Chocolate Only the little e gene can mask the instructions for black or chocolate fur. There are three possible combinations of E gene that a dog can inherit. It could have two dominant genes EE two masking genes ee or one of each Ee. Only the middle of these three dogs will be yellow. Nine Different Possible Labrador Genotypes! Every Labrador has a combination of B and E genes — called their genotype. There are nine different possible genotypes. Here they are in full: Can you see why each combination of genes turns out the way it does? Because as you can see, the second dog down the list may look black but he could throw brown puppies, and the fourth dog down the list may look black, but he could throw yellow puppies. The fifth dog down the list is also black but he could throw yellow and brown puppies. Puppy colors are easier to predict when both parents owe their appearance to the recessive genes b or e. Mating Two Yellow Labradors Two yellow Labradors mated together will never throw brown or black puppies. All their offspring will be yellow. This is because yellow dogs do not possess the big E gene which is needed to switch off the masking effect. Mating Two Chocolate Labradors Two brown Labs mated together will never throw black puppies because brown dogs do not have the big B gene. But two chocolate Labs can produce yellow puppies, if each of the parents carries the little e gene — like this: In the mixed litter, statistically one of half of the puppies will be chocolate and one half yellow. Depending on their genotype, two black Labradors can indeed have yellow or chocolate puppies. Remember from our grid above that there are four different possible genotypes for a black Labrador. The genotype refers to the genetic code that the dog carries. And the four different possible black genotypes down the side to represent the father. Inside the grid are the puppies that could be born from each combination. If and only if, both parents carry a little e gene, then some of the puppies may be yellow. Remember that your puppy needs two little e genes one from each parent in order to be yellow. If only one of two black dogs carries the little e gene, all their puppies will be black. Yes it is, check out the bottom right hand square in the diagram above! Notice that it can only happen if both parents dogs have this genotype: EeBb. In other words, they both carry a little e and a little b. This is good example of how complicated, and unexpected, Labrador colors can be. There are six different possibilities for litter color combinations depending on the genotype of the parents. You can even get a litter of all black puppies from a chocolate mother and a yellow father or vice versa! Here are the color possibilities: yellow, black, and chocolate puppies yellow and black puppies.

Exercise Grooming The pug has origins majorly from China and Netherland. The Modern pugs are imported from China; the earliest breeds have also been known to originate from there. However, the pugs have a history with royal families in the Netherlands and England. The Modern style pugs were brought in to Britain in from China. The pugs were tended by the ruling families in China. The imperial court kept pugs because they were treasured by the Emperors who assigned guards to protect them while they the pugs lived in extravagance. Keeping pugs in Europe started at the House of Orange in the Netherlands. The pug became the official pug of the house after it saved the Prince of Orange from Assassins. Although these pugs were said to have been brought from China, the pugs from Europe at that time, as seen in pictures depict longer legs and nose. The pugs became prominent in the United States in the nineteenth century. They easily became family companions and show dogs. They became recognized by the American Kennel Club in .This occurred in , it was the first time a pug would be winning the show since it began. The pug would do anything to please its owners this is what makes them suitable to keep in many homes. Their loyalty is unwavering, they do well with children their calmness and sturdy physique allows them to tolerate children easily. Their Alertness makes them good security dogs but they are not predominantly used for security purposes. Pugs are stubborn, but this does not transform into aggressive manners. The pug thrives indoors. It is usually kept close to families that own it. It is classified by most Kennel Clubs as a toy dog. Despite their adaptation to heat, pugs cannot thrive well outdoors in hot and humid regions Pugs do not require high-intensity exercises; however moderate exercising will be sufficient. A reserved and reasonable amount of space for the dog to move around is ideal. The pugs have a fine coat that is sufficient to protect them from heat and cold. Maintaining a pug has low requirements. However, wrinkles and eyes have to be cleaned daily. Our Pugs puppies for sale come from either USDA licensed commercial breeders or hobby breeders with no more than 5 breeding mothers. We only purchase puppies from the very best sources, and we stand behind every puppy we sell. Yes, pugs have a shallow eye socket. Therefore, excess force around the eyes can lead to the eyes falling out. This condition is called ocular proptosis. It is also common to other dogs that have shallow eyes sockets and big bulging eyes; Bulldogs, Pekingese and Chihuahuas. Do Pugs snore? The pug is a brachycephalic dog breed; having a short muzzle and a flat face. This makes breathing difficult and leads to the pug snoring. The pug is more likely to develop eyesight problems that could cause blindness. Their bulging eyes also make them susceptible to eye injuries. What are the foods I should avoid feeding my Pug with? Avoid mushrooms, onions, garlic, and avocados. Green tomatoes and Raw potatoes are also harmful. Do not give any alcohol and caffeine-containing food. Is the Pug good with family? Yes, the pug regardless of its physical outlook is very friendly and playful. Its history of intimacy with humans makes it suitable for the family. Can Pugs be left alone? However, it is okay to leave your dog alone for about 8 hours. Note that pugs are companion dogs and want to be with their owners all the time. Why are Pugs hyperactive? Pugs have been bred for a very long time as companion dogs. They naturally get excited about seeing their owners and this leads to a series of hyperactive displays. Would a Pug ever calm down? Pugs generally become less hyperactive as they grow older. A pug might reach about 2 years of age before showing signs of calmness. However, a calmer adult pug will occasionally go into a hyperactive mode when exited. Keep your dog from situations that will result in a fight. Maintain healthy conditions for your pug and yourself; avoid smoking, it can be harmful to your dog Do Pugs drool? All dogs drool to a certain extent. However, your pug might drool more given the architecture of its mouth. Its loose and large lips contribute to some drooling, especially when engaged in any physical activity. The pug Is a very playful dog, alert and even-tempered dog. Good with family and children especially. Clingy and popular dubbed as a shadow, this loving dog will follow you everywhere you go. Are you interested in purchasing a Pug? Fill out the below form and we'll get back to you as soon as possible. Why Is My Dog Shaking? Dogs are known for their loyalty and companionship, but when they start shaking, it can be a cause for concern for pet owners. Shaking in dogs can be a sign of various issues, from dog anxiety and dog fear to dog medical conditions. In this blog post, we will explore the common causes of a dog shaking and what pet owners can do to identify and treat the problem. We will also offer tips for preventing dog shaking and ensuring.By doing regular grooming at home, you can help your dog look its best between visits to the groomer. You also get to bond more closely and build stronger trust with your dog. Routine grooming sessions will keep your dog clean and feeling fresh, but it will also.Their personality is lively, their nature fun-loving, and their disposition affectionate. As even-tempered, sweet, and playful dogs, Pugs make wonderful playmates for kids of all ages and lovely companion pets for couples, singles, and seniors. These little joy bringers love to cuddle and are generous with their Pug love. When it comes to their family, Pugs attach like magnets. They are known to happily shadow their humans in every activity and are just as happy lazing on the couch all day as they are going for a long evening stroll around the neighborhood.

Their coats are both fawn and brindle. Fawn is a yellowish-brown type of color, and the addition of dark stripes to it leads to what is commonly referred to as brindle. If you ever spot a boxer that seems to be black in color, you're probably looking at a sealed brindle specimen. When boxers' classic black stripes overwhelm any fawn elements of their coats, they're often called sealed brindle boxers. While brindle coats are often fawn with darker stripes, they do appear the other way around, too -- with deep brownish basic coats and conspicuously paler streaking. Note that white markings can appear in brindle and fawn boxers alike. Not all boxers have white coloration, however. White markings on boxers typically show up on their feet, faces, stomachs and chests. When boxers have particularly sizable white markings, it gives them a predominantly white look. Thick Stripes The stripes on brindle boxers' coats vary in thickness. Some of them have markedly slender stripes, while others have notably broad ones. A sealed brindle boxer with a black appearance often has an abundance of thick black stripes. When these stripes are so plentiful and thick, they essentially "seal" all of the fawn components out, hence the descriptive naming. When sealed brindle boxers look black, pinpointing any fawn coloration that might be there often becomes a pretty tough task. Black Masks Outside of boxers with primarily black coats, dogs of this jovial, spirited and dedicated breed across the board generally have some black facial coloration. This black coloration, somewhat unsurprisingly, is usually referred to as a "mask. Other Key Coat Details Boxers, regardless of specific coloration, have extremely short hair with a coarse texture. Their coats are also glossy. Significant brushing generally is unnecessary for dogs of the breed. It can, however, keep their coats looking shimmery and healthy. If you want to keep your boxer looking tidy as can be, brush his hair on a daily basis. Boxers tend to enjoy brushing sessions, according to Cari Meister, author of "Boxers. Boxers shed a lot in the spring and autumn months. There are so many breeds to choose from; how do you know which one is right for you and your family? Boxers are a medium-sized dog that were originally bred to be guard dogs. Nowadays though, they make ideal family pets as long as you can keep up with all that energy! Generally, boxers have three main colors; white, fawn or brindle. Brindle coloring is a combination of two colors that express themselves as a pattern in the fur. Usually one of the colors is beige or brown and the pattern can be long stripes along the back or shorter, more disturbed stripes. Brindle Boxers are one of the most popular coloring there are, however, the colors and patterns of brindle Boxers can vary dramatically. There is, however, a rarer reverse brindle coloring with a dark background and lighter markings. It is sometimes referred to as an inverted brindle boxer. Sealed Brindle Boxer Now this is the rarest coloring for a Boxer out of them all. They appear black because their black stripes are sealed shut so you can see hardly any fawn at all. Some people try to sell these Boxers as having a black coat but that is not true. It is impossible for Boxers to have a true black coat; those that appear black are actually brindle with very thick, close set black stripes. Flashy Brindle Boxer Boxers often have a white underbelly and white feet. Sometimes the markings go up the neck and onto the face too. This is known as flash. However, white Boxers are not. Brindle Boxers are not rare, they are one of the three standard coloring for the Boxer breed. Certain types of markings and coloring are more rare than others though, like the sealed brindle. Brindle Boxers are prone to certain health problems Like all purebred dogs, there are some health conditions that Boxers are more prone to. To help reduce the risk of your puppy developing these conditions you should always buy from an AKC compliant breeder. They have to adhere to much higher standards than most and will undergo the necessary tests of the parent dogs to help reduce the chances of medical issues in the future. AKC registered breeders will usually cost more than private breeders but they come with more peace of mind about the genetics and the treatment of the parent dogs. Also, there are some pet insurance companies that focus on providing the best insurance for a specific breed, meaning they can cater to the likely health problems of that breed of dog. Alternatively, you could look at the American Boxer Club website. They have a specific page all about breeder referrals. There are even some organizations that specifically re-home Boxers! Wherever you go looking, make sure you have a list of questions you want to ask the breeder about how the dogs have been cared for, tests they may have had etc. If you need a hand coming up with all the appropriate questions you should check out this resource. How do you know if a Boxer is the right dog breed for your lifestyle and situation? Well, there are some common characteristics that most Boxers share which can help you get an idea of what they might be like. Officially, there is only a single type of Boxer dog recognized by major kennel clubs. However, fanciers and breeders have set the distinctions between Boxer dogs bred in different countries. The differences between the types of Boxer dogs in each region are heavily dependent on preferences. Breeders from each location have been cultivating specific characteristics or traits that they want the breed to exhibit. International kennel organizations also contributed to their variation as they prioritize the characteristics of a certain region over the other. Among the three types of Boxers, this is the second variant that has been merited as a standard in by The Kennel Club KC , one of the oldest canine organizations in the world. This substantiates why the UK standard leans more to the characteristic of this Boxer type. One of the defining characteristics of UK Boxers is their small feet, high knuckles, and slender legs which give them a more elegant look. It is considered to be the smallest and slimmest among the three. Nonetheless, the masculine physique which is the core trait of Boxers is still evident. Its slender body also provides more room for agility and precision in moving. It is also expected for UK Boxers to be biddable, calm, fearless, and self-assured. Oddly enough, the standard for this type of Boxer was only established after the two other Boxer types were standardized. Among the three, the German Boxer remains to be the more robust and largest type in terms of muscle mass and bone structure. Their physique has a more defined masculine figure with longer and stronger legs. These traditional Boxer features are probably retained through time since most German Boxers are still bred for their natural talents in herding and hunting. Another key characteristic of German Boxers is that they have a shorter snout compared to American Boxers but wider than the UK Boxers. According to most Boxer breeders, German Boxers are calmer and easier to train compared to the other types of Boxers. The traits and characteristics of the American Boxer were officially acknowledged in by the American Kennel Club. The most defining trait of this Boxer type lies in its coat. An American Boxer has a smooth, tight, and shiny coat that has no wrinkles. With this unique trait, it would be easy to distinguish an American Boxer among other variants. Boxer fanciers claim that American Boxers have a more elegant and balanced look. The reason could be because most American Boxers are bred to be show dogs or champions of conformation events. When it comes to temperament and behavior, the American Boxers are said to be playful yet constrained, patient, and stoic towards family members — especially with children. Also, they are said to be the most energetic Boxer among all types. If you have been searching about Boxers, you might have also heard about black Boxers although there are none in reality. Let me explain to you in this section the different coat colors and markings that Boxer dogs have. Fawn Boxer Dog Fawn coat color can exhibit a range of hues, including shades of yellow, tan, red, and mahogany. It is one of the two standard coat colors recognized by kennel clubs and possibly the most iconic. Too much white on the coat is considered a fault. The common markings for fawn Boxers are white flash and a black mask. The black mask refers to a black muzzle that can also be seen on German Shepherds and Belgian Malinois. Brindle Boxer Dog Brindle is not a color but a pattern. This is characterized by the presence of streaks of irregular and darker color against the light color background of the coat. For Boxers, the background is usually a color ranging from fawn to deep red. The appearance of the brindle coat will vary depending on the thickness and thinness of the color strips. Some may look like almost solid fawns while some may have more defined patterns in their body. Depending on the shade of the brindle, a Boxer dog may be called a light brindle, golden brindle, fawn brindle, red brindle, or mahogany brindle. The concentration of brindle patterns in Boxers can also be classified into three: tiger brindle, reverse brindle, and seal brindle. The streaks of irregular darker hair patterns are spread across a light background. On the other hand, reverse brindle dogs have strips of irregular lighter color against a darker color background. They differ from a seal brindle Boxer who sports a heavy concentration of dark streaks on their coat. However, for the record, there is no such thing as black Boxer dogs in reality. Purebred Boxer dogs do not carry the black color gene so it is impossible for them to have a black base. Boxers can only either be fawn to mahogany , brindle, or white. The black Boxer dogs that are advertised are brindle in nature. Remember the seal brindle that I mentioned earlier? When the streaks of the darker color patterns are too tight that they seal or shut the light background off, the coat appears to be solid black. In other words, the black coloration is nothing but an illusion. Worst, due to the hoaxes about white Boxers, they were even culled back then. Contrary to popular belief, white Boxers are not albino. Albinism occurs when a dog lacks pigmentation on its body. However, that is not the case for white Boxers. Similar to seal, the white coat for Boxers is produced due to an unusual patterning in the body. In short, they just have large white patches. White Boxers are either fawn or brindle with a large area covered with white markings. Boxers with this coat color typically do not have other markings in their body including a black mask. Those with patches of other colors in their body patches on the eyes, black mask, ears, back are called Check Boxers and are considered to be particolored. Boxers that have more than a third of white color in their coat or are all white are disqualified on conformation shows. The good news is that the AKC now recognizes the white coat color but is still considered to be non-standard. White Boxers are allowed to have limited AKC registration but are prohibited from being used on breeding. Knowing the type of Boxer you have would be easy if you bought from a reputable breeder. However, if circumstances do not allow the aforementioned ways, you can also try observing the unique characteristics of each type of Boxer. As discussed earlier, English or UK Boxers have long, slender legs which give them an elegant look. One of their defining characteristics is their high knuckles and small feet. If your dog sports this appearance, it is probably a UK Boxer. If your dog is large compared to other Boxers you see, there is a high tendency that it is a German Boxer. This type of Boxer is the biggest among the three. It has a dense bone and a larger and more masculine frame compared to the UK and American Boxer. Spotting if your Boxer is an American type would be easy. The defining trait of an American Boxer is its slick, smooth, shiny, tight coat. In terms of temperament, it would be hard to distinguish the three types of Boxers as they exhibit similar behaviors: confidence, patient, calm, and watchful. However, the German Boxer is said to be the calmest Boxer among the three. The American Boxer on the other hand is the most energetic type. If your Boxer sports extraordinary demeanor and composure unlike other Boxers, there is a great possibility that it is a German Boxer. Subsequently, if it acts like a bomb of energy, it is probably an American Boxer. Although all of the types of Boxers can join dog shows, some are more favored by specific kennel clubs. Conformation shows usually set guidelines following the standards provided by these organizations. Thus, Boxers that perfectly adhere to the standards are more favored than the others. If you want to join Boxer shows, the first thing you need to do is to identify the type of Boxer you own as well as the kennel club that sponsors the event. The prices of the three different types of Boxers have no significant differences. Boxer dogs with champion blood are more expensive than ordinary purebred Boxers. When it comes to coat color, the most expensive Boxer puppy would be the one with a seal brindle. As discussed earlier, a Boxer with this coat creates an illusion of a solid black color. Due to their rarity, Boxer dogs with seal brindle color are highly valued and priced. Places to Find Different Types of Boxer Dogs for Sale and Adoption In buying a Boxer dog, you should only transact with reputable breeders and avoid buying from backyard breeders and puppy mills. A professional Boxer breeder only aims to enhance and further the characteristics of the breed. Here are the places where you can find reputable and professional Boxer breeders. This online marketplace is regulated by the AKC itself so you have the assurance that all of the Boxer puppies sold are bred ethically and professionally. Most of the advertised Boxers in this marketplace came from the bloodlines of American Boxers. They have a acre facility dedicated to breeding German and UK Boxer dogs. This breeder is interested in breeding German Boxers that is why all of the dogs in their facility have German pedigrees. Unfortunately, a great number of Boxer dogs also end up in rescue centers. If you are eyeing to adopt one, here are the places where you can apply: American Boxer Club Rescue Directory — The parent organization of Boxer clubs in America has a complete list of the numerous Boxer rescue organizations across the country. There are dedicated shelters for each state and region of the US. Adopt-a-Pet — This is an online pet database that is dedicated to rehoming Boxer dogs. There are hundreds of Boxers posted on their sites every day that are available for adoption. It is affiliated with over 12, pet shelters across the US and Canada. All types of Boxer dogs English, German, and American are pretty common. In fact, kennel clubs do not consider these types as exactly legit. The terms American, UK, and German Boxer dogs are mostly used by breeders residing in a certain location. The boat only tips in terms of coat color. Contrary to popular belief that white is the rarest color for Boxers, seal brindle Boxers are the real gems. The tight patterns of a dark streak of hairs give an illusion of solid black coat color. Due to their rarity, they are also considered to be more expensive compared to other colors. What Is a European Boxer Dog? A European Boxer dog is another term used to refer to German Boxers. They are more masculine and have larger body frames. To be fair, all Boxer dogs are equally good. However, there are unique traits evident to each type of Boxer dog. The physique of a German Boxer dog is more robust than the other types, giving it an impression of a more reliable guardian. On the other hand, the unique features of American Boxer shiny tight coat and UK Boxer high knuckles and slender feet give them a more elegant look. If you are after a sport or a working dog, German Boxers would be preferable. On the other hand, if you would like to join conformation events, the American or UK Boxer will be your go-to. In addition, you should also consider your region as judges favor a certain type of Boxer depending on their origin. For the behavior and temperament, all three are lively yet calm, easily trained, and self-composed. However, breeders and owners testify that American Boxers are more energetic compared to the other types of Boxers. Your preference and lifestyle will be your criteria in choosing which Boxer matches you. Aside from their slight differences in size and appearance, they are all Boxer dogs that exhibit elegance and vigor. Their temperament and behavior will heavily depend on the environment they are raised in and the training they received. In terms of Boxer types according to coat colors, you should carefully weigh your options and refer to what the standard says. If you aspire to enter show events, you should not choose a Boxer puppy that is white or has white patches that cover more than a third of its body as such traits are considered faults. You should take note that a Boxer is not a dog for beginners. It is a breed that requires proper training and attention. My passion for animals started at a very young age as I grow up on a farm with several horses, cows, cats, chickens, and dogs on our property. Leave a Comment. American Boxer Club Position Statements These position statements are intended for use by ABC member clubs and by ABC members to address community issues or unfavorable canine legislation at the local level. Permission is granted by ABC to use these statements and the information contained in these statements with local media or with local politicians to help explain the ABC's position on these important issues. Responsible Dog Ownership The American Boxer Club recognizes the long history of the human-canine bond, and supports caring and responsible dog ownership as a celebration of that bond. Dog ownership provides people with both psychological and health benefits, and opens the door to a deeper connection with an understanding of all animals. Responsible dog ownership requires a commitment for the life of the dog. This takes time, patience, and training in order to insure that a puppy will grow up to be a loving companion pet and not a nuisance animal. Dog ownership also requires an emotional and financial investment over the life of the dog, so we strongly urge all potential owners to evaluate their lifestyle and research breeds and breeders before purchasing a puppy. Being a responsible dog owner means considering not only the needs of the dog, but also those of the community. Responsible dog owners ensure that their dogs are not allowed to become public nuisances, and that they abide by local ordinances and leash laws. Owners versus Guardians The American Boxer Club supports caring and responsible pet ownership and opposes the use of the term "guardian" when referring to the care of animals. We believe in the traditional property rights of animal owners to make decisions regarding the care and welfare of their pets, and reject the notion of "animal guardianship" which places these rights and responsibilities in the hands of the government. Guardianship laws do nothing to improve the lives of animals and in some cases may make it more difficult for breeders, owners, shelters, rescue groups, and veterinarians to provide adequate and humane treatment of animals in their care. These laws may also result in increased animal control expenses and shelter populations, and have the potential to clog the court system with baseless and expensive lawsuits. The American Boxer Club supports the establishment and enforcement of reasonable animal welfare laws that hold animal owners accountable for the health and welfare of their pets. Responsible Dog Breeding Humans have been actively breeding dogs for centuries, and thereby shaping and refining traits in individual breeds to meet specific functions. The American Boxer Club supports the right to own, keep, and breed dogs, and recognizes that along with the right to own and breed dogs comes responsibility. Breeders should educate themselves about their breeds, learn about the breed standard, and screen their dogs for health and temperament issues before deciding to breed. Care and socialization of puppies is also important for their long-term health and well-being. Responsible breeders spend time screening prospective puppy homes, remain a line of support throughout their puppies' lifetimes, and are prepared to take back dogs they've bred at any time, for any reason. The American Boxer Club opposes careless breeding which ignores or perpetuates genetic health issues, structural problems, or poor temperaments. We also strongly oppose those who breed without concern for the welfare of the dogs. We encourage enforcement of existing animal welfare laws. Restrictive Breeding Laws The American Boxer Club supports the right to own, keep, and breed dogs, and opposes legislation that restricts that right. We believe that the ability to provide humane care for dogs should be evaluated individually based on the condition of the dogs. Restrictive legislation that makes it burdensome, difficult, or unlawful to breed dogs is contrary to the best interests of dogs in this country. Rescue Programs and Their Role in the Community Breed rescue programs are an important adjunct to animal shelter programs, and provide an essential function to the community. These groups rescue purebred dogs from shelters, thus increasing available space for other dogs and decreasing shelter euthanization rates. They also offer options for owners looking to surrender their dogs, so the dogs never enter the shelter system in the first place. The American Boxer Club supports and applauds Boxer rescue groups that provide temporary homes for Boxers in need, provide necessary medical care, socialize dogs prior to placement, screen dogs and new owners for compatibility, and offer transport to new homes. They also provide assistance to current owners to help them retain their dogs, or place them if necessary. The American Boxer Club does not support so-called "humane rescue" or "animal protection" groups which justify taking animals from their owners -- often as theft -- based not on violations of established welfare laws, but on their dislike of the lawful owners' practices. We believe that all animal owners are entitled to due process of law, and that seizure of animals prior to conviction of welfare violations should occur only when the animals' lives are in immediate danger. Breed Specific legislation The American Boxer Club strongly opposes legislation which restricts or prohibits dangerous dogs based solely on breed or physical characteristics. Proper training and socialization are more important factors than breed characteristics in preventing dangerous dogs. Media coverage often misrepresents the breed s involved in canine biting incidents or canine attacks and most members of the public or of animal control groups are unable to accurately identify specific dog breeds on sight. Breed specific laws punish a majority of responsible dog owners and well-tempered dogs for the actions of a few and often fail to decrease bite statistics in the communities where they are enacted. The American Boxer Club supports reasonable "dangerous dog" laws which are based on the specific actions of the individual dog and which provide a well established system for dealing with dangerous dogs and responsible dog owners. The American Boxer Club urges enforcement of existing, non-breed-specific laws in effect in most states related to "dangerous dogs. These procedures were developed to prevent injury to the dogs as they performed the various functions for which they were bred. The American Boxer Club supports these procedures, when humanely performed, as appropriate for the breed, to maintain breed character and preserve the history of the breed. Tails are docked and dewclaws removed at just a few days of age, before the nerve endings are fully developed. Discomfort is minimal and puppies are usually sleeping or nursing within a few minutes of the procedure. Dewclaws left intact are often snagged and ripped off, causing considerable pain and bleeding. Boxers with full tails are at a higher risk of injuring the tail, leading to lengthy, difficult healing times and potential amputation as an adult. The Boxer standard states that an undocked tail should be severely penalized. Ear cropping is done by a veterinarian under general anesthesia, between six and twelve weeks of age. Most puppies are up and playing later that same day and show no signs of lingering discomfort from the surgery. Uncropped ears are slightly more prone to infections and are more prone to hematomas. The Boxer standard allows exhibitors the choice between cropped or uncropped ears, noting that cropped ears are customary. White Boxers There are two coat colors in the Boxer, fawn and brindle, with or without white markings which, in some cases, may cover most or all of the body. The American Boxer Club Code of Ethics prohibits members and member club from breeding white Boxers and from offering full registration on white puppies. White Boxers are also prone to sunburn. While excluded from conformation competition, white Boxers are equal to their colored counterparts as obedience, agility, service, therapy, and companion dogs. Black Boxers In recent years there have been a growing number of people advertising "black Boxers," or worse "rare black Boxers," usually at inflated prices. The American Boxer Club condemns this practice because the Boxer breed does not carry a gene for a black coat. At one point in the history of the breed, there were some dogs that were solid black. These dogs were acknowledged as descendants of a Schnauzer-Bulldog cross. The extinction of this line is documented in the mid 's, at the time when the German breed standard was changed to disallow dogs of any color other than fawn or brindle. Some brindle Boxers may be so heavily striped as to appear to have a black ground color, especially as puppies. These dogs may be termed "reverse," "seal," or "black brindles," but responsible breeders will never try to pass them off as black. Nor will they use the term "sealed," implying that the fawn color is sealed out by the black. The breed standard states that the fawn background must clearly, if barely, show through the black striping. As a dominant color, a black coat cannot lie hidden for generations. Therefore, any Boxer with a solid black coat must have another breed in the background. The True Mission of Animal Rights Groups The American Boxer Club strongly supports the goals of animal welfare, stewardship of animals, humane and responsible care and use of animals, and a celebration of the human-animal bond. We recognize a distinct difference between animal welfare and animal rights and oppose the latter. We support legal protection for animals and oppose legal rights for animals. Animal rights groups -- or as they are starting to call themselves, "animal protection groups" -- are opposed to human use of animals in any capacity. Animal rights radicals equate animal ownership with human slavery and claim that a change from "owner" to "guardian" in laws will result in better treatment for animals. This is not true. The ultimate goal of the animal rights industry is total animal liberation, a complete severing of the ties between humans and animals, and enjoyment from a distance. Animal rights groups use any means to achieve these goals, up to and including, in some cases, funding and participating in terrorist activities. Mainstream animal rights groups spend a significant portion of their annual income to propose and lobby bills that restrict the rights of animal owners. They often distort or sensationalize the worst examples of animal cruelty -- issues that are covered by and prosecuted under existing laws as a means to raise funds and misrepresent a need for new, more restrictive laws. Animal rights groups use broad strokes to paint all animal owners, breeders, farmers, or researchers with the same brush as those who neglect and abuse animals, refusing to acknowledge that these deplorable situations are the rare exception to the hundreds of millions of animals that are well cared for by their owners. The American Boxer Club rejects the premise of animal rights groups, most of which have no experience in providing hands-on care for animals. We support investigation into the legitimacy of the non-profit status of those groups which participate in extensive lobbying activities, in violation of the Internal Revenue Code. We strongly urge all animal owners to donate to local groups and shelters, and avoid supporting national groups unless they specifically denounce the animal rights agenda, regardless of how slick their marketing propaganda may be or how emotional their financial requests may be. Further information: Bullenbeisser Friedrich Robert and his boxer, The Boxer is a hunting mastiff developed in Germany in the late 19th century from the now extinct Bullenbeisser , a dog of English Mastiff descent, and Bulldogs brought in from Great Britain. Its task was to seize the prey and hold it until the hunters arrived. In later years, faster dogs were favored and a smaller Bullenbeisser was bred in Brabant , in northern Belgium. The Brabanter Bullenbeisser is generally accepted as being a direct ancestor of today's Boxer. The club went on to publish the first Boxer breed standard in , a detailed document that has not been changed much since. During World War I , the Boxer was co-opted for military work, acting as a valuable messenger dog, pack carrier, attack dog , and guard dog. Taken home by returning soldiers, the dog was introduced to a wider audience and soon became a favorite as a companion, a show dog, and a guard dog. Boxer early genealogy chart Flocki, the first Boxer German citizen George Alt, a Munich resident, mated a brindle-colored female dog imported from France named Flora with a local dog of unknown ancestry, known simply as "Boxer", resulting in a fawn-and-white male, named Lechner's Box after its owner. This dog was mated with his own dam, Flora, and one of his offspring was a female called Alt's Schecken. George Alt mated Schecken with a Bulldog named Dr. Flocki was the first Boxer to enter the German Stud Book after winning the aforementioned show for St. Bernards in Munich , which was the first event to have a class specific for Boxers. Blanka von Angertor, Flocki's sister, was even more influential when mated with Piccolo von Angertor Lechner's Box grandson to produce the predominantly white particolored female dog Meta von der Passage, which, even bearing little resemblance with the modern Boxer standard early photographs depict her as too long, weak-backed, and down-faced , is considered the mother of the breed. Our great line of sires all trace directly back to this female. She was a substantially built, low to the ground, brindle and white particolor, lacking in underjaw and exceedingly lippy. As a producing female, few in any breed can match her record. She consistently whelped puppies of marvelous type and rare quality. Those of her offspring sired by Flock St. Salvator and Wotan dominate all present-day pedigrees. Combined with Wotan and Mirzl children, they made the Boxer. Breed name[ edit ] The name "Boxer" is supposedly derived from the breed's tendency to play by standing on its hind legs and " boxing " with its front paws. Brace's Pet Owner's Guide to the Boxer, this theory is the least plausible explanation. At that time, the spelling "baxer" equalled "boxer". Both the verb boxen [English "to box, to punch, to jab"] and the noun Boxer were common German words as early as the late 18th century. The term Boxl, also written Buxn or Buchsen in the Bavarian dialect, means "short leather trousers" or "underwear". The very similar-sounding term Boxerl, also from the Bavarian dialect, is an endearing term for Boxer. These dogs were the result from mixes of Bullenbeisser and other similar breeds. Bier beer probably refers to the Biergarten, the typical Munich beer garden, an open-air restaurant where people used to take their dogs along. The nickname "Deutscher Boxer" was derived from Bierboxer and Boxer could also be a corruption of the former or a contraction of the latter. This seems improbable. Any such action would likely result in a badly bitten if not broken leg. On the other hand, a German breeder of 40 years' experience states positively that the Boxer does not use his feet, except to try to extinguish a small flame such as a burning match. But a Boxer does box with his head. He will hit not bite a cat with his muzzle hard enough to knock it out and he will box a ball with his nose. Or perhaps, since the German dictionary translates Boxer as "prize-fighter", the name was bestowed in appreciation of the fighting qualities of the breed rather than its technique. Boxer is also the name of a dog owned by John Peerybingle, the main character in the best-selling book The Cricket on the Hearth by Charles Dickens , which is evidence that "Boxer" was commonly used as a dog name by the early 19th century, before the establishment of the breed by the end of that same century. A brindle Boxer with two white socks Brindle, fawn, and white Boxer puppies See also: Dog health A healthy Boxer puppy Leading health issues to which Boxers are prone include cancers , heart conditions such as aortic stenosis and arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy the so-called " Boxer cardiomyopathy " , [35] hypothyroidism , hip dysplasia , and degenerative myelopathy and epilepsy; other conditions that may be seen are gastric dilatation volvulus also known as bloat , intestinal problems, and allergies although these may be more related to diet than breed. An emerging health concern among boxers is Boxer Juvenile Kidney Disease JKD , where the kidneys do not develop normally during gestation and leads to chronic renal failure. There is strong evidence to suggest JKD is an inherited condition in boxers with research being undertaken by the University of Ohio to determine the gene mutation, as well as other work separately by the UK Boxer Breeder Council. Mortality due to infection increases significantly with increases in inbreeding. The breed is particularly predisposed to mast cell tumours, a cancer of the immune system. Because of their brachycephalic heads, they do not do well with high heat or humidity, and common sense should prevail when exercising a Boxer in these conditions. See also: Dog food Boxers need plenty of exercise, which means their diet should be high in quality calories. The main source of these calories should be lean animal protein, which include lean chicken, turkey, lamb, and fish. They sometimes appear at dog agility or dog obedience trials and flyball events. These strong and intelligent animals have also been used as service dogs, guide dogs for the blind, therapy dogs, police dogs in K9 units, and occasionally herding cattle or sheep. The versatility of Boxers was recognized early on by the military, which has used them as valuable messenger dogs, pack carriers, and attack and guard dogs in times of war. Notable Boxers[ edit ] Punch and Judy were awarded the Dickin Medal for conspicuous gallantry or devotion to duty while serving in a military conflict. There are some Boxers that appear to be black. However, a solid black coat is not indicative of the breed. So, how can this be? Read more about what markings and patterns can cause a black-like coat. Fawn- What exactly is the color fawn in regard to dogs? This sample is a typical fawn. However, as you will see, fawn is a range of hues. To the right below on mobile is a medium fawn is the standard hue when referring to this terminology. With nice white flash markings on the chest and with black on the muzzle, this Boxer meets color breed standard very well. Brindle - What is brindle? Brindle is not technically a color, it is a pattern. The base is fawn and there is striping. The stripes may be light or dark, and density of the striping can range from thin to thick. Some brindles will look almost fawn and some will appear so dark that they look black. This Boxer shows the standard brindle striping. With white on his chest, paws and ankles and black on the muzzle, this Boxer also meets breed standards perfectly. This is a red fawn Boxer. As you can see, this fawn is darker and deeper than that the common tan fawn; producing a slight shading of red. What a gorgeous coat. This Boxer is a dark brindle. As you can see, with dark brindle the black is over powering the fawn color. The black striping in this pattern is heavy; which would be called a reverse or even a seal. Which simply means that the dog is not officially a solid fawn; he is a mix of colors. Seal - The Boxer dog you see here on the left is Vesta; this color is often referred to as seal. This is a super tight brindle. Siennna, right, is a fawn. Photo courtesy of Nancy Dark Brindle Boxer. Turkish, at 7 years old, photo courtesy of Renata Boxer Dog Flash The white markings on this breed are called "flash". If a Boxer has a moderate amount, one often refers to this as semi-flashy. Those with prominent white on a good portion of the coat are called flashy. No Markings? Not all Boxers have white markings. These are known as plain Boxers, but the term is misleading, as it refers to the genes at work. Read more: Boxers without White Markings Brindle Explanation Brindle one of the colors of this breed is actually a pattern. Stripes running through the coat partial or full is brindling. These are often black hairs, but may be any color that is a darker shade than the hairs that run under it. Depending on the exact color of these brindling pattern stripes, one may refer to a Boxer using one of the following terms listed in order from a very light brindle to a heavy dark striping : Light super light. I own a seal brindle Pit Bull puppy myself, they are not a rare pattern any more. The seal brindle coloring is not a genetic flaw, the occurrence of this is caused by the darker dominant color over the less dominant fawn color. Many of your probably have heard friends or neighbors saying, I have a reverse brindle Boxer. You are asking to yourself, well what in the world is a reverse brindle Dog? Depending on your location in the world, these names are used interchangeably. Seal Brindle Boxers, Seal Brindle Boxer Puppies I will concentrate on Boxers in this article as they are the most popular breed being referred to as seal brindle dogs. The coloring of the seal brindle boxers are greatly affected by the light source. The brindle coloring is much more visible in lighter environments. In dark lighting the brindle color do not show and the dog will just appear to be black. You will especially notice this when the flash is off in your camera while taking pictures of seal brindle boxers. Here is a beautiful picture of a seal brindle Boxer, you can tell the lighted areas of the picture will stand out and the darker areas will just look black. There are no black boxers, if you look carefully in the head and back legs this dog is indeed reverse brindle. Seal brindle Boxers are just recognized as regular brindle dogs with the American Kennel Club. The brindle in them hovers over and makes them appear black. If a parent has a dominant brindle gene, most likely the puppies will be brindle regardless of their mothers color. It is also interesting to note that dogs such as Boxers can be seen only in brindle, fawn and white colors. The white coloring is due to no coloring at all, this happens when the flashing genes from both the parents are given to the puppy which leads to flashing. When only one parents donates the flashing gene it aids to white markings on the coat of the dog. If you are wondering about the nail colors, yes two white flashing genes will make the dogs nails all clear. Pit Bulls come in one of the most variety of colors among dog breeds. Seal brindle dogs share darker nails compared to other dogs. Here is a picture of a seal brindle Pit Bull Dog. Here is some of the coolest Brindle Boxer merchandise that you can buy!