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Life Span Did You Know? The Boxador is a designer mixed dog breed that is a cross between a Boxer and a Labrador Retriever. They are sometimes also called a Boxer Lab Mix, although Boxador tends to be a more popular term. Because this is not an established purebred dog, the Boxador is not recognized by the American Kennel Club, but they are still recognized by other official organizations. With mixed breed puppies, you can get any combination of the physical characteristics and character traits of the parent breeds. A Boxador puppy could take completely after their Boxer parent or their Lab parent or could be some combination of both. In general, Boxadors tend to be intelligent, friendly, energetic, and loving. Overall, these dogs tend to make a great addition to a family. Both the Boxer and the Labrador are known for their happy-go-lucky, friendly temperament. They also have a playful spirit and are known for getting along well with children, other dogs, and other pets. In general, the Boxador tends to have a similar temperament. Playtime with small children should be supervised as these dogs will grow into large, energetic dogs and small children can be knocked over by their excitedly wagging tails and energetic play. They tend to be loyal, friendly, and playful and love spending time with their families. Due to the hunting instinct in the parent breeds, a Boxador may have a high prey drive and enjoy chasing things. Boxadors tend to be highly adaptable dogs. They do tend to be a better fit for larger homes with a fenced-in backyard where they can run. However, as long as they receive plenty of exercise, mental stimulation, and attention, they can adapt well to apartment living. As with many dog breeds, they are sensitive to extreme heat and can be sensitive to cold. But, overall, this dog breed does well in just about any climate. They love to be around their families and have a high energy level, so they do not like to be left alone for long periods of time. Mixed dog breeds can inherit some, all, or none of the potential health issues present in their parent breeds. When it comes to the Boxador, they are a relatively healthy breed. Some of the potential health conditions to be aware of include hip dysplasia, elbow dysplasia, cataracts, and heart conditions. Asking the breeder about the genetic history of the parent breeds and to see any relevant health clearances can help allay potential concerns about health you may have. Both the Boxer and the Lab are highly intelligent dog breeds that are eager to please their owners, which makes them both highly trainable. You can expect your Boxador to be highly trainable as well. These dogs respond well to positive training techniques and are a good fit for owners of any experience level. Although it tends not to be necessary with this breed, enrolling in puppy training and obedience classes is an added bonus and can offer some extra opportunities for socialization. Boxadors usually have a short and dense coat. They will shed moderately year-round and more heavily twice a year as the seasons change. Generally, brushing their coat a few times a week is sufficient. This will help keep your dog more comfortable and will keep some of the loose fur contained to the brush instead of all of around your house. In terms of bathing, these dogs only require the occasional bath or more often as needed if they have gotten dirty or have been swimming. Dental care for dogs is especially important. Both of the parent breeds of this designer dog breed are high-energy, so you should expect your Boxador to have a high energy level as well. In addition to regular daily walks and playtime, your Boxador may enjoy running with you, going for a swim, going hiking with you, and taking trips to the dog park. They also are a good fit for several canine sports like dock diving, agility, and more. Their joints are still developing before this age and can be damaged by strenuous exercise. A fully-grown Boxador will usually stand 20 to 25 inches tall at the shoulder and weigh 55 to 80 pounds. A Boxador generally lives 10 to 14 years. Boxador Puppies for Sale. Should a Boxer Mix take after their Boxer parent, they will be a playful, energetic, and friendly dog that loves their family and loves being active with them. Boxers are known for their energetic and exuberant personalities. They bond closely with their families, tend to have a cheerful disposition, and also tend to get along well with children, other dogs, and other pets. Although they are friendly dogs, they do have the instinct to protect their families. If the other parent breed has similar traits, then you should be able to expect a similar temperament in a Boxer Mix. Asking the breeder about the other parent breed in the mix is a good start. You can also meet the mother dog to get a feel for her temperament and to see what behavior she is modeling for her puppies. Although the breeder should be socializing puppies while they have them, it is up to you to continue training and socializing a puppy once you get them home. Boxers are moderately adaptable dogs. Because of their energy, they tend to do better in homes with yards where they can run. But, they can adapt to apartments as long as they get exercise and mental stimulation throughout the day. Although all dogs are sensitive to heat, the Boxer is even more so because of their short snout. And, because they bond so closely with their families, they do not like to be left alone for long periods of time. The other parent breed could introduce some traits that could affect the adaptability of a Boxer Mix, so you do want to ask the breeder about them. Knowing more about the other parent breed will help you get a better idea of what range of potential characteristics to expect. Are mixed-breed dogs healthier than purebred dogs? A Boxer Mix can inherit any combination of the potential health issues common to one or both of their parent breeds. Or, they could inherit none of them. From the Boxer side, potential health conditions include degenerative myelopathy, thyroid deficiency, hip dysplasia, and heart conditions. Boxers also tend to have sensitive digestive systems, which often makes them gassy. As a brachycephalic dog, they will also snort and snore. Because they are a barrel-chested breed, they are also at a higher risk for bloat in dogs. This can become dangerous, especially if the stomach flips, so you want to make sure you reduce the risk when you can and know the symptoms so you can get help as soon as possible. Since reputable breeders screen their dogs to avoid passing issues on to puppies, they should be able to answer your questions. Despite their high energy, Boxers are highly trainable dogs that can be a good fit for owners of any experience level. Because they are intelligent, they pick up on things quickly and can get bored easily. But, they are eager to please their owners and tend to respond well to training. The other parent breed could make a Boxer Mix even easier to train or more difficult to train. You want to make sure you ask the breeder about the other parent breed so you know what range of trainability to expect. A Boxer Mix can end up with a coat similar to one of their parents or a coat that is a combination of both of them. Monthly nail trims are usually enough to keep nails from growing too long. Ears should be dry, clean, and free of debris or pests. Unfortunately, many dog owners overlook dental care, which is why gum disease is one of the most common health issues in dogs. The Boxer is a high-energy dog breed. Daily walks plus playtime and other activities should be enough for this dog. However, they will likely be up for more activity if you are. If the other parent breed is also a high-energy dog breed, then you can expect a Boxer Mix to also be a high-energy dog. However, this is a potential range, so you will still need to be prepared to deal with a Boxer Mix that is high-energy. A Boxer usually stands inches tall and weighs pounds. The other parent breed can affect this, especially if they are the mother, so you do want to ask about them. A Boxer generally lives for years. Although the other parent breed may affect this slightly, you can likely expect a similar life span in a Boxer Mix. 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You have done your research, and are ready to take the leap. It is no surprise that many people are adding Bernedoodles to their families. This large breed puppy has a friendly temperament and a fierce loyalty. We personally got a Bernedoodle last year, and she just turned one. I remember the day we brought her home trying to figure out how much to feed a Bernedoodle puppy. As a new puppy parent, the last thing you want to do is over or under feed your new pet, so hopefully this post serves as helpful for you with your new Bernedoodle puppy. This post may contain affiliate links All about Bernedoodles Bernedoodles are adaptable, making them a wonderful choice for novice or veteran owners. They are smart and protective dogs. This makes them great for young ages. If you are just doing your beginning research, the Bernedoodle breed is a combination of a Bernese Mountain Dog and a Poodle. They inherit their intelligence from the Poodle parent. It is obvious that the goofy traits are those of the Bernese Mountain Dog parent. These parent breeds create a perfect family dog. Their size is determined by the Poodle parent. They are broken down into size categories. Bernedoodles can be toy, mini or standard. One thing that is pretty surprising is that the different sizes do not typically affect their food choices during puppyhood. Bernedoodle puppies are known to love younger children. They are playful and gentle as a lifelong companion. Bernedoodles are smart but are also silly. This trait makes them a good choice for all ages. As a mom of four kids, this was very important to me. If you want to learn more about owning Bernedoodle — I have a whole blog post here with all the details on what is like to truly own a Bernedoodle puppy. How much to Feed a Bernedoodle Puppy As you prepare to become a bernedoodle parent, their growth and development are important to you. You are undoubtedly concerned about health issues or health problems that may arise. Did you know that there is a big difference between puppy food and adult dog food? It may be hard to know where to start, but I will break it down for you! In their full size, they are big dogs. At their full height, they are also very tall. Their looks can be deceiving. Even though they are larger dogs, they may not need more food than a typical dog. You want to be prepared with this knowledge before you decide if this dog is right for you. How do you ensure a healthy lifestyle for your pup? It is important to learn how much food is necessary in their different life stages. The Reasoning Behind the Puppy Food New dog owners have several choices to make when it comes to food. It can be overwhelming, but there are a few simple things to keep in mind for a balanced diet. Your main goal is a healthy, happy dog! Adult dogs and puppies have different nutritional needs. Puppy food is specifically designed for growing pups. As they grow, they are burning more calories. This means that they need more calories per pound of body weight to sustain their developing bodies. Bernedoodle puppies need more fatty acids and high protein diets. These puppies complete a majority of their growth within two or three years. In these first few years, they will need higher amounts of protein calories. Veterinarians will say that it is, however, not toxic for your puppy to eat adult dog food. They may suggest that you do your best to stick to these separate kinds of dog food for optimal health. This type of food is typically referred to as adult maintenance for day-to-day living. It should be clearly labeled on the packages. Once they have reached their adult weight, they can maintain the health benefits from their simpler diet. The transition from puppy food to adult dog food should be seamless. Bernedoodle dogs are laid back and not picky! Most of the time, they will eat what is put in front of them. Now that we have covered the difference between the types of dog food, we will get right to specific amounts for Bernedoodle puppies. Our Penny had a very sensitive stomach as a puppy, and we have stuck with this puppy food and been very happy with the choice. She seems to be happy and thriving on it. Specific amounts of Food for Bernedoodle Puppies Young puppies that are two to six months of age typically eat three different times a day. The daily amount of puppy food depends on weeks of age and how much they weigh. It will also depend on how much exercise they receive. I will break that down specifically. But, it is important to keep in mind that their food intake will increase as they grow. At around six months of age, Bernedoodle puppies can eat twice a day. This schedule may continue for adult Bernedoodles. They are growing very quickly. Setting your puppy up with proper nutrients will benefit growth, brain health and a long lifespan. It is helpful to stick to designated eating times for your puppy. Do not forget that It is a good choice to check the directions of the healthy dog food you purchase. On the back of each package, there should be a suggested serving size. As always, contact your veterinarian if you are concerned about how your Bernedoodle is developing. Interestingly enough, adult Bernedoodle dogs tend to only eat one serving a day. They can finish their larger amount of food in one sitting. When they reach an even older age it may be difficult for them to finish this serving in one feeding. It is helpful to spread these servings out for older dogs while it gets harder to finish a meal. At this point you will be in tune to what your Bernedoodle dog needs. Bernedoodles are known for their love of food! It is easy to over-feed your puppy. A general rule is to check their ribs. You should be able to feel the ribs easily but not be able to see them at a glance. This is a great way to check on your Bernedoodle dogs and their weight gain. It can be tempting to feed your pup food from the table. This seems innocent but can create poor eating habits down the road. It can also disrupt their digestive systems. You have worked hard to create a healthy diet and want to keep it that way. If a Bernedoodle puppy is hungry, they will eat from their designated spot and will not need anything extra. Do not forget that although the feeding schedule is important, we cannot forget about giving our dogs plenty of exercise! Long walks will encourage a healthy life for your Bernedoodle and for you. Overall health includes diet and exercise. This is another reason why Bernedoodle puppies are a wonderful family dog. They have plenty of energy to keep up with toddlers. It is also a helpful way to encourage your teens to get outside and away from their technology. Bernedoodle Puppy Food — Dog Food Options With a growing amount of dog food brands, it can be hard to pick the best food. As you browse the isles, it is obvious to note that wet food is more expensive than dry food. However, they are both great options! The standard Bernedoodle loves to eat and they are such large breeds that they can eat a lot. Fortunately for dog owners, many dogs love dry food. Wet or raw dog food has less carbohydrates than dry food and can be more hydrating. Many veterinarians suggest that either kind is a great choice! I would find a brand and type that fits into your grocery budget. Bernedoodles tend to eat what they are given. If only this trait would rub off on the human puppies we have. There is nothing wrong with the dry kibble choice! Each type of dog food has the nutrients it needs to help your dog grow. The biggest difference between dry and wet dog food may be the way it is digested. Keep in mind — that as with kids and yourself there may be adjusting to find what is best for your puppy. Start with a small bag the first time you purchase puppy food, and if you are changing them from what they were on at a breeder or in a shelter mix the new food with the previous food for a slower change on their gut. Now that you have been prepared with nutrition knowledge, you are ready to welcome that pup in to the family. Giving them proper puppy and adult dog food will help create a healthy dog. More than food, your Bernedoodle needs love and affection. This will not be difficult at all. Bernedoodles are easy to create a bond with. I know that you will love your Bernedoodle puppy as much as my family does! If you have any questions feel free to leave them in the comments below, and be sure to pin the photo below to find this post later. Related Posts:. Use tab to navigate through the menu items. Mini Bernedoodles planned for, loved on, and prepared for forever families. If you want to give your dog a treat, then get a treat that is meant for your dog and not for you. The best kinds of treats for your dog are freeze dried meat or fish. This is strictly meat, no additives, no coloring. Chews are good for your dog but do not give your dog rawhide because it comes off in big chunks and can choke your dog. Other chews you should avoid are any sort of treats or chews made in China, buy local as much as possible. Go to your local butcher and ask for raw meaty bones, specifically for dogs. Bully sticks, pig ears, chicken feet, and cow hooves are all very good options. If you would like to get your puppy on a good potty schedule you need to offer your puppy food at least three times a day until it is at least 4 months old or over 3 pounds. After it is 4 months old and eating well and weighs over 3 pounds you can offer it food twice a day, in the morning and evening. Put the food in the pen and leave it for approximately 15 to 20 minutes and then take it up again. Pay attention to see if your puppy does it and just take note that they are eating regularly twice a day. Once you dog is potty trained and if it is not a glutton, you may leave food out for longer periods of time if you prefer. Nutrition The idea that canine diets should be grain free may have come about due to some allergy concerns as well as the realization that dogs are carnivores and should be eating a diet with a substantial amount of meat. Of course, many manufacturers were quick to promote this new fad diet and eager to capitalize on sincerely concerned pet owners. The problem is that there have been no significant studies conducted on these grain free diet feeding plans for dogs. In fact, many veterinarians and even the FDA are now realizing that grain free dog food is actually causing more harm than good. The concern is that when grains are taken out of the food, another filler must be added to take the place of these grains. These fillers are usually high in carbohydrates like peas and lentils, which have been linked to Dilated cardiomyopathy DCM , diabetes, and other serious health issues in dogs. When you are looking for dog food be sure that you do your due diligence and check ingredients, do your research. Look for a reputable brand, which is generally one you can't get at the grocery store. Your local feed store is an excellent source of high quality dog food that often comes with some great advice. Keep mixing and giving more and more of the new food, little by little. In this way you can avoid tummy upsets for your dog. Frequency Of Feeding Bernedoodle puppies have different nutritional requirements compared to adult dogs. Puppies need more frequent meals as their stomachs are smaller, and they require regular energy to fuel their growth. Generally, Bernedoodle puppies that are two to six months of age typically eat three times a day. It is essential to maintain a consistent feeding schedule when raising a Bernedoodle puppy. Choosing The Right Type Of Food When it comes to choosing the right type of food for your Bernedoodle puppy, there are several factors to consider. First and foremost, you will want to make sure that the food you select is appropriate for their size and nutritional needs. Soaking Kibble For Easier Digestion One of the recommended feeding guidelines for Bernedoodle puppies is soaking their kibble in raw milk. Soaking kibble can make it easier for them to digest and absorb nutrients from their food. When puppies eat dry kibble, they tend to swallow large pieces whole, which can lead to digestive issues such as bloating and constipation. For example, by the time Bernedoodles are weeks old, they will be eating one raw meal per day and two kibble meals per day soaked in raw milk. Raw milk contains probiotics that can help promote healthy gut flora and improve overall digestion. It is also high in protein, calcium, vitamin D and other essential vitamins and minerals that support growth development at this stage of life. Factors To Consider When Feeding A Bernedoodle Puppy When feeding a Bernedoodle puppy, age, weight, activity level, and nutritional requirements should all be taken into account to ensure that they are getting the proper amount of food for their growth and development. Age As your Bernedoodle puppy grows and develops, their age plays a crucial role in determining the appropriate feeding regimen. Each stage of growth has specific nutritional requirements to ensure healthy development and weight maintenance. For example, at eight weeks to 12 weeks old, these fluffy pups need about one cup of food three times a day to fuel their rapid growth. Around four months of age, it is important for owners to establish a regular feeding schedule with meals served at consistent times each day. This helps develop good eating habits and prevents potential gastrointestinal issues caused by erratic meal timings. Weight One of the most important factors to consider when determining how much to feed your Bernedoodle puppy is their weight. Activity Level The activity level of a Bernedoodle puppy plays a significant role in determining the appropriate amount and type of food they require. Puppies with higher energy levels will burn more calories throughout the day, thus needing increased caloric intake to support their growth and development. A common rule for puppies is providing 5 minutes of exercise per month of age, times per day; this can help you estimate how much food your pooch needs. Additionally, consulting with your veterinarian about tailoring meal portions can further aid in promoting healthy weight gain and avoiding overfeeding issues. These adorable pups require high-quality, animal-based protein in their diets for optimal growth and development. Additionally, Bernedoodle puppies need higher amounts of calories than adult dogs due to their growth stage. As they grow older, the caloric requirement will decrease gradually before reaching adulthood at around two or three years old. It is recommended to weigh your Bernedoodle at least once a month, preferably more frequently during their growth stage. Moreover, regular weigh-ins can also prevent obesity, which is a common problem among dogs. Overfeeding or underfeeding can lead to various health issues such as joint problems, heart disease, and diabetes. Here are some signs of overfeeding or underfeeding your Bernedoodle puppy: Weight gain or loss: Sudden and drastic weight changes can indicate an imbalance in their diet. Ensure that you keep track of their weight regularly. Low energy levels: Overfeeding can lead to lethargy and low energy levels, while underfeeding can make them restless. Digestive issues: Overfeeding may cause digestive problems such as diarrhea, vomiting, or constipation. Behavioural changes: Overfed puppies may show lack of interest in activities, become irritable or overly aggressive, while underfed puppies tend to become anxious and overly active. Dull coat: Both overfed and underfed puppies may have a dull-looking coat due to poor nutrition. Increased thirst and urination: Overfeeding can lead to excessive water intake resulting in frequent peeing while underfeeding can cause the opposite effect where they drink less water than required. Reduced appetite: Underfed puppies often lose interest in food altogether leading them with a reduced appetite. As a general rule of thumb, the amount of exercise should be limited to 5 minutes per month of age until they reach maturity. Overfeeding can lead to obesity, which can adversely affect their health and cause other problems down the line. Also, be sure to measure out the exact portion sizes recommended for each meal as free-feeding or guessing can lead to overconsumption. Importance Of High-Quality Ingredients Choosing the right type of food for your Bernedoodle puppy is crucial, and one of the most important factors in ensuring their health and wellbeing is selecting high-quality ingredients. High-quality dog food should provide your pup with a balanced diet that includes all the necessary nutritional requirements, such as protein, vitamins, minerals, healthy fats and carbohydrates. When choosing a dog food brand for Bernedoodles puppies or dogs, look out for products that use real meat such as chicken or lamb rather than by-products. Additionally, avoid foods that contain artificial preservatives and fillers like corn gluten meal or wheat flour. This dog food brand also has wholesome grains like brown rice and barley which are easy to digest sources of complex carbohydrates; it maintains energy levels throughout long playtime sessions spent outdoor exercising while supporting digestive health thanks to fiber content from fruits and vegetables plus probiotic strains supplements found within each kibble bite-sized piece they consume. Consider the benefits and drawbacks of dry, wet, and raw food options to make an informed decision. Type of Food. This is important for all dogs but especially for a growing puppy. Protein is what essentially determines the quality of dog food. When you read the label, you will see one or more of the following protein types: Meat protein. As the name implies, this type of protein comes from other animals. It is usually made up of muscle or organ meat and is the closest protein to human quality. It is superior to other types of protein for dogs. Animal by-products. This protein type is made up of the parts of the animal that are not included in meat protein. It can be made of hair, hoofs, lips, and even eyelashes. Vegetable and grain proteins. These are mostly soy- or corn-based. The goal is to provide a diet with more animal protein than veggie protein, which you can do by choosing a food with at least two animal sources of protein listed within the first five ingredients on the bag. Carbohydrates Just like humans, Bernedoodle puppies get energy and dietary fiber from carbs. Many different types of carbs can be found within puppy food. High-quality carbs include rice, barley, and oats, while lower-quality carbs include corn or wheat. Fats and Preservatives Of all the ingredients in puppy food, fats are the most expensive. Because they are harder to extract and more challenging to preserve. The best usable fats for puppies are those from chicken, sunflower, or canola oil. Other fats you might see include fish oil and lactose-free dairy fats. Remember that vitamins are nothing more than organic additives that help give the puppy anything it needs that it is not getting from its food. If the food is of high quality, then there should not be a need for a significant amount of calories coming from vitamins. That said, some vitamins should be included within the food to allow your Bernedoodle puppy to digest it properly. There are two main types of vitamins: Fat-Soluble. Examples include A, D, E, and K, and these types of vitamins are stored in the liver and fatty tissue. Water Soluble. Examples include B and C. You will find plenty of foods with long lists of added vitamins. This might look impressive, but, again, if the food is of high quality, then less is more when it comes to vitamin additives. Consider the Ease of Obtaining Puppy Food Another factor to consider is how easily you can get a food. When it comes to ease of access, you will find three main options: Brands you can find anywhere. These are the most popular brands you have likely heard of, and they can be found at just about any grocery store, big-box store, and even some drug stores. These are also generally the least expensive options. However, they often choose meat from 4-D categories, which means the animals that make up the protein are dead, dying, or diseased. It is also common for the fats used in these brands to be of lower quality and not as easily digestible, which might require your Bernedoodle puppy to eat more to get the nutrients they need. Premium brands. Historically, they were found in specialty pet stores and animal hospitals. They generally use a higher grade of meat and higher quality fats, which means that puppies generally need less of these foods than those that are more commercially available. Holistic foods. These are only found in specialty pet stores or online. These are the cream of the crop and generally have human-grade meats and highly digestible fats. Even the grain carb mix will be made from high-quality foods. You will find many of these to be free from hormones and steroids. Of course, this quality comes with a high price, and they can be harder to find. Once again, the high quality means less food is needed compared to lower-priced options. Balancing Cost and Quality Not everyone can effort to pay for holistic food. The key is to find the best quality you can for the price you can afford. You do not need to spend that much money to keep your puppy in good health. Adult Bernedoodle Nutrition As your Bernedoodle ages, it no longer needs the extra calories for growth. Most dogs will become less active once they leave the puppy stage between 18 months and two years, which further reduces their need for calories. The type of Bernedoodle affects its total expected weight: Standard Bernedoodles get to pounds Miniature Bernedoodles get to pounds Tiny Bernedoodles get to 10 — 24 pounds If you are not sure how much your particular dog is likely to end up weighing, you can talk to your vet. Smaller Bernedoodles might be at their adult weight by six or seven months old, while standard Bernedoodles often grow well beyond 12 months of age. Once again, look at the package for its breakdown of nutrients. The two main options for adult dogs are adult maintenance all-stages. Adult maintenance is generally the better choice for dogs that are overweight or not as active, while all-stage food contains extra nutrients for more active dogs. Senior Bernedoodle Nutrition As your Bernedoodle becomes a senior dog, its nutritional requirements will change. Many senior dogs deal with a wealth of health issues , including obesity, arthritis, and cognitive issues. Meanwhile, they can also suffer from appetite loss. The opposite is actually true. A healthy senior Bernedoodle will need more protein to fuel their muscle. As dogs age, they begin to lose muscle mass — sometimes so much that they cannot move around with assistance. Find the Right Calorie Balance Younger senior Bernedoodles are often overweight, but as they get older, they tend to become underweight. You will need to know the calorie content of the food you are feeding and adjust it accordingly if your dog gains or loses weight when you do not want them to. Because many of the elements that you want a lot of — or none of — vary widely or are not listed at all on regular senior dog food. For example, a dog with heart or kidney disease should have low sodium food, but the amount of sodium on the most popular senior dog food brands ranges from 33 to mg per kcal. Likewise, a dog with kidney disease would need a diet that is low in phosphorous, but no dog food label notes how much phosphorous is in a diet. If your senior Bernedoodle develops a health condition that requires strict control over specific elements of their diet, a prescription diet might be the only place to achieve that goal. You Will Need to Find a Food That Your Dog Likes When it comes to feeding younger Bernedoodles, unless your dog is particularly picky, you can likely feed them whatever is healthiest, and they will be happy to eat it. The same cannot be said for senior dogs, who often do not have a healthy appetite. In addition to loss of appetite, senior Bernedoodles might have dental issues that make it hard to chew their food, or digestive issues that make them uncomfortable after eating certain food types. At this stage, you might choose canned or soft food that they enjoy eating more. You can also help your dog eat more easily by feeding them on a raised platform or while they are lying down so that they do not have to bend down. Bernedoodle Treats When your Bernedoodle is still a puppy, you will need treats for training. You will need to experiment to determine what this is for your puppy. One of the most popular options is freeze-dried liver. Your dog might prefer small pieces of chicken or other proteins. For training, treats should be very small so that your dog can quickly eat them and move on to the next part of the training. If you are training for an extended period and offering a significant number of treats, then you should reduce the amount of kibble you give your puppy to balance the calories they received via treats. As your dog grows, you might still want to treat them from time to time, but you will not be offering them as many treats as you did when they were training. Feeding Schedules for Bernedoodles The amount of food you feed your Bernedoodle will depend on the food you choose for them. Look at the bag to see the recommended number of cups. If you have a puppy, there will be a chart with weeks or months of age along with weight. Find where your puppy fits and feed based on that amount. Note that these are just starting places. Your food might suggest 3 cups of food, but if you find that your puppy is constantly hungry and not gaining weight as quickly as they should, then they might need more. Feeding Frequency Until six months of age, puppies should eat three times per day. After they reach this mark, feeding them twice per day is recommended for the rest of their life. However, if you cannot feed your puppy three times per day, trust that your puppy will adapt. The number of times you feed them is not nearly as important as feeding them the correct amount. If your lifestyle allows for it, feed your puppy or dog at the same time every day. This helps comfort the pup because it will learn that food is coming. It also helps keep their digestion regular and makes it easier for you to notice if your dog is eating more or less than they usually do. If their appetite varies slightly from day to day, there is likely nothing wrong. However, if your Bernedoodle suddenly loses its appetite or changes its diet preferences for several weeks, it is time to call the vet. Post navigation. My Bernedoodle is 18 months old and around 60 lbs. She currently eats 1 cup three times per day and has maintained a healthy weight. Bernedoodles perfectly pair the loyal and laid-back Bernese Mountain dog with the intelligent, low-shedding Poodle. Their gentle but playful nature makes them a popular choice for families with children, but even active seniors and singles can enjoy the company of a Bernedoodle. Also referred to as the Bernese Mountain Poo, Bernedoodles love to eat! Because of this, many new owners have concerns about whether their Bernedoodle is getting enough food. Variations in breed types toy, mini, and full-size , as well as the specific activity levels, age, and health of each dog, can further complicate the feeding time and schedule required for optimal health. Gain more insight on feeding your Bernedoodle in this guide , including the amount, type, and frequency of food. Dogs need a well-balanced diet to support a healthy immune system and proper growth like all living things. As omnivorous animals, dogs need a diet of animal and plant proteins. Malnutrition, or failing to supply any nutrients, can result in serious health complications for a Bernedoodle. Protect your pup with a varied, high-quality diet rich in protein, grains, vitamins, and minerals. Each has its own set of pros and cons. Wet dog food can ease the transition for a weaning puppy, but the prolonged feeding of wet foods particularly canned versions can lead to digestive problems. Dogs who consume a diet primarily of wet foods also tend to have more dental problems, such as plaque buildup and tooth decay. While you can counteract this effect by offering whole bones to your dog, it may not be sufficient in helping them avoid dental issues. Kibble dry dog food is generally the preferred feeding method for dogs, particularly among large dog breed owners. It is often because kibble tends to be less expensive per pound than other dog foods. Kibble also typically lasts longer than raw or cooked food, so there is less potential for waste. The hardness of kibble can also protect a dog from dental issues, as it helps to wear away plaque, the leading cause of tooth decay. If you choose this feeding method for your Bernedoodle, take some time to research and compare the various brands. Pay special attention to major recalls. Opt for a trusted and reputable brand. Consider using dog brand comparison sites for an in-depth look at the ingredients. Avoid by-products and focus, instead, on kibbles that contain mostly whole-food ingredients. Cooked and raw dog food diets have emerged as a trend over the past few years. These diets typically involve the preparation of human foods like liver, eggs, cottage cheese, sweet potatoes, chicken, and beef cuts. However, there are commercial selections available for purchase. The potentially large size of a Bernedoodle can make raw and cooked food diets cost-prohibitive for some owners. Even those that can afford it should talk to their vet. Should it be administered incorrectly, a raw or cooked diet can lead to serious nutrient deficiencies. This can lead to long-term and even life-threatening health problems for your Bernedoodle. Regardless of the age or size of your Bernedoodle, a feeding schedule should be used to prevent overeating and obesity. The only exception is when the pup is weaning during its first three months. Grazing can be permitted during this stage to help them adjust to regular dog food. When Bernedoodle puppies reach four months of age, owners should move to a regular feeding schedule. The pup should be fed at the same time each day, three times daily. At around six months of age, the growth of a Bernedoodle begins to slow, and obesity becomes more of a risk. To minimize it, Bernedoodle puppies should be transitioned to twice-daily feedings once they reach six months of age. Older senior dogs may sometimes need to return to grazing, as they may struggle to eat their entire serving in one sitting. Just be sure to watch your dog for excessive weight gain. Bernedoodles tend to be voracious eaters, so they can quickly become overweight when allowed to graze. Puppies can be especially prone to bone problems if permitted to gain weight too quickly, so watch them closely for any signs of excessive eating. Also, be sure to feed your Bernedoodle the right amount of food. Larger Bernedoodle dogs will need more. However, the amount of dog food should not be determined through charts alone. They are only guidelines. Health, age, exercise and activity levels, and sub-breed can alter the amount of food a Bernedoodle needs — sometimes significantly. Healthy Bernedoodle pups can eat as much as three times the food as an adult dog of the same weight. As such, Bernedoodle owners should start at the minimum amount of food and then monitor the dog for weight loss and weight gain. An observation journal can help you note small changes over time while also allowing you to keep track of how much your Bernedoodle is eating. Dogs getting the appropriate amount of food usually have visible ribs and a tucked tummy. This is when viewed from the side. When viewed from above, they should have a visible waist. If your dog continues to appear underweight, despite increases in food intake. You may need to schedule a trip to the vet to rule out parasites or underlying health conditions. Should you start noticing a rounded stomach, a waist disappears when viewing your dog from the side. Reduce their food amount slightly until their shape returns. You can also take your Bernedoodle out for more exercise to reduce their weight. Bernedoodle Treats — Yes, No, or Sometimes? Treats are often used to train young Bernedoodles. Of course, senior dogs love treats, too! Yet, because Bernedoodles can be prone to overeating, avoiding excessive treat giving with this breed is important. Bernedoodles rarely mind. Give only limited amounts of commercial dog and protein-dense treats to minimize the risk of obesity in your Bernedoodle. Bones with marrow should only be given on occasion. Keeping Your Bernedoodle Healthy Diet is not the only health consideration that Bernedoodles owners need to make, as it is not the only pillar to good health. Depending on their age or specific health needs, your dog may also need additional vitamins or supplements; your vet can advise you further. Such as malnutrition, tooth decay, excessive weight gain, sluggishness, unusual shedding, or other alarming symptoms. Regular check-ups and vaccinations are also important for ensuring good health in your pet. From puppy to senior, you can keep your Bernedoodle happy and healthy. Whereas by feeding them a well-rounded, high-quality diet rich in nutrients, vitamins, and minerals. Good health allows them to be a loved member of your family for years to come. Below is a Pinterest friendly photo…. Sharing is caring! Use tab to navigate through the menu items. How Much to Feed a Bernedoodle One of the most common questions we get is how much to feed their puppy, teenager and adult bernedoodle. Great question and unfortunately many do not understand the needs and requirements of an F1 standard bernedoodle bernese mountain dog x standard poodle that has Bernese mountain dogs in them. So to expect a bernedoodle to have a waist line like a Great Dane will put your bernedoodle into hunger mode and if young will lead to potential behavioral challenges and this is a time when they need calories due to them being a fast growing mixed breed. We shoot for always having a little bit of food left over and we let them have access to food for about minutes but this can be adjusted based on your schedule. We only do this for the breakfast. We will begin adding about tablespoons of different types of lightly cooked meats can go raw as well and sardines to the above topper along with a little bit of cut up or shredded carrots, blueberries and can add other dog friendly fruits and veggies but make sure you check before using. We would also add dog-based salmon oil according to the instructions about a tsp. Often in the morning we would do sweet potato, yogurt, and a meat and dinner some of the other ingredients. Lunch we keep plain. Be sure you are washing your food and water bowls once per day with hot soapy water. Lastly we recommend starting with TLC adult all life stages dog food for large growing breeds like bernedoodles and even for the puppies. The adult food exceeds AAFCO requirements for puppies and has glucosamine and chondroitin which is important for joint development. Many vets compare bernedoodles to what they consider a typical healthy dog build high thin waist line, etc but that is not the case for F1 standard bernedoodles as they will have a thicker build. Recent Posts. They are smart dogs, family-friendly, and very loyal. They can vary in size from 10 pounds to 50 pounds because poodles come in different sizes toy, miniature and standard. Their personalities can vary quite a bit as well, making each Bernedoodle unique! It really depends on which parent breed they take after. They can differ even more the original litter is bred with other Poodles or Bernese Mountain Dogs. Additionally, the Bernedoodle is a newer breed so people are still learning about them with each generation. They usually have curly or at least wavy coats that tend to shed less and cause fewer problems for allergy sufferers. They do not like to be left alone and can develop separation anxiety. Good training can help to prevent this, however, and this quality makes them wonderful canine friends anyway. Feeding Your Bernedoodle Puppy Thorough knowledge of puppy feeding can help deter bad behavior and potential health issues down the road as your puppy blossoms into an adult. Your puppy needs a well-balanced diet just like a human baby. It should contain a combination of proteins from both plant and meat sources, as well as some grains. Also, puppy food and adult dog food are not the same. Puppies require more nutrients and more calories than adult dogs because they are growing so quickly. You can choose between dry food, canned food, cooked food, or raw food. Dry and canned foods are designed to provide all of the nutrients that your puppy needs to grow and be healthy. There are also size-specific food types you can choose from that contain different nutrient amounts or smaller kibble. As puppies transition from nursing to puppy food, it may be easier to feed them a mixture of wet and dry food. This will help them adjust to eating just kibble as they get older. Bernedoodle puppies tend to overeat, so they must be kept on a feeding schedule. Puppies younger than four months can be allowed to graze as needed as they transition from nursing to puppy food. At four months old, Bernedoodle puppies should be fed three times per day, at the same times each day. At six months old, you should transition your Bernedoodle puppy to feedings twice per day instead of three times. Be sure to feed your Bernedoodle puppy early enough in the evening that he has time to digest and go potty or he may have accidents overnight. The amount of food you feed your Bernedoodle puppy can vary greatly based on the size of poodle the Bernese was bred with toy, mini, or standard. Smaller Bernedoodle puppies, those that were bred from toy or miniature poodles, will require much less food than the larger Bernedoodle puppies. Keep an eye on the shape of your puppy. You should be able to see his ribs slightly and his tummy should tuck upward. You should not be able to see his hips, however. Begin feeding your Bernedoodle puppy the smallest amount for their weight, but if he looks underweight, increase that amount gradually. If he looks overweight, decrease his food intake. The first step to determine how much to feed your puppy is to figure out approximately what your puppy will weigh once he is an adult. The following chart show approximately how much to feed your puppy based on weight and age range: Bernedoodle Puppy Feeding Chart 6 weeks to 3 months 4 — 5 months.

We have the answers! What is the price range for a Boxer? The price range for Boxer puppies for sale Florida can be pretty wide. Breeders consider a number of factors when putting a price tag on their precious puppies including gender, coat color, and pedigree. Browse our featured Boxer breeders Florida to get started. Will I meet only local Boxer breeders? When looking for a Boxer for sale in Florida, your initial top choices will be breeders in your city or state. Your chosen breeder can then arrange to have your puppy safely transported to an airport near you. Our vetting process is designed to keep inexperienced breeders and puppy mills out of our network. Breeders and businesses who wish to join us undergo a strict screening process where their breeding knowledge, practices, and facilities are examined. How is Florida Puppies different from other puppy websites? They are good at marketing though! What is a puppy mill like? Puppy mills are dishonest breeders who mistreat their animals and forego essential newborn puppy care to make a bigger profit. Are there any Boxer puppies available in Florida right now? We can help you find out! You can also let us know if you have a specific Boxer puppy in mind! Where are Boxer dogs originally from? Boxers have quite an interesting history that dates back to the late s. It is still up for speculation which specific breeds were crossed to create the Boxer but the list includes the German Bullenbeisser and the Bulldog. The Boxer was created to be a guard dog, a role that it took upon with great success. Today, Boxers do police work but are also popular family dogs. What can I expect from the average Boxer? Boxers are energetic, alert, even-tempered, loyal, loving, and goofy. Boxers are smart and can be trained to do almost anything but keep in mind that they mature slowly -- they are basically puppies until the age of three! As a family dog, Boxers will do anything to protect their family and they are also known to be gentle with kids. How big do Boxers get? Boxers are medium-sized working dogs that can reach a weight of 70 pounds. Male Boxers usually stand at inches at the shoulder while female boxers can reach up to .They are muscular, sturdy, and quite quick. How does Florida Puppies work? Florida Puppies is a network of ethical breeders and businesses and your best source for finding Boxer puppies in Florida. Boxers's Available! For the complete list please see our Boxer Breeders page. These prices are estimates only; each seller can charge whatever they like. The main factor that may affect the price of a boxer puppy is your location within the state which could either increase or decrease the cost. Other factors include breed popularity most popular breeds are generally listed at an average price , whether or not the dog has been AKC registered such registrations often come with a fee and if shipping is included in the price. There are several questions that should always be asked when deciding on whether or not someone is reliable enough to purchase from. Look out for these warning signs: The smell of ammonia or other foul odors this means the boxers were not kept clean Dirty cages, feeds or toys The presence of rats, mice or other pests. If at any point during your visit something seems off, trust your instincts and do not buy from the breeder. In some cases, it might even be helpful to contact your local SPCA or humane society as they may have handled situations involving this particular breeder. Meeting past customers will help you get a feel for whether or not you can trust the breeder and if they produce healthy, happy dogs. If their reviews are negative, be wary of buying from this person. Your breeder should have a good relationship with a veterinarian who is familiar with their practices and the conditions the boxers are kept in. If this is the case, how can you expect them to take care of your pup? Ask to See The Health Certificates for Your Boxer Puppy If any records exist, ask to see proof of all vaccinations, deworming and other procedures listed above; if none do, be wary. For this reason, you need to ask questions and obtain proof of any conditions your puppy may have. If the breeder does not provide this information easily, move on. This will prove that your Boxer Puppy is purebred and that the breeder is authorized to breed boxers. If these documents cannot be provided, take it as a warning sign. There are several simple things you can do in order to get yourself and your house ready. A playpen or kennel is perfect. In addition, you should also have all of the following essentials on hand: Water and food bowls. Expect to pay less for a Carolina Dog puppy for sale without papers, however, we do not recommend buying a puppy without papers. Teddy Bear Puppies for Sale. They will come with Health certificate, all vaccines uptd. Generally, if you want a dog with a straight coat, they are less expensive than those with wavy coats. Find Yorkshire Terrier puppies for sale. Boxer puppies for sale in North Carolina from trusted. Carolina Dog Puppies for Sale. Welcome to Charlotte Dog Club. There are animal shelters and rescues that focus specifically on finding great homes for Carolina Dog puppies in Asheboro, North Carolina. Dogs in Asheville North Carolina. If you are unable to find your puppy in our. Carolina Dog puppies and dogs in Lincolnton, North Carolina. However, free dogs and puppies are a rarity as shelters usually charge a small adoption fee to cover their expenses. Contact us: cedarswampkennel aol. Puppy Basics Choose Breed. Born March 28 rea… more 1 day ago on PuppyFinder. Adopt a Pet can help you find an adorable Carolina Dog near you. A National Breed Club Parent Club is a national organization that is dedicated to the preservation, protection and advancement of a dog breed. A National Breed Club Parent Club is a national organization that is dedicated to the preservation, protection. Charlotte, North Carolina. Here are a few organizations closest to you: Shelter .Browse these Carolina Dog rescues and shelters below. If you are unable to find your puppy in our Puppy for Sale or Dog for Sale sections, please consider looking thru thousands of Dogs for Adoption. Puppy laws vary from state to state and it. Puppies come in a variety of coat colors. I have this tiny Blankman daughter available! Going on 2 years, no litters, bred once and ukc reg. So, here are our favorite seven top-class, reputable breeders of Goldendoodle puppies in North Carolina. Our website updates every 30 minutes. Our dogs are bred for health temperament and intelligence. At the Charlotte Dog Club, we are a club of loving, responsible breeders. Bred to work on farms and stand guard, Bernese are great companions, giant but gentle with kids and protective of their homes. Available Dogs for Adoption in Charlotte From doe-eyed couch potatoes to floppy-eared hiking buds, the Humane Society of Charlotte has all sorts of doggies waiting for their new homes. It's easy and free! Get Notified. Here are a few organizations closest to you:. Puppies for Sale from North Carolina Breeders. Dogs and Puppies, German Shepherd. If you have any questions, please contact us at today! North Carolina Boxer Classifieds Hoobly. You can view our available dogs below. Yorkshire Terrier puppies for sale in North Carolina from. There are plenty of cheap puppies for sale in NC, as well as more expensive puppies too, and the price of each dog depends on various factors like color, temperament, pedigree, and breeder experience. There are animal shelters and rescues that focus specifically on finding great homes for Carolina Dog puppies in Lincolnton, North Carolina. Puppies for sale from dog breeders near Charlotte, North Carolina. North Carolina Dog Rescue. Find your perfect puppy at Petland Raleigh. We offer services in the state for Dog Breeders and buyers alike. There are plenty of cheap puppies for sale in NC, as well as more expensive puppies too, and the price of each dog depends on various factors like color, temperament, pedigree, We care deeply about Boxers and frenchies and have built that love and respect for the breeds into every aspect of our program. When you look for puppies for sale NC with Uptown, we always take your budget into account. It is without doubt the best deal man has ever made. Search for a Carolina Dog puppy or dog. This is the price you can expect to budget for a Carolina Dog with papers but without breeding rights nor show quality. Dogs and Puppies, Cane Corso. Phone or e mail at pughsouthernacres rtmc. Bernese Mountain Dog puppies for sale in North Carolina from. The club develops the breed standard i. They have won in every venue all over the Country including several Best in Shows! We deliver worldwide. He will be ready to go on May 5th. Boxer puppies for sale in North Carolina from trusted breeders. Learn more about how Purina and Petfinder are making a difference together. Two gorgeous miniature poodle puppies available to approved homes. Dogs and Puppies, American Bully. Find your puppy for sale in North Carolina Puppies. Wilmington, North Carolina. Search Articles: Sign Up. They're energetic and playful, while rocking a glorious mane that recalls their royal roots. We need more of that, and need to support those who do it right. Puppies and Dogs near you in North Carolina. If you haven't settled on a particular breed you can find all the breeds of puppies and dogs we have for sale or adoption near North Carolina in these listings. Our sole purpose is to find amazing homes for our beloved babies. Dogs in Charlotte North Carolina. We need more of that, and need to support those who do. Adopt Dogs in North Carolina Filter 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Siberian Husky Beautiful young Husky, loves people, like to play and get belly rubs. North Carolina Pug Classifieds Hoobly. Dogs in Raleigh North Carolina. Will have first vet visit with first round of shots. Our dogs are up to date on all vaccines and preventatives. Learn more puppies available 1, certified breeders Transportation Location Color. Currently, we do not have any Carolina Dog puppies available, but we can alert you when new Carolina Dog puppies are available! Just enter your email address and click submit! Related Breeds Anatolian Shepherd. Look-alike "twins", a female and a male are looking for their forever families! We are the center of their Universe. Should be about lbs when full-grown. Lexington, NC rodogs1 gmail. Jamestown, North Carolina. They serve us in return for scraps. The Maltese, Lhasa apso, Maltese and Havanese are also acceptable crosses. Puppy laws vary from state to state and it is important that you research what dog breed will best suit you as an owner. North Carolina. Before searching "Carolina Dog puppies for sale near me", review their average cost below. All health and breeder records are included. We are the focus of their love and faith and trust. We have all colors of Labrador Retrievers. Receive an email alert when additional puppies are added. This is the price you can expect to budget for a. Find your puppy for sale in North Carolina. Originating from the British Isles, Yorkies worked in mines and then became beloved royal palace dogs. Obedient to one or two word commands. It was the experiments and vision of the Wright Brothers in Kitty Hawk that gave birth to the worlds first powered aircraft in .North Carolina If you haven't settled on a particular breed you can find all the breeds of puppies and dogs we have for sale or adoption near North Carolina in these listings. Filter Dog Ads Search. Dogs in Murphy North Carolina. Tags: Toy hypoallergenic housetrained. None of my dogs will be bred before they have earned to be bred as a proven Squirrel Dog. Puppies for Sale in North Carolina. Save this search and we'll notify you when they are. Here are a few organizations closest to you: Rescue .Iccf registered with full breeding rights. High Point, NC

What is Elbow Dysplasia? The condition eventually causes pain whenever the forelimb is moved and may eventually cause arthritis. Trauma to the elbow joint can also lead to changes within the elbow that mimic elbow dysplasia, but this disease results from genetic factors that cause abnormalities in joint formation, not trauma. Symptoms of Elbow Dysplasia: Dogs who have elbow dysplasia may show signs of the disease by suffering from mild to moderate pain and lameness in their forelimbs as early as four months old or they may not have any symptoms until later in their life. Even though the disease can manifest at any age, it is commonly diagnosed when dogs are around two years old. Dog owners frequently take the dog to the vet complaining of stiffness in the front legs but both elbow joints are usually affected. How soon a dog will show symptoms is related to how severe the abnormality in the joint is. Dogs eventually develop arthritis inflammation in the joint from years of the parts of the joint rubbing against each other. On physical examination the vet may find pain when the elbow is manipulated. There may also be swelling, crepitus a crunching noise and a decrease in the range of motion the dog has. There are different types of elbow dysplasia and the vet may order a CT scan to identify which type of elbow dysplasia the dog has. In addition, arthroscopy surgery or open joint surgery is considered the best way to determine the extent of the damage in the joint. If arthritis has already set in it is more difficult to know how beneficial this surgery will be. Arthroscopic surgery surgically inserting a scope -is considered the best option for cases that are good candidates for surgical intervention. Open joint surgery — may also be the best option for some cases. Board-certified veterinary surgeons are advisable for the surgical diagnosis and treatment of all forms of elbow dysplasia. Elbow replacement surgery — is currently being researched, but still unavailable. Non-Surgical Options: We can manage pain by treating dogs with pain relieving drugs and glucosamine and fatty acid supplements. However, due to the discomfort and debilitation a dog suffers from this disease, some dogs may have increased lameness and even a decreased lifespan. Prevention: The best way to prevent elbow dysplasia is to prevent it from occurring by not breeding dogs can pass it to future generations. Elbow dysplasia Elbow lameness: In a young dog, a deformed elbow may be the problem The term dysplasia refers to a developmental defect, where abnormal cells appear in a particular type of tissue or organ. And while hip dysplasia tends to get the headlines for canine orthopedic health, elbow dysplasia can be equally debilitating. Elbow dysplasia is the second-most common cause of elbow lameness in dogs. The first is osteoarthritis, which can be associated with elbow dysplasia. Breed prevalence Rottweilers, Labrador Retrievers, German Shepherd Dogs, Golden Retrievers and Chow Chows head the list of breeds with a high prevalence of this orthopedic problem, but any dog can suffer from elbow dysplasia. Large dogs are most likely to develop it, but Pugs are second on the prevalence list produced by the Orthopedic Foundation for Animals. Elbow dysplasia is a genetic ailment, so breeders are encouraged not to use affected dogs in their breeding programs. While elbow dysplasia cannot be cured, it can be well-managed. With surgery and the appropriate medical management, many dogs have a good long-term prognosis. Some dogs will start refusing to exercise, with a noticeable decrease in their overall activity level. Dogs with this defect often move by turning their paw inward, noticeably holding their elbow out from the body in an attempt to shift weight off the sore part of the joint. If your dog has elbow dysplasia only on one side of their body, you or your veterinarian may notice their lameness earlier. That is the clinical picture if both elbows are affected but one side hurts more than the other. If both elbows are equally affected, then it can be more difficult to pick up on lameness. Most dogs will try to compensate with a shortened stride, and the range of motion in their joints is generally reduced. Another clue is if you see your dog manipulating their leg by extending and flexing the elbow joint — an action that is often associated with pain. Even with a more stoic dog, owners may notice some swelling of affected elbow joints along with abnormal warmth in the area. In dogs, the elbow joint involves three bones: the humerus, ulna and radius. These bones must all work together perfectly to give your dog pain-free movement in their elbow joint. Diagnosis True elbow dysplasia will not be diagnosed before 4 to 6 months of age, when the growth plates in joints are still closing. Most dogs are a couple of months older before a clear-cut diagnosis is made. Most dogs are diagnosed with elbow dysplasia by physical examination and by doing a thorough lameness evaluation at 4 to 12 months of age. In mild cases, however, affected dogs may not show lameness until 7 or 8 years of age, when arthritis kicks in. Diagnosing an elbow problem requires a thorough lameness exam with radiographs. Flexed views of both elbows can show defective areas and identify early arthritic changes. A CT scan and arthroscopic surgery to look into the joint are used to guide diagnosis and therapy. Treatment As with so many health problems, early intervention is best. For mild cases of elbow dysplasia, the goal of surgery is to remove any damaged tissues, which will often help to relieve pain, at least temporarily. Dogs with moderate-to-severe elbow deformities may need extensive surgery to realign the malformed elbow joint. A new option for dogs is surgical elbow replacement, a very difficult, expensive option. There are several elbow replacement systems available, but they all come with very serious complications. We are still diligently working on improving surgical approach and implant designs to reduce complications. Follow-up rehabilitation will be critical. Prevention For any puppy, but especially ones with a greater risk for any orthopedic defect, keeping the puppy trim as they grow is important. Your veterinarian may recommend some joint supplements right from a young age, even for normal pups, and they will encourage moderate exercise. This is when your dog repetitively jumps down off the bed, off the couch, out of your car and other similar movements. Going down long flights of stairs frequently can also add trauma. Many breeders recommend that puppies avoid more than 2 or 3 stairs until 6 months of age or older since the potential for damage is worse for puppies than for adult dogs. Rigorous use of screenings for breeding animals with full public information is currently the best bet for decreasing cases of elbow dysplasia. Normal parents may produce elbow problems, but the incidence is much lower than if one or both parents have bad elbows themselves. He personally recommends taking action as soon as possible to detect pain and lameness early, perform an arthroscopic coronoidectomy, followed by intensive non-surgical supportive care. It has been a humbling experience," he says. I believe it is arrogant to think we can fix it once the problem develops. Some dogs feel very sore with a Grade 1 diagnosis, whereas others rated Grade 3 are minimally lame. Grade 1: Minimal bone change along the anconeal process of their ulna at less than 2 mm Grade 2: Additional bone proliferation along the anconeal process 2—5 mm and subchondral bone changes trochlear notch sclerosis Grade 3: Well-developed degenerative joint disease with bone proliferation along the anconeal process being greater than 5 mm There are three other processes that describe specific types of bony defects in the elbow: fragmented medial coronoid process FCP , osteochondrosis of the humeral condyle and ununited anconeal process. These all fall under the umbrella of elbow dysplasia umbrella, and they all lead to secondary arthritis. Some dogs will be affected on just one side, but many dogs will have problems with both elbows. Fragmented coronoid process is the most common. There is the potential to make them worse, and surgery is expensive. The elbow cannot correct itself. That said, if surgery is impossible for other reasons, then medical-management strategies designed to help with severe arthritis are your next-best choice. Therapies include: Weight management: Simply getting your dog to their normal weight may decrease their pain dramatically. Exercise: Moderate exercise moves the joint and builds cushion. Be sure to use proper warm-up and cool-down periods. For example, if your dog loves to play ball, a minute walk will help loosen their joints so that they can move more freely. Laser treatments, TENs transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation , ice therapy and acupuncture may be worth trying. Pain medications: Your veterinarian may recommend a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug NSAID , such as carprofen, to help keep your dog comfortable. Joint supplements: Ingredients like glucosamine, hyaluronic acid and chondroitin encourage healthy cartilage and increased joint fluid, which help act as cushions. Work with your veterinarian to choose the best supplement for your dog. Injectables: Adequan is another injectable drug that could help with the accompanying osteoarthritis and pain. Injecting platelet-rich plasma PRP into the joint has also been used with some success in canine elbow dysplasia. Synovetin OA is a new, injectable medication that uses electron therapy to target macrophages and synoviocytes in the painful elbow. It must be injected directly into the affected joint. Elbow Dysplasia Overview Canine elbow dysplasia is a common disorder and has been shown to be more prevalent than hip dysplasia in some breeds. The problem is a congenital, hereditary disease affecting young dogs, usually under one year of age. This mal-alignment causes abnormal pressure or joint loading, and chronic rubbing which wears away the cartilage resulting in severe osteoarthritis. Elbow dysplasia can be broken down into numerous underlying pathologies such as fragmented medial coronoid process, osteochondritis dissecans and medial compartment syndrome just to name a few. Definitive diagnosis is made via CT scanning and arthroscopic examination. Some cases can be treated entirely with arthroscopic procedures. Clinical signs of elbow dysplasia The primary clinical sign of canine elbow dysplasia is limping or lameness. Head bobbing at a fast walk or slow trot is typical of front limb lameness. The lameness is usually not recognizable at a run. Some dogs with elbow dysplasia are reluctant to go for long walks or play for long periods of time. Dogs with elbow dysplasia also have limited range of motion ROM in the elbow joints and have pain on elbow extension and flexion. The limited ROM may cause discomfort and difficulty when lying down in sternal position. Diagnosis of elbow dysplasia The diagnosis of canine elbow dysplasia is based on physical examination, radiographs X-rays , computerized tomography CT Scan and ultimately arthroscopy. The surgeons at CCOR can make a fairly accurate diagnosis of elbow dysplasia and discuss the next steps based on physical examination and simple X-rays alone. CT scanning is often needed for the ultimate, final treatment plan. Arthroscopy is used both as a diagnostic tool and to treat elbow dysplasia. Treatment options for elbow dysplasia The treatment options for canine elbow dysplasia depend on the actual definitive diagnosis. Non-surgical treatments include pain management, physical therapy, nutraceuticals such as glucosamine, and various intra-articular injections. All of these options may be indicated in older dogs, or in conjunction with arthroscopic treatments, but none of the above listed treatments address the underlying problem. A common misconception regarding joint injections stem cells, PRP, etc. Intra-articular injections joint injections are commonly performed but with somewhat variable clinical results. Stem cells, platelet rich plasma PRP , hyaluronic acid HA and glucocorticoid steroids are the typical products injected. Recent studies have shown clinical improvement in some dogs with elbow dysplasia treated with PRP. The duration of improvement is currently unknown, but a best guess would be 6 months. Colorado Canine Orthopedics has extensive experience with intra-articular joint injections and we would be happy to discuss the pros and cons of joint injections for individual patients. Surgical treatment options can be broken down into arthroscopic treatments, osteotomies bone cuts to realign the bones, or a combination of both. Virtually all board certified surgeons agree that dogs with elbow dysplasia require a thorough arthroscopic examination both to evaluate pathology and provide treatment. The arthroscope usually mm in diameter is passed through the opening and into the joint. Joint visualization via magnified arthroscopy is incredibly thorough comparted to open joint inspection which is minimal at best. Bone and cartilage fragments and other joint debris can be identified and removed via arthroscopy. Dogs undergoing arthroscopic elbow surgery have a fair to excellent prognosis depending on the exact diagnosis, degree of incongruency and existing osteoarthritis OA. Nearly all surgeons agree our best defense against progressive OA is to obtain an accurate diagnosis CT and arthroscopic examination , remove any free fragments and minimize abnormal joint contact. Overall, the majority of dogs with elbow problems lead a fairly normal life although some degree of OA is inevitable. Fragmented medial coronoid process Fragmented coronoid process is a subset of elbow dysplasia that affects large and giant breed dogs, particularly Retrievers, Rottweilers, Mastiffs, Bernese Mountain dogs, and German Shepherd dogs. Malalignment and overloading of the medial innermost aspect of the joint compartment are believed to be key in this pathology. Loading or abnormal weight bearing on the medial compartment leads to concurrent cartilage erosions often full thickness and possible fragmentation of the medial coronoid. Diagnosis of fragmented coronoid process and medial compartment disease can be challenging. Radiographs are helpful but not definitive. In our opinion, arthroscopy is the ideal modality for the diagnosis of fragmented coronoid process because it allows accurate diagnosis and treatment of the fragment, as well as cartilage assessment. Traditional open surgery to diagnose fragmented coronoid is antiquated. First and foremost, the surgical approach to the elbow joint that affords the surgeon a thorough inspection is invasive and has moderate post-operative morbidity. Secondly, the arthroscopic visualization of key structures is far superior to an invasive surgical approach. Treatment of fragmented coronoid process in mild cases involves arthroscopic removal of the fragmented bone and cartilage. Arthroscopy is fast, effective, and minimally invasive. Arthroscopic treatment takes between 15 and 30 minutes per elbow and virtually all dogs can be treated on an outpatient basis. In mild cases the prognosis for return to normal activity is excellent. Most dogs return to normal activity within a few weeks to a few months with little or no lameness. In moderate cases, the coronoid process is both fragmented and abnormal in size and shape, cartilage erosion is present on both the medial humeral condyle and the non-fragmented portion of the remaining medial coronoid. In these situations, the fragment is removed and a partial coronoidectomy is performed arthroscopically. An ulnar osteotomy may also be performed in moderate cases. The prognosis for moderate cases of fragmented coronoid process is less certain. If the aforementioned treatments are performed and the cartilage is in fair condition, many dogs have no or minimal lameness and the progression of arthritis is slow. Medial compartment disease In the majority of dogs with chronic severe elbow dysplasia, all of the cartilage on the medial innermost aspect of the joint is worn away, resulting in what is now termed medial compartment disease. Unfortunately, this degree of osteoarthritis is difficult to successfully treat. Arthroscopy can be used to remove any free fragments and the joint. Several osteotomies such as proximal dynamic ulnar osteotomy and PAUL procedure can also be used to treat medial compartment syndrome with variable results. Platelet rich plasma has shown some promise for short term improvement but will not promote cartilage regrowth. Elbow replacement is available, and has been performed at CCOR, but the procedure is new and long-term results are not yet available. Canine osteochondritis dissecans OCD Osteochondritis Dissecans OCD is a juvenile bone disease that can affect the shoulder, stifle, tarsal and elbow joints of young dogs. Osteochondritis Dissecans is a subset of osteochondrosis. Osteochondrosis is a failure of endochondral ossification; the process by which most bones grow and involves juvenile cartilage being replaced by bone. This failure of cartilage becoming bone results in overly thick joint cartilage adjacent to the joint figure 1. The deepest layer of this thickened cartilage is inadequately nourished resulting in cell death figure 2. Cartilage debris and inflammatory mediators are released into the joint fluid and inflammation ensues. Elbow OCD affects young large and giant breed dogs. Limping is the common clinical sign. Many dogs have pain on elbow flexion and extension, as well as limited range of motion. Radiographs are helpful in diagnosing OCD, but CT scanning and arthroscopy are used for definitive diagnosis. Treatment for elbow OCD involves arthroscopic debridement followed by a cartilage grafting procedure called osteochondral autograph transfer system OATS. Artificial cartilage plugs Synacart by Arthrex can also be used to fill the defect. Some forms of biological treatment such as platelet rich plasma or stem cells have also been advocated but will not result in cartilage regeneration despite claims made by some. Canine ununited anconeal process UAP Ununited anconeal process UAP is an elbow disorder most often affecting young German Shepherds, although it can be seen in almost any breed. The underlying problem is not clearly understood. UAP may be associated with malalignment of the elbow joint or a genetic juvenile bone disorder called osteochondrosis. The most common clinical signs are limping and swelling of the elbow joint. Clinical signs usually appear at about months of age. Radiography, CT scan and arthroscopy are used to make the diagnosis. Treatment options include arthroscopy, ulnar osteotomy, fragment removal or fragment re-attachment. Treatment should be initiated as soon as the diagnosis is made. The prognosis is fair to good. Cost of elbow disorder treatments Veterinary specialty care is a double-edged sword these days no pun intended. All major orthopedic procedures are more sophisticated, successful, and less invasive today than they were in the past. These advances come at a cost for the surgeon and client. Fees for elbow arthroscopy includes anesthesia and monitoring, nerve blocks when needed, and routine go home medication. Radiographs and CT scans are charged for separately and should be discussed at the time of the initial consultation. Osteotomies, when required, are charged for separately and should be discussed on a case by case basis. At Colorado Canine Orthopedics we are committed to providing only state of the art, non-compromised pet healthcare. We realize some pet owners may find this level of care relatively costly. However, despite the inherently expensive nature of our work, we are dedicated to providing the highest level of care at the most affordable price possible. We believe if you compare our fees to other specialty practices you will find this true. Back to Top. References 1. Clinical and pathological effects Elbow dysplasia ED is a general term that encompasses five distinct anatomical problems that tend to result in malformation of the elbow joint and to early-onset osteoarthritis. HCO, and the other four, are described below. Fragmented medial coronoid process FMCP : The medial coronoid process is a piece of bone that should form part of the top of the ulna and part of the elbow joint. In FMCP, during early development, this fails to connect to the ulna. Ununited anconeal process UAP : The anconeal process is a protrusion of the top of the ulna. Developmentally, it starts as a separate bone which should fuse to the ulna. When this fusion fails to happen, the dog suffers from a UAP. Elbow incongruity IC : Dogs with IC have malformed articular surfaces of the three bones that make up the elbow and because of this they do not fit together normally. It can affect the weight-bearing surfaces between the humerus and the radius and ulna and also the way in which the upper part of the ulna fits inside the lower end of the humerus Schwarz .Ununited medial epicondyle UME : This is an uncommon condition in which the medial epicondyle, a bone on the end of the humerus, fails to unite with the humerus during development. Here the focus is on HCO. Other forms of elbow dysplasia can also occur in this breed, especially UAP Keller et al , and HCO is also common in other dogs, particularly those of large body size. More than one form of elbow dysplasia may be seen in the same elbow. Figure 1. The three bones of the elbow joint separated and in normal alignment. In a healthy canine elbow joint the ulna and radius form a flat surface for articulation with the humerus. Image property of Phil Witte, to whom we are grateful for permission to reproduce it here. At their upper ends, the radius and part of the ulna form a flattened surface that bears the load imposed by the condyles of the humerus. The condyles of the humerus are two fist-like projections on the lower end of the humerus that articulate with the radius and ulna bones at the elbow joint. They are formed of bone covered with joint cartilage. The condyle on the inside on the side of the humerus adjacent to the body is the medial condyle, the other is the lateral condyle. Figure 2. The anterior front view of the humerus, highlighting the location of the humeral condyles. Bones grow through growth of cartilage and, as the cartilage layer thickens, the lower, older layers become ossified — that is, they turn into bone. In osteochondrosis, trauma, nutritional disturbance or other factors disturbs this process of ossification so an area of thickening cartilage develops. As cartilage has no blood supply it cannot function well when it is thicker than normal. Thick cartilage degenerates and an area of diseased cartilage forms. This may crack, cavities may form within it, and it may fragment Guthrie et al .When cartilage fragments break free into the joint the condition is called osteochondrosis dessicans,and the function of the joint is compromised. In early stages, when only cartilage is affected, the disease is only detectable with direct observation by surgery usually arthroscopy. Only later, when bone is also diseased, will changes be detectable on radiography Remy et al , Baines .Figure 3. The deeper layers of articular cartilage red covering the surface of the humeral condyles have failed to turn to bone. The result is an abnormally thick layer of cartilage, which can then crack and fragment due to a lack of blood supply, causing discomfort and inhibiting the action of the joint. Dogs with HCO develop osteoarthritis degenerative joint disease of the elbow. In osteoarthritis there are progressive changes to the cartilage of the affected joint, varying amounts of inflammation and ongoing damage to other joint structures - the joint capsule, the synovial fluid of the joint and the surrounding bone. These changes are often present by months of age but can show later. Typical signs include: stiffness after rest, lameness which can be worse after exercise and pain when the leg is straightened or bent. Such signs are indistinguishable from other causes of elbow dysplasia and imaging of the joint eg by radiography is usually needed to make a definitive diagnosis Schwarz , Shell .Affected dogs may be treated with rest and pain-killers, and often treatment needs to be life-long. Removal of the diseased cartilage is often recommended. This can be performed using open joint surgery or with an arthroscope an endoscope designed for joints via key-hole incisions. Figures 4a and 4b. Osteoarthritic changes to the shape and structure of the elbow joint. The shaded areas on figure 4a extended elbow and 4b flexed elbow represent the changes to bone and cartilage as a result of HCO and other forms of elbow dysplasia. Images property of the British Veterinary Association Elbow Dysplasia Scheme, to whom we are grateful for permission to reproduce them here. Return to top 2. Intensity of welfare impact HCO causes pain and disability associated with osteoarthritis. This can vary from mild to severe. Welfare may also be affected as a result of the veterinary investigations from visits to veterinary practices, examinations, anaesthetics and surgery and treatments of the disease for example: the side effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs — examples of which include aspirin and ibuprofen - on the gastrointestinal tract. Return to top 3. Duration of welfare impact The mild to severe pain and disability that result from the osteoarthritis seen in this disease can be expected to start during the first few months of life and, without successful treatment, to continue for life. Treatment may help. Return to top 4. From data on estimates of total dog population in the UK and on the percentage of all micro-chip registered dogs that are German Shepherd dogs Lucy Asher, , personal communication , we estimate that the UK population size of this breed may be around , million. It may be, therefore, that there are about 50 - 85, dogs with this form of elbow dysplasia in the UK. Return to top 5. Determining the type of elbow dysplasia, its extent and the degree of secondary osteoarthritis requires further diagnostic investigations. Exploratory surgery is used to find fragments of bone, this is both diagnostic and can be therapeutic. It has been suggested that the best combination of diagnostic tests is CT plus arthroscopy Moores et al .Return to top 6. The heritability of the disease in GSDs has been found to be around 0. This is the proportions of the disease considered to be due to genetic rather than environmental influences. There may also be genetic factors affecting the degree of osteoarthritis that develops in an individual, independent of the genetics of the initial cause of the disease Clements et al .A genetic link between the presence of ED and hip dysplasia has been found but the genes involved have not been determined Cachon et al .Return to top 7. How do you know if an animal is a carrier or likely to become affected? Affected dogs should not be used for breeding. Determining carriers - those which carry and may pass on the gene s but which do not show signs of the disease themselves - is not currently possible. Return to top 8. Methods and prospects for elimination of the problem A voluntary scheme for grading the elbows of dogs susceptible to elbow dysplasia all forms has been in operation in the UK since although it has been suggested that breeder uptake has been relatively low Sampson .It is recommended that animals are not bred before two years of age females and 18 months males. This is so that animals selected for breeding are old enough to have revealed signs of the disease. In this scheme, dogs are scored once when over one year old. Radiographs taken by a local veterinary surgeon are forwarded to veterinary radiologists on the scheme panel for assessment. Each elbow is graded , with zero meaning that no evidence of elbow dysplasia was seen. If the two elbows have different grades, then the higher of the two grades is the one used for the dog. The scheme recommends that dogs used for breeding should have grades of zero or one and that those with higher scores are not bred from. Like other complex, multi-gene diseases in which environmental factors also play a part, good progress in reducing the prevalence of HCO is likely to be aided by greater knowledge of the underlying genetics. Treating the different forms of ED as separate entities is also likely to be helpful Innes .One approach is to breed from dogs that have better a breeding value see below than average for the breed Sampson .This takes account of both the individual being evaluated and its relatives and compares its likely genetic health to the average for the breed Malm et al .This would also take other conditions with known genetic influences into account, and there are many of these in GSDs eg degenerative myelopathy and hip dysplasia. It has been found that ED is more likely to occur in animals with hip dysplasia and both conditions should be screened for and considered in breeding programmes Cachon et al .Out-breeding GSDs with dogs of breeds known to have a much lower prevalence of HCO and of elbow dysplasia ED in general may lead to fewer being born with a lifetime of painful joint problems before them. Return to top 9. References 1. Clinical and pathological effects Elbow dysplasia ED is a general term that encompasses five distinct anatomical problems that tend to result in malformation of the elbow joint, and that lead to early-onset osteoarthritis. Ununited anconeal process UAP is one of these problems, and is the main focus here, but some of the other four conditions outlined below are referred to in the descriptions below about how UAP may develop. These conditions are: Fragmented medial coronoid process FMCP : The medial coronoid process is a piece of bone that should form part of the top of the ulna and of the elbow joint. In FMCP this fails, during development, to connect to the ulna. Osteochondrosis dissecans OCD : In OCD an area of joint cartilage develops abnormally or becomes damaged leading to thickening, cracking and fragmentation of the cartilage. Elbow incongruity IC : Dogs with IC have malformed articular surfaces of the three bones that make up the elbow and because of this they do not fit together normally. It can affect the weight-bearing surfaces between the humerus and the radius and ulna and also the way in which the upper part of the ulna fits inside the lower end of the humerus Schwarz .Ununited medial epicondyle UME : This is an uncommon condition in which the medial epicondyle, a part of the humerus, fails to unite with the humerus during development. At their upper ends, the radius and part of the ulna form a flattened surface that bears the load imposed by the humerus. The anconeal process protruberance is normally part of the end of the ulna. Its main function is not weight bearing, rather it helps to stabilize the elbow joint, particularly when the leg is extended. The anconeal process articulates with the caudal towards the tail of the dog surface of the humerus the back of the elbow joint and when the leg is extended straightened it fits into a hole at the lower end of the humerus called the humeral fossa. Figure 1. The three bones of the elbow joint separated and in normal alignment. In a healthy canine elbow joint the ulna and radius form a flat surface for articulation with the humerus. Image property of Phil Witte, to whom we are grateful for permission to reproduce it here. Figure 2. A diagram of the upper end of the ulna illustrating the locations of the coronoid and anconeal processes. But in breeds with large body size it is normal for the anconeal process to start as a separate small bone at birth, which, during development, should fuse on to the ulna. This usually occurs by 20 weeks of age. In UAP this fails to happen. The cause of this is unclear but one possibility is that it is a consequence of the radius growing disproportionately longer than the ulna such that the elbow joint is malformed and the anconeal process experiences abnormal pressures that cause it to be pushed away from the ulna, thus preventing it from fusing uniting. UAP therefore only becomes apparent in dogs aged over 20 weeks Schwarz .Figure 3. In larger dog breeds, the anconeal process forms separately. It should fuse with the ulna during development. Dogs with UAP develop osteoarthritis degenerative joint disease of the elbow. In osteoarthritis there are progressive changes to the cartilage of the affected joint, varying amounts of inflammation and ongoing damage to other joint structures - the joint capsule, the synovial fluid of the joint and the surrounding bone. These changes are often present by months of age and lead to clinical signs later. Typical signs include: stiffness after rest, lameness which can be worse after exercise and reduced mobility of the joint, with the leg tending to be held twisted outwards abducted and suppinated. Such signs are indistinguishable from those shown in other forms of elbow dysplasia and imaging of the joint is usually needed to make a definitive diagnosis Schwarz .Figure 4a Figure 4b Figures 4a and 4b. Osteoarthritic changes to the shape and structure of the elbow joint. The shaded areas on figure 4a extended elbow and 4b flexed elbow represent the changes to bone and cartilage as a result of UAP and other forms of elbow dysplasia. We are grateful to the BVA for permission to reproduce them here. This male bias may be associated with the greater weight of males Hazelwinkel .Affected dogs may be treated with rest and pain-killers, and often treatment needs to be lifelong. Various surgical procedures have been recommended but there is no clear consensus as to which is best. Return to top 2. Intensity of welfare impact UAP causes pain and disability associated with osteoarthritis. This can vary from mild to severe. Welfare may also be affected as a result of the veterinary investigations and treatments of the disease. Return to top 3. Duration of welfare impact The mild to severe pain and disability that result from the osteoarthritis seen in this disease can be expected to start during the first few months of life and, without successful treatment, to continue for life. Treatment may help but keeping affected dogs free from pain and avoiding disabilities is often challenging. Return to top 4. However, they suggested that this population of dogs may have already been prescreened to exclude dogs likely to be affected by UAP. From data on estimates of total dog population in the UK and on the percentage of all micro-chip registered dogs that are GSDs Lucy Asher , personal communication , we estimate that the UK population size of this breed may be around , Return to top 5. Diagnosis UAP can only be diagnosed in dogs older than about five months as it is normal for those breeds in which UAP occurs to have an ununited anconeal process prior to this Schwarz .Elbow disease and pain may be apparent. In cases of UAP it is more difficult to detect other concurrent forms of elbow disease Meyer-Lindenberg et al .Return to top 6. Genetics UAP is generally a disease of large dogs, as it is only in these that the anconeal process develops separately from the ulna. It is known that the father and mother contribute equally to the likelihood of the development of elbow dysplasia Maki et al .There are genetic influences both on the presence or absence of UAP and on whether, and to what degree, osteoarthritis occurs in an individual with UAP Clements et al .Return to top 7. How do you know if an animal is a carrier or likely to become affected? Affected dogs should not be used for breeding. Determining carriers - those which carry and may pass on the gene s but which do not show signs of the disease themselves - is not currently possible. Return to top 8. Methods and prospects for elimination of the problem A voluntary scheme to grade the elbows of dogs susceptible to elbow dysplasia all forms has been in operation in the UK since although it has been suggested that breeder uptake has been relatively low Sampson .In this scheme, the elbows are scored once when the dog is over one year old. Radiographs taken by a local veterinary surgeon are forwarded to veterinary radiologists on the scheme panel for assessment. Each elbow is graded , with zero meaning that no evidence of elbow dysplasia was seen. If the two elbows have different grades, the higher of the grades is the one used to characterise the dog. The scheme recommends that dogs used for breeding should have grades of zero or one and that those with higher scores should not be used for breeding. No evidence has yet been published as to whether this scheme has been effective in reducing the prevalence of elbow dysplasia in the GSD. A comparable scheme run in New Zealand since seems to have significantly reduced the severity of ED in GSDs being screened for the disease prior to breeding Worth et al and one run in Sweden since , appears to have reduced the prevalence of elbow dysplasia in Swedish Bernese Mountain dogs and Rottweilers Swenson et al , Malm et al .In common with other complex, multi-gene diseases that are influenced also by environmental factors, efforts to reduce the prevalence of UAP are complicated by the lack of information about the underlying genetics. One approach is to breed from dogs that have a better estimated breeding values EBV than average for the breed for this condition Sampson .The EBV is a numerical prediction of the relative genetic value of a particular dog in relation to one or more genetic problems and to degree of inbreeding. EBVs are calculated using all available information on the dog including pedigree, health status and physical characteristics. For this type of health programme to work many breeders and owners need to submit their animals for monitoring and analysis. EBVs are also useful because they enable selection against several hereditary diseases simultaneously and this is relevant in the case of the GSD which is predisposed to a number of hereditary disorders eg hip dysplasia, degenerative myelopathy, exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, anal furunculosis. Out-breeding GSDs with breeds known to have much lower prevalences of UAP and elbow dysplasia ED is likely to result in fewer dogs being born with a lifetime of painful joint problems before them. Return to top 9.

Helms family .We are conveniently located about an hour outside of Charlotte, in Norwood, North Carolina, in the small community of Cottonville also just 15 minutes from Albemarle, NC. Our property is sixty acres of fields, grass, woods and a creek for our Goldens to explore and enjoy. We are situated off the main road, so our girls and boys can play to their hearts content every day. So take a look around, and visit with us. We believe in taking as natural approach to their health as possible, so our pups are raised with limited intervention, aside from their vaccinations and regular dewormings, These babies receive lots of socialization from our small children and other visitors we have : We also supplement with NuVet Plus, and send home samples with each pup. We are AKC inspected, and welcome your visit by appointment, can't wait to meet you! See our Reserving a Puppy page for answers to frequently asked questions and to download a copy of our reservation form and health guarantee.We are continually updating these as we receive them. This allows us to carefully select our moms and dads, to ensure you the healthiest pup! We screen for hips, elbows, eyes, and heart, as per the Golden Retriever standard. To play, press and hold the enter key. To stop, release the enter key. We have answers. Any Golden Retriever for sale in Charlotte you may bring home to an apartment will acclimate to limited living space. And while they have gentle temperaments and get-along attitudes, keep in mind that these are medium-large dogs that are full of energy. How big do the Charlotte Golden Retrievers for sale eventually get? Male Golden Retrievers usually weigh between 65 to 75 pounds and tend to reach a height of around 23 or 24 inches. Females are generally smaller, weighing from 55 to 65 pounds and standing around 21 or 22 inches high. Are Golden Retriever puppies in Charlotte available for in-person pickups? Each of the breeders and businesses in Uptown's coast-to-coast network has different policies on how they like to handle the transfer of your puppy. You can speak to them directly about transportation, as well as your pup's health, current diet, different milestones, or any other aspect of your puppy you'd like to know about. How is Uptown different from other places with Charlotte Golden Retriever puppies for sale? Visiting each of the Golden Retriever breeders in Charlotte might be nice. But that's just not a practical plan for most. Even if you could, you're still seeing only a small fraction of the pups you could be choosing from with Uptown. We've created a space that's safe for you to search a huge selection of puppies in Charlotte and across the country. What are the origins of the Golden Retriever puppies Charlotte breeders have? To create a new hunting breed in the mids, the Scottish aristocrat began by crossing a Yellow Flatcoated Retriever with a now-extinct Tweed Water Spaniel. His breeding program, which later included various Spaniels and Setters, resulted in the Golden Retriever. How does Uptown Puppies work? All you need to do is start scrolling through the pups on the site -- maybe with no plan, or perhaps with a special Charlotte Golden Retriever for sale in mind. Pick a pup. Chat with the breeder. With your questions answered, you can next talk about transportation, and soon enough that puppy will be yours! How do I know that the Golden Retriever puppies for sale Charlotte breeders have are healthy? Each of the Charlotte Golden Retriever breeders and businesses in the Uptown network can offer complete "nose-to-tail" health exams. That means checking out everything from the basics of eyes, ears, and teeth to more complex diagnostics of respiratory, gastrointestinal, and cardiovascular systems, and more. Absolutely not! And be wary of "deals" when looking for a puppy. Any pup with a cheap price tag almost certainly comes from a disreputable breeder who would never make it into our network. A puppy from a bad breeder may come with health and behavioral problems that could cost you in visits to the veterinarian later. What will training these Golden Retrievers for sale in Charlotte be like? As they're eager to please and one of the smartest breeds around, Golden Retrievers usually take to training very well. And as the top Golden Retriever breeders Charlotte has can tell you, the pooches love to learn through games that keep them engaged. Treats also help greatly with training sessions. Couldn't I just get a dog from a shelter? You could. And as dog lovers, we don't advise against shelters. We just offer a different service and experience. For one, a Golden Retriever from a shelter won't likely come with any information. Whereas a Golden Retriever for sale Charlotte breeders and companies list with Uptown comes with a wealth of info that could prove important to your canine's care.

Golden Retrievers have a double coat, consisting of an undercoat and an overcoat. The combination coat is designed to keep the dog at a comfortable temperature in any season. If you were to trim the entire coat, it would inhibit this natural heating and cooling system. You should not need to use clippers to trim a Golden Retriever. The edges usually get a lot of fuzzy hair growth, so that needs to be cleanly trimmed away with scissors. Next, trim in between your Golden Retriever's toes. Take your comb and brush up the hair between its toes. Then trim it away at the level of the top of the pup's feet. Then comb it all back down. It should now be above the level of the dog's pads. Also inspect the Golden Retriever's pads while you are focusing on their feet. Apply Vaseline if you find any cracked pads and decide whether your pup needs its nails trimmed. Trim the fur on the back of the dog's legs with your thinning shears. You don't need to remove all the longer fur that grows near their rear end, but you want the coat to look balance and symmetrical. Focus your attention on trimming off fuzzy and unkempt fur. The fur on the back of the legs will be longer than the fur on the front of the legs. The hair on the back of the legs should be a few inches long, flaring out a bit behind the dog, while the fur on the front will lay flat against the dog. Begin by using your thinning shears around the dog's shoulders if a ridge of hair has formed there. Then move your attention to the front of the dog, thinning the hair on its chest until it lies flat. The length of your dog's fur will vary. A Golden Retriever doesn't have a short, tight coat, but instead has some length to it. When trimming your dog's coat, focus more on trimming fuzzy and unkempt fur, instead of trimming to a specific length. If you are unsure if you have removed enough hair, comb the coat out and see if the coat is lying flat. The goal is to have a nice flat coat that is balanced and symmetrical. As you trim, move the thinning shears with the direction of the growth. Using the thinning shears to trim the neck and chest will give the dog a more natural look. Thin the fur around the front and back of the ears. This will be important to keeping your dog's ears healthy. Then trim the fur on the ears, taking stray hairs off the top of them with the thinning shears. Don't make the tail fur too short. You just want to trim the length by tapering it from the base to the tip, using thinning shears to make it look natural. By Yvonne Villasenor Yvonne Villasenor is a freelance writer and animal lover who just so happens to be allergic to cats and dogs. That doesn't stop her from cuddling with them! When Yvonne's not working, you can find her lounging with her charming Chihuahuas, weightlifting, or wandering around Halloween stores. The golden retriever , of course! With a heart of gold and a coat to match, it's no wonder how the golden retriever is known as one of the most popular dog breeds. Friendly, loyal, and intelligent, goldens make great family dogs and fur-ever companions. They love adventures and love to play, meaning, their medium-length locks will inevitably get dirty and have to be groomed. However, before you take any dog to get groomed, it's important to know what type of coats they have—a single coat or a double coat —as some haircuts may not be the best fit for your canine companion. Due to their upbringing as gundogs bred to retrieve waterfowl and upland game, golden retrievers have a double coat, or two layers of fur—a dense, water-repellent outer coat and a thick, soft undercoat. For this reason, golden retrievers shouldn't be shaved since their double coats keep them warm in the winter and cool in the summer. Ready to take your playful pooch to their next grooming session? We've selected the best golden retriever haircuts to fit any pup and pet parent's preference, lifestyle, and budget. Puppy Cut The puppy cut is a fan favorite among dog parents—and for good reason! It's simple, cute, and low-maintenance. While the length can vary based on the pet parent's preference, your golden's fur is typically cut to be around half an inch in length and is trimmed to the same length all over their body, says Reda Elabd, certified master groomer and owner of Central Park Pet Spa in New York, N. Summer Cut Want to keep it easy, breezy, and beautiful for your cover dog in the summertime? The summer cut is calling your golden's name! Opting for a cut like the summer cut provides comfort for your retriever when temperatures start to rise. The summer cut keeps your dog's ears, chest, and feet well-trimmed, as well as their sanitary areas. Simple Trim If you're looking to keep your golden retriever's natural shape, the simple trim is—well, simple—and a wonderful option to keep your retriever's fur tidy. Plus, it doesn't require much cutting at all. It's a style Elabd recommends year round. The coat around the dog's neck and chest could also be thinned," he says. Show Cut Let your golden's natural beauty shine with this low-maintenance, natural cut. The show cut does not require much cutting, just trimming the fur along with the paws, ears, and sanitary areas. This cut has many small details that your groomer will be able to make to show off your golden retriever's beautiful locks. Teddy Bear Cut What does your pup have in common with a teddy bear? They're both cuddly, golden cuties! The teddy bear cut is another great haircut option for summer. Elabd describes the cut as one where the legs are kept at their natural length, the body is kept short, and the tail and feet are trimmed and curved to shape. This helps regulate your retriever's temperature with a double coat and keeps him fluffy and tidy. How to Maintain a Golden Retriever's Hair at Home If you have a golden retriever at home, you know goldens have feathery, soft coats that shed a lot as it is—but especially in spring and autumn. Chances are, your black clothes have your sweet pup's hair all over them. So, what can you do to somewhat control your dog's shedding? Golden retrievers should be brushed every day to remove dead hair and prevent matting. These pups do not necessarily require "haircuts" but more so hair trims because of their double coats. It's best to get your golden retriever on a routine grooming schedule with a professional groomer to keep their coats healthy and well-maintained. It's recommended to brush your dog's teeth at least twice a week, trim his nails at least once a month, bathe him once a month more if dirty , and check his ears frequently and clean with an ear cleaner if you notice they have an odor or are red. Happy grooming! This trimming is usually done on the ears, feet, neck and tail for a Golden Retriever to keep them looking smart. When should you start grooming your Golden Retriever puppy? Golden Retriever grooming should begin in their puppy phase to get them used to the process. These double-coated dogs are shedders that will need regular grooming in adult life to stimulate their coats, keep shedding under control and prevent mats and tangles. A Golden Retriever's coat doesn't develop properly until around 18 months, and as a puppy, your dog will have soft hair, which will form the undercoat once the overcoat develops. Get your puppy used to grooming by brushing its hair regularly with a soft-bristled brush, then moving onto a slicker brush as it ages and its coat begins to develop. If you plan on having your puppy professionally groomed, it's recommended to take it for its first trip to the groomer at around eight to twelve weeks old so it can get used to the grooming process and the salon. Golden Retrievers have a double coat which work together to protect your pup in both the winter and the summer months. Even clipping is not advisable with your Golden Retriever as it can hinder the growth of the undercoat later in the year. Instead, keep up with brushing their hair perhaps even doing it more regularly to remove the dead loose hair and regular bathing. Ideally, you need to be looking to purchase a dog shampoo that contains Oatmeal and Vitamin E. Regular brushing will reduce the amount of matting and make each brush a bit easier and softer. Use thinning scissors and begin to trim past where your thumb is, taking small bit by bit. Taking your time this way you should eventually reach your desired length. Recommended Products. Aim for an even length all over for the outer coat, and never let the clippers eat into the undercoat. Golden Retriever Haircut Styles If you take your golden to the doggy salon, there are a few other styles beyond the simple trim that can be a good choice for your dog. This draws attention to the tail and hind area, and leaves your pup looking a bit like the name suggests: a teddy bear. The cutting focuses on the paws, ears, and sanitary areas. An experienced groomer will know exactly how to do this cut for the best results. Lyme disease — Ticks enjoy the summer months as much as dogs do, as there are many more animals for them to feast on, potentially causing Lyme disease. While dogs should be protected with a flea and tick medication, they can also be vaccinated against Lyme disease. H3N2 — This type of canine influenza spreads rapidly and is always a risk when dogs get together. This happens more in the summer as dog parks fill up or vacationing owners leave their pups at the kennel. Most kennels require proof of H3N2 vaccination before they will accept dogs. Read our guide to the puppy vaccination schedule here. As well as being an irritant for your dog, ticks can cause Lyme disease, and fleas transmit heartworms through their bites. Find our recommendations for the best flea treatments here. And when you head out, carry a water bottle for them as well as one for yourself. Carry it in something with a bowl-like lid that your dog can drink out of. They will appreciate chilled water, just like you. Let Them Swim Golden retrievers love swimming, so why not let them take the occasional summertime dip to cool off. They would love a wading pool in the backyard to cool off when necessary. It can be better to give them a thorough rinse. And try to avoid chlorinated water as it can turn their beautiful golden coat a bit green. You might notice your golden seeking out places like cool bathroom tiles. When you go out with your pup, make sure to keep an eye out for shady places where they can rest. Not only will this help them keep cool, but it can give them a break from the direct sun. Dogs can suffer from sunburn and develop skin cancer just like their human pet parents. You might even be able to feel a bit of heat through your shoes as you walk on the asphalt. More than that, asphalt reflects heat, and their body and head are much closer to the asphalt than yours are. It can get very hot for them very quickly. So look for grassy strips and light-colored surfaces for them to walk on. We all know what burning hot sand feels like under the feet! Test surfaces with your own hand or foot before expecting your dog to walk on it. As a rule, never cut their outer coat shorter than their undercoat. Can you shave a golden retriever? You should never shave a golden retriever because it disrupts the balance of the double coat. They have a short undercoat that acts as insulation against both the heat and cold. Then they have their longer topcoat that protects their skin from dirt and repels water. If you shave them, they will no longer have that topcoat protecting their undercoat and their skin. Plus, when it grows back, it will just never be the same. How often do golden retrievers need haircuts? Golden needs to be groomed every weeks. But this means cutting the hair around their paws and private areas. The Verdict — Golden Retriever Haircut For Summer It is normal to be worried about your dog overheating in the summer, especially when they have a thick double coat like a golden rRetriever does. While the heat can be dangerous to your dog, their coat is not the main concern. Their double coat works like insulation that keeps them warm in winter and cold in summer. You can give it a trim if you want, but most goldens will get by fine without. Remember that if you are feeling hot, they probably are too, so give the same consideration to their comfort as you do your own. Do you have any tips for helping goldens fight the summer heat? Share them with the community in the comments section below. You May Also Like.

Whether you are looking for your dog to become an outstanding retriever for hunting waterfowl, or you are looking for a gun dog trainer to develop your dog into a great upland hunter, or both, you'll find excellence in training at Northern Plains Retrievers. We offer a variety of different training programs and we will customize your dog's program to fit the type of hunting that you do. To view the details of each program, you can click on Retriever Training. Give us a call if you would like your pup to be obedient, or you would like a fully trained dog for next hunting season! Are you looking for a Labrador Retriever puppy bred for both drive and companionship? Interested in Pointing Labrador Puppies? We offer carefully selected breedings that will produce black, chocolate, and yellow Labrador pups. Some of our dogs are from pointing Labrador bloodlines and either point themselves or throw pointing lab pups. We love to get these puppies back for training due to their strong instincts, trainability, and intelligence. Simply put, they are a pleasure to train. The disposition of these dogs will make them as fine a family dog as they will be a hunting companion. Diesel x Nova all chocolate litter due to whelp late September - now taking deposits. We currently have one black male available. In the market for a Trained Retriever? We occasionally offer labs for sale that have been through one of our gun dog training programs. Depending on their age and the level of training they have achieved, we will sell them as Started Pups or Started Dogs. No matter what level you choose, once you have hunted with a trained retriever, you'll never want to hunt with anything else! For more information, click on Trained Dogs. This is is a very strong breeding presenting 14 National Field Champions in their combined pedigrees. She is a muscular rock solid 52 pound female of pure energy. She can outrun anyone and her love of retrieving is pure and always front and center. She is definitely her mother's Jet daughter. She taught her well, she is a strong hunting partner and a loyal family companion who loves with her whole heart. She trains the young ones around Bailiwick, she is so very smart. Spend one minute with her and it is obvious, she is "Over the Top", she truly has it all. Retrieve, yes she loves retrieving, ask her and you shall receive. She is a devoted companion who loves with her whole heart, will work all day, not a problem with her. At the end of a long day she is not hard to find, she will be right at your side. This beautiful gal was born dreaming if ducks and duck ponds. Radley is Mr. Personality, he will put a smile on your face. We can retrieve all day or we can just visit and be cool, either way not a problem for Radley. He is truly a pleasure to train, so smart just tell him once and he has it down pat!!!!! This is a very strong breeding.Her love is retrieving, if you have the time she has the energy. She is dedicated, loving and very smart. Training her is a pleasure. What a loving personality, she will put a smile on your face. This is a very strong breeding. Stella presents three National Champions in her pedigree.This includes: Black, Chocolate from light to dark and Yellows from light cream to fox red. This will be another exceptional cross that will produce the total package! Freya had a beautiful litter on July 28th. They will be ready to go to their new homes on September 22nd when they turn 8 weeks old. Only 1 male spot open! We have had such wonderful feedback on the first litter that we did it again. This will be a fantastic all chocolate litter that can go any direction! Ditto gave birth to a gorgeous litter of 10 on August 11th. They be ready to go home on October 6th when the puppies turn 8 weeks. Accepting deposits to hold spots! Males and Female available! Remi is in absolute perfect health and she absolutely loves being a mom. So we decided to give her one final opportunity. We are expecting 4 to 6 puppies! These puppies are going to be incredible! We are now accepting a limited number of deposits. All will depend on the timing and the availability of the special stud. We will begin accepting deposits later into , once the breeding has taken place. When Molly comes back in heat anticipated in December are planning to bring Molly all the way down to Baton Rouge Louisianna to make this extremely special breeding happen! This will be a black and yellow litter. Once the pregnancy is confirmed we will begin accepting deposits. This cross is a proven producer of the total package! The puppies can go any direction and make absolutely wonderful companions too! Tentative plan is for a spring litter. Each boy would bring something special to the table with Bailey. So we are taking our time making this decision. One thing we know is that this will be a gorgeous total package chocolate litter! We anticipate this to be a spring litter. Our studs are all proven in the field and live as part of the family. They all have strong proven pedigrees and are some of the most extensively health tested studs available anywhere. This is one of the best chocolate pedigrees we have ever seen! Master titled as a 2 year old! Mojo is the result of over 4 years of planning and research. He is the first chocolate dog in over 10 generations. Mojo has a loaded pedigree and is an excellent out cross option for females with more traditional chocolate pedigrees. He is currently in Texas training with Justin Drake. Houdini will be coming home for a couple of months this winter, before heading back south to finish his Master Hunter title. After he completes his MH title, Houdini will be available for stud services. We focus on producing the best all around Lab puppies from champion Field Bred and Hunt Test bloodlines that are healthy and free of hereditary disorders. Our dogs are selected for their natural hunting instincts, desire to please, intelligence, versatility, gentle temperaments, ability to compete in hunt tests and field trials, train-ability, pedigree, health clearances, and attractive physical features. We take pride in our dogs and with our careful research and selection processes, our puppies should satisfy the most challenging buyer. Our labs are bred to be working dogs and have the potential to excel in any direction. They are also bred to have wonderful dispositions and make great family companions. All of our dogs live in our home and are part of our family. We actively use them for upland and waterfowl hunting, and have started running them in AKC Hunt Tests. We do everything we can to try and ensure we produce healthy puppies. We go above and beyond when it comes to health testing and it shows. We have also started the process of testing for OFA Thyroid. The results of all of this health testing is readily available online on the Orthopedic Foundation for Animals website as well as on the Paw Print Genetics Pedigree Database. We only offer a limited number of litters of puppies per year. We focus on quality and not quantity and believe in having a personal touch. All of our puppies are born and raised in our home and are thoroughly socialized. Our puppies are actually born in our bedroom and stay there until they are between 3 and 4 weeks of age. This way we can ensure that they are safe, clean and comfortable at all times. Not to mention the countless hours of attention they get during the day and late into each night. Once they are 3 to 4 weeks old, we will move them into one of our two puppy nursery rooms where we can expand their box and begin the introduction to potty training. We LOVE our puppies and it shows in their care. We will only breed litters when we can guarantee that each puppy will receive daily individual love and attention. When we have multiple litters on the ground we hire in special daily helpers to ensure that our strict standards of care are always met. Our puppy program is extensive and comprehensive, yet we are continually fine-tuning and looking at ways to incorporate more. At a bare minimum this program includes: early neurological stimulation called ENS or Biosensor , early scent introduction ESI , introduction to crates, car rides, birds or bird wings, gunfire from a distance, water weather permitting , outdoor adventures in different types of environments, daily loud noises, introduction to potty training and lots of socialization with adults, kids and other dogs. We strive to give every puppy the best start possible. By the time they are ready to go to their new homes at 8 weeks of age, each puppy should be well prepared for whatever direction their new family takes them. Our very first litter was in and then we took a short hiatus from breeding until .Since resuming, we have had tremendous success with our very limited number of litters. The majority of our puppies have gone to homes where they live as part of the family and have proven themselves as exceptional hunting-working-competition dogs.

Fully vaccined 4 months pug puppy is available. In Delta, BC. Parents are family dogs with prefect demeanors and are great with children and chickens : even cats Pick up is an option in.Mom is a beagle and dad is a pug. We own both parents. Adorable brindle pugapoos! Are you searching for an adorable, affectionate, and playful furry friend to bring joy and laughter into your life? Pug, Golden retrievers, chihuahua. Terrace We are moving overseas and need to rehome our dogs. Well handled by children as we homeschool, and used to other dogs. So get your pug off the rug and give a dog a throne! This unique combination results in a dog.They were born May 21 and have had their first set of shots, been dewormed and come with vet.Pick your puppy now and watch him grow with weekly video updates. Mom is a pure bred English Lab and weights 70lbs she loves playing fetch and.Clinton I have 5 adorable puppies left available. Pug cross. Mom is a mix about 60lbs, my most loyal best friend. She loves guarding her farm but is gentle with all.Three amazingly coloured pug puppies. Raised with love as part of the family. Mom and dad on site. All babies are on a deworming program and will have a health certificate and first set of.This little girl is full of attitude and pizzazz! Mom is 4 pounds, What is not to love about these pigs! They happily graze alongside my sheep and free range chickens. Shipping by seller Pug puppies Dawson Creek This little girl is 13 weeks and has all her shots, vet checked and ready to go to a loving family. Loves children and other animals. Just rite for Frenches, Pugs, Maltese, Min. Has primer ready for final paint. .Deluxe model with carpet.Fully vaccined 4 months pug puppy is available. In Delta, BC. Parents are family dogs with prefect demeanors and are great with children and chickens : even cats Pick up is an option in.Mom is a beagle and dad is a pug. We own both parents. Adorable brindle pugapoos! Are you searching for an adorable, affectionate, and playful furry friend to bring joy and laughter into your life? Pug, Golden retrievers, chihuahua. Terrace We are moving overseas and need to rehome our dogs. Well handled by children as we homeschool, and used to other dogs. This unique combination results in a dog.They were born May 21 and have had their first set of shots, been dewormed and come with vet.Pick your puppy now and watch him grow with weekly video updates. Mom is a pure bred English Lab and weights 70lbs she loves playing fetch and.Clinton I have 5 adorable puppies left available. Pug cross. Mom is a mix about 60lbs, my most loyal best friend. She loves guarding her farm but is gentle with all.Three amazingly coloured pug puppies. Raised with love as part of the family. Mom and dad on site. All babies are on a deworming program and will have a health certificate and first set of.This little girl is full of attitude and pizzazz! Mom is 4 pounds, Loves children and other animals. Browse other categories in Pets in British Columbia.

Plus 5 Breeding Secrets! If you are planning to breed your French bulldog, then be prepared to deal with a dog breed that can be affected by a lot of health complications. Breeding French bulldog entails a lot of patience, experience, and a significant expense during pregnancy and at birth. It is recommended to have a great deal of experience breeding other animals if planning to become a French bulldog breeder. But what day do I breed my French bulldog? A female French bulldog is receptive to breeding during her heat cycle which takes place every six months. When in heat, breeding should occur within days. Female French bulldogs can breed safely from 2 to 8 years of age. However, male French bulldogs also have to be sexually mature for breeding. So, you will have to wait until they are around 15 months old. Male French bulldogs start producing sperm at the age of 6 months but you will have to wait for them to be a little older to breed successfully. French bulldogs make wonderful companions and are very popular. Their loving, caring, and friendly personalities make them adorable animals. The history of French bulldogs has led to certain physical and sexual traits in them over the years, making their breeding quite challenging. A wide range of health problems in French bulldogs is caused by deliberate selective breeding for exaggerated traits such as the flat face, large head, short muzzle, and a stocky build. Female French bulldogs can get pregnant naturally but not that easily. Most of the French bulldogs are incapable of getting pregnant naturally. The female French bulldogs have very narrow hips making it difficult for the male to mount the female to reproduce naturally. Because of their compromised respiratory system, the exertion involved in mating can be too much of a physical strain for them. In most of the other dog breeds, natural mating is the safest and efficacious method of producing a litter of puppies, but not so much in French bulldogs. Pregnancies in French bulldogs can be very delicate. You have to time the insemination perfectly. Apart from this, certain tests have to be carried to ensure that the dog is ready, and the semen latches on. They are a brachycephalic breed and so do not give birth to a lot of puppies. It could be on an average of 2 to 3 puppies and on rare occasions, if you are lucky, you might even get five. As a responsible breeder, you must ensure that the pups are born healthy and do not inherit any health defects. This can be done by getting the male and female tested for core problems and mutations. Mating of French bulldogs is extremely challenging and difficult to take place without human assistance. Therefore, artificial insemination is typically required to attain mating and eventual conception. Top 4 Tips. But how do Female French bulldogs deliver puppies when they cannot mate on their own and have to go through artificial insemination? French bulldogs have slim hips, big heads, and shoulders. These physical traits make it extremely difficult for the female to have natural labor and delivery. This is because the puppies can get stuck in the birth canal, causing their death. Natural birth can also be dangerous for the female and can damage her birth canal. Although the anesthesia can be dangerous, a planned cesarean-section puts less stress on the mother as well as the puppies. However, there are some bulldogs with smaller or moderate heads and wide hips that can mate naturally and deliver puppies without any human assistance. Cesarean-section is performed on French bulldogs so that there is no doubt whether all the puppies were delivered or not. This helps in preventing the female from developing a uterine infection, in case she delivers a dead puppy a few days later. As a result of this fatal infection, sometimes the uterus also has to be removed. Free whelping can also cause the uterus to stretch and makes it less likely to return to normal which can cause problems in the future. A stretched uterus has thin areas that can rip open with the pressure of a larger litter and can be dangerous for the female French bulldog. But a female French bulldog should not be put through too frequent cesarean-sections as that can also be stressful for the mother. Secret 3: The Heat Cycle of a French Bulldog Being in heat means your dog is in the oestrus cycle, quite akin to when a human female gets a period. A female French bulldog can go into heat as soon as they become sexually mature which is around 6 months. However, it can take up to 2 years for a Frenchie to develop regular heat patterns. The heat cycles usually last for about 3 weeks. Initially, you will see brown or red spots and later after the first week, the female will bleed a great deal. The best breeding time is from 5 to 18 days into the cycle. These include progesterone which maintains the pregnancy and luteinizing hormone LH which stimulates the ovaries to release the eggs. Dogs ovulate when their estrogen level falls and progesterone level rises. Luteinizing hormone LH and progesterone levels are the safe and sure indicators of when ovulation will take place and when is the perfect time for breeding. They can also help determine the whelping date, and even to plan c-section. Secret 4: Signs of Pregnancy in a French Bulldog Here are some quick and easy ways to find out whether your female French bulldog is expecting puppies: Decreased appetite Acting more lethargic and lazy and not active as usual Increase in nipple size Increase in the size of the belly, this can happen as early as 2 weeks Blood test Ultrasound Blood Test Pregnancy can be detected in your Frenchie if the mating happened 5 weeks ago through a blood test. However, early pregnancy can be difficult to date and the result of the test can be negative when your dog may be pregnant. Ultrasound Scan Another way to determine if the conception and mating have worked is to have an ultrasound performed on your female French bulldog. Ultrasound procedure can be done 25 days after the last mating event. So, make sure you are there to comfort your Frenchie. The most reliable method of detecting pregnancy for your French bulldog is ultrasound. An ultrasound scan can also give an idea of how many puppies she is expecting. However, the ultrasound is not always exact especially for a larger litter. Large litters tend to hid one another fairly well, making hard to determine the actual count of puppies. It is recommended to do an X-ray after 45 days to help determine the number of puppies in the litter. It can also depend on how large the puppy skulls are and if this would pose any risk for a natural birth. A medical assessment from a professional can aide in determining whether natural birth is feasible or if cesarean-section should be done for safety reasons. A pregnant French bulldog should be cared for in the following 5 ares: Regular vet check-up. Demand for Frenchie puppies is tremendous and that has created aspirations in many first-time breeders who want to start dog breeding. But people who truly love the French Bulldog breed — breeders who are in it primarily for love and not pure profit — soon discover that successfully breeding Frenchies is an art as well as a science. In this article, learn what age you can safely breed a French Bulldog and what you need to know about the unique challenges and health concerns these flat-faced dogs can present to a breeder. As Breeding Business describes, French Bulldogs as a breed can have some very unique health issues even without adding in breeding. These dogs can be bred, however, and the earliest age when it is safe to breed is after the female dog has had at least one full heat cycle and she is at least 24 months old. Read on to learn why it is important not to breed your Frenchie when she is too young or during her first heat cycle. In the video, you will follow an adult female French Bulldog as she goes into heat and goes through the whole process of getting Artificial Insemination AI so that she can get pregnant. In the remainder of this article, we will discuss the reasons why French Bulldogs typically need this type of help to get pregnant and why this breed also needs special help to deliver their puppies. As the Northern California French Bulldog Club points out, using the word "safely" in context with French Bulldog breeding is a term that should be taken with a grain of salt. There are so many issues that can crop up, as we will talk about here next. But first, it is important to know when you can even consider safely breeding your French Bulldog. French Bulldog male stud dog For a French Bulldog stud or male dog, technically it is safe to allow them to breed as soon as they reach sexual maturity. This usually occurs around the age of six months depending on the specific dog's genetics, health, and background. French Bulldog female The French Bulldog female, however, will bear far more risk when she is bred. She will have to endure the insemination process, whether done naturally or veterinarian-assisted. And she will have to carry the puppies to term and whelp them naturally or via cesarean section surgery. So it is important to wait until your Frenchie female is older before attempting this for the first time. As the American Kennel Club AKC explains, it is now an accepted custom among experienced breeders that you never breed a female dog during her very first heat cycle. The dog needs to finish growing up first and go through a process that breeders refer to as "conditioning," which is all about ensuring your female dog has great nutrition and is in great physical shape before she gets pregnant. The general rule of thumb is to wait until the female Frenchie is at least 24 months, or two years old, before considering whether or not to breed her. Happily, the French Bulldog can easily live 12 years with excellent care, which means you can well afford to wait for the first two years to make sure your female is in the prime physical condition and will be able to carry and whelp healthy puppies. The French Bulldog has an interesting history. These dogs aren't even from France! Originally, the French Bulldog was an English Bulldog. Then breeders started breeding them down to a smaller size by cross-breeding these dogs with terriers. This is the dog that migrated with its owners to France, where breeding efforts continued until they produced the dog we know and love like the French Bulldog today. Because French Bulldogs inherited the short, squat bodies and bow legs of their English Bulldog predecessors, they have some special anatomical challenges when it comes to successfully breed. French Bulldog studs males can't mount easily The first big challenge that takes many first-time French Bulldog breeders completely by surprise is that French Bulldog studs, or intact male dogs, often cannot successfully mount a female Frenchie in heat. They are not tall enough to reach the female. Even when they do this part successfully, they usually cannot "tie" with the female for long enough to achieve breeding. French Bulldogs can't typically travel safely In many cases, a dog owner will want to co-breed their dog with a dog that lives in another city or state. Depending on how the owner of the other dog likes to handle such requests, this may require the female dog to travel to the stud male dog's location or vice versa. Unfortunately, because of the French Bulldog's short, flat face and narrow nostrils, these dogs usually are barred from airline travel. So the only option is typically to find a local stud dog or try to arrange for stud services by mail. French Bulldogs have respiratory issues The physical exertion required for a successful pairing is another huge challenge for French Bulldog breeding pairs. As Victory Bulldogs breeder points out, these dogs have short, flat faces and narrow nostrils that make them unusually prone to overheating. The physical exertion of trying to breed together naturally can cause these dogs to overheat and actually collapse in exhaustion. It is often not safe to breed a French Bulldog pair naturally because one or both dogs may be at risk of over-heating and over-exertion, either from excitement or anxiety or from overheating or both. French Bulldogs usually need a C-section delivery Another huge challenge and enormous expense that many French Bulldog breeders are not prepared for is what happens when their female dog is ready to whelp give birth to her puppies. Because these dogs are "top-heavy" — they carry most of their weight in their heads, shoulders, and chests — they have very narrow hindquarters and a narrow pelvis and birth canal. The puppies can actually get stuck in the birthing canal, which is very dangerous for both the mother dog and the puppies. The safest and most common courts of action are to have the puppies delivered by C-section cesarean section. However, this is not an entirely safe option either, as it involves sedation, and the mother dog's respiratory rate must be closely monitored. Additionally, as with any invasive incision-based surgery, there is always a risk of infection. Another challenge with an artificial C-section birth is that it can create some developmental issues in terms of whether the mother dog bonds closely with the puppies and feels motivated to care for them as newborns. A Word About the Cost of Breeding a French Bulldog Every extra step you have to add to the process of breeding any dog is likely going to add extra expense to your budget. With the French Bulldog breed, because you may need assistance from your dog's veterinarian multiple times along the way, your costs are likely to be higher from the start, even without any unanticipated health emergencies. While it is true that many people are willing to pay several thousand dollars for French Bulldog puppies today, a reputable breeder also has to consider what they will do if the new owner returns the puppy which sometimes will happen. Responsible breeders retain lifetime responsibility for each puppy they breed. And since French Bulldogs tend to come with extra health-related veterinary expenses, not every owner ends up being able to afford their care. So you will need to carefully think through how prepared you and your wallet are to take on the responsibility of breeding your French Bulldog. And while it might seem like this only applies to female Frenchies, many breeders maintain their own breeding pairs at their kennel. If this describes you, then you will have double the expense of maintaining two breeding dogs in tip-top condition as well as the expense of whelping, rearing the puppies, marketing to prospective owners, screening the owners, and more. This is why French Bulldog breeders often say they are in it for the true love of the breed and not for profit. People who love these dogs, are all in and just want to produce the healthiest puppies for the continuation of the breed itself. Shannon Cutts As a freelance pet writer and blogger, Shannon is passionate about crafting knowledge-based, science-supported articles that foster healthy bonds of love and respect between people and animals. But her first and very most important job is as a dog auntie and cockatiel, tortoise, and box turtle mama. We are compensated for referring traffic and business to Amazon and other companies linked to this site. French Bulldogs need to undergo many health checks, with some not done until they are at least two years old, so being a reputable breeder only breeds your dog when breeding age. Frenchie owners often consider whether or not they should spay their dog or breed him so they can have puppies. Many owners do this professionally, but others want another French Bulldog similar to the one they already have. Breeding a male dog may sound easy, but certain responsibilities and duties are involved. There is evidence to suggest that small breeds mature faster than large ones. The male French Bulldog becomes fertile around six months of age. By the time they reach full sexual maturity, they can be 12 to 15 months old. If your male French Bulldog is in good health, they may still be sexually active and fertile as they age. In order to mate, male and female Frenchies must be medically checked. How old does a male french bulldog have to be to breed? As mentioned above, over the age of two is the best time to breed your French Bulldog. This age is seen as the optimal one for mating, even though some breeds are mature at a younger age. To produce healthy puppies, the parents must be in good health. Your vet can perform a health check to determine if your French Bulldog will be a good candidate for mating after this age. If your French Bulldog is older than eight years old, it is not recommended to breed. But as long as your Frenchie is healthy overall, it should be able to keep on going at this age. Should this not be the case, the oldest age for breeding would be only five years. French Bulldog Health Tests Preparation Your veterinarian requires a complete physical exam before your French Bulldog can be accepted as a stud. Before mating, it is necessary to rule out health problems such as hip dysplasia and joint issues. Your French Bulldog should also have their ears and eyes checked and a blood test and urinalysis. Be sure your Frenchie does not have any diseases or other disorders. It is also possible that a genetic test is required. In the case of dogs that are not fully purebred, a genetic test ensures that the offspring will not inherit diseases. In addition to a general examination, veterinarians can administer specialized fertility tests to assess if your male Frenchie is fertile. There are other things you can do in addition to having your dog tested to find out if it is fertile. Make sure he has reached puberty. Check his general health. A few health issues may affect his fertility. The movement might interfere with a successful mating session. The reproductive organs are damaged. An infection or disease that can lead to infertility. A male French Bulldog can produce multiple litters during his life. In some cases, male dogs have mated as many as five times in a single day. However, different methods must be used to ensure high-quality and consistent impregnation. Others choose to breed their studs almost every week, while some breed only a handful of times each year. Giving the dog time between sperm harvests is important if sperm is regularly collected. For this reason, sperm collection should only take place every few days so that consistently quality sperm can be retained. Despite that, a male dog can produce good quality sperm every day if not bred on a regular basis. If you have a smaller dog, it is possible to collect your pet every day for up to five days. However, the dog will soon run out of sperm, so this cannot be done for a long period. It is important to keep a few things in mind before allowing a male pet to mate. Your dog will not only be protected from prostate cancer and other testicular diseases when he is neutered, but he will also behave less aggressively and be more affectionate, as well as be at lower risk of aggression from other dogs. Having a healthier dog greatly increases its chances of living a longer and happier life. Thus, always consider the benefits of allowing your dog to mate and whether or not it is better to neuter the dog to reduce the likelihood of unnecessary mating and the risk of health issues. As mentioned before. Breeding is possible throughout the lifespan of male French Bulldogs. If a Frenchie has a healthy genetic makeup, he should be able to pass it on. Senior male French Bulldogs, especially older ones, are prone to prostate problems, so their veterinarian should regularly examine them after a certain age. The treatment of infections and the restoration of declining fertility can often be accomplished. Pain medication can also be used to treat mobility issues such as arthritis pain. With aging, French Bulldogs are more susceptible to infection and illness. It is possible for an infection to be symptomless. Sexually transmitted diseases in French Bulldogs, such as brucellosis , should be tested for before mating. Although it has no symptoms, it still has devastating effects on a litter of puppies. Miscarriages, abortions, and stillbirths can all occur as a result of this disorder. Be careful with your young stud French Bulldog. An unhappy experience during the early stages of his career can destroy his motivation for breeding for life. Mate him with more experienced and cooperative female French Bulldogs in the first season or two. Before presenting your boy to the Female Dog, be certain she is fully in estrus. French Bulldog Breeding Paperwork After completing all health tests, it is time to complete all the paperwork. A dog must possess the most prominent features of its breed to mate. Depending on the breed, some of these characteristics may be physical, while others may be behavioral. Contact a breeder club to check if your French Bulldog complies with breed standards. Registration at a Kennel Club is not mandatory, but it might let other dog owners know if your French Bulldog is a good candidate for breeding. In addition, to have your dog recognized by a Kennel Club, you will need to claim his ownership. Pin 0 Shares I am not a breeder of Frenchies. However, there are many irresponsible breeders out there including French Bulldog owners looking to make a quick buck. One of the most common questions people like this ask is how many times you can use a Frenchie for breeding. Professional and qualified breeders will tell you the following: How many times can you breed a French Bulldog? Responsible Frenchie breeders will not breed their French Bulldog any more than 3 times in a lifetime, and only once every 18 months at a minimum. Any more than that and the dog will struggle to recover physically, and possibly even mentally. Why you should not breed French Bulldogs too much The reasons for the minimum amount of times you can breed a French Bulldog are varied, but all boil down to care and love. The danger of too many C-sections The majority of French Bulldog puppies are delivered via Cesarean section. This is due to the way in which the female Frenchie has been bred herself over time. They have narrow birth canals and the pups have large heads. C-sections are the easiest and safest way for them to deliver a litter. As a French Bulldog breeder, it is totally irresponsible to put your female Frenchie through too many C-sections. The risks are as follows: Stress: the female can become stressed and possibly aggressive after a C-section. Too many procedures could have a negative effect on their mental health. Medical problems: your dog could have an adverse reaction to anaesthetic, could have blood clotting during surgery, haemorrhaging, or a wound infection. Injury to the pups: not all C-sections are successful, and there is also a risk to the puppies during the procedure. Did you know? C-sections can be very expensive. Read this guide to how much you should expect to pay your vet to deliver a Frenchie litter via Cesarean section. Bodies need time to repair themselves The birth and nursing period post-pregnancy is critical to the health of your French Bulldog. Giving birth and becoming a mother is a highly charged time both mentally and physically. As well as the scars from the C-section, your female will need to recover from feeding her litter and will also have to re-grow parts of her uterus and build her muscle tone back up. Pregnancy and motherhood can take a toll on the female. This is why you should not breed your French Bulldog too many times. During the early stages of motherhood, many females will lose muscle tone and even patches of fur. It acts as a governing body for pedigree dogs, holding the national register of all breeds. They are very explicit about how many times you can breed a French Bulldog officially, where they will be prepared to register the puppies. The Kennel Club will no longer register any further litters from any bitch which our records show has already whelped 4 litters. Where the number previously recorded is 4 or more, the application will be rejected. The mother is younger than 1 year old at the time of birth. The puppies are born due to familial inter-breeding e. The mother has already delivered 2 litters via a C-section. How old does a Female French Bulldog have to be to breed? When can French Bulldogs breed and what age should they have to be? Frenchies can safely breed from the ages of 2 and a half years up to 8 years of age. At this point they will have gone through a number of heat cycles and will be ready to breed. This beautiful little girl is not old enough to be bred yet. They can produce sperm as young as 6 months, but you need to wait until they are older to breed them successfully. How many times a year can you breed a French Bulldog? Having spoken to professional Frenchie breeders, the general consensus is that you should only breed French Bulldogs once a year — and even that frequency is probably far too much. The reason being is that the female Frenchie needs to recovery after giving birth. As I mentioned earlier, you should only really breed a French Bulldog once every 18 months to 2 years. Anything more than that could be considered cruel, and this extended healing time gives her the chance to recover, be healthy, and be happy without the stress of frequent C-sections. Nursing clinginess to their favorite toy Stage 4: Anestrus Stage The last stage is a period of inactivity, so they will not show any symptoms or behavioral changes. The Anestrus stage lasts for about 2 to 4 months. After this, the proestrus stage starts again. Dogs do not undergo menopause, so they will continue to go into heat even if they get old. Even if they go into heat, older Frenchies will not be as fertile as they were. They will go through the heat cycle symptoms twice a year unless you spay them. Spaying your female Frenchie does more than prevent heat cycles. It makes them more mellow and reduces unwanted behaviors. And it also helps to prevent the development of pyometra. It is the result of the hormonal changes when they are in heat. This infection is life-threatening and the best way to avoid this is to get your Frenchie spayed. They do not bleed during the whole heat cycle, Frenchies usually bleed for about 7 to 10 days while in heat. The flow of their bleeding will vary. But in general, smaller dogs tend to bleed less than larger ones. Male and female Frenchies vary in their ideal breeding times. For male Frenchies, the best time would be when they have reached their sexual maturity. This is when they are about 12 to 15 months old. You need to wait for more with female Frenchies because age is not the only factor in this. While they reach sexual maturity young, the best time to breed them is when they are 2 years of age. Before they reach 2 years old, they will still get bigger slowly and fill out more. And while waiting for this, you should prepare them for breeding. They should be in top condition to undergo artificial insemination. Subjecting a young Frenchie to this stressful process is usually frowned upon. Other than that, you need to make sure that they have already gone through at least one heat cycle. So you should breed them at least on their second heat. The issue here still ties with age, Frenchies will go through their first heat at about 6 to 12 months old. While they can get pregnant at this stage, they are still too young for that. This is not only a concern about her physical health. Being too young, there is a risk that your Frenchie does not have her motherly instincts yet. So they tend to reject their puppies if you let her get pregnant during her first heat. This is not something that you would want since breeding Frenchies are very costly. You should not let your Frenchies mate naturally even if they are fertile. It is too risky to breed them the usual way. Instead, they should undergo artificial insemination to diminish the risks. To help you realize the dangers of natural mating in Frenchies, here are the risks involved. It will be hard for males to reach the female Frenchie. And if he can, it will be hard for him to sustain this position. Because of this, breeding the usual way is a big obstacle for French Bulldogs. If your male Frenchie overworks themselves, that is an issue connected to the next point. Frenchies Have Breathing Problems Mating is physically stressful for males, from mounting to holding their position. For them to cope, they need to breathe. But since they have breathing issues, they cannot do this very well. With overexertion, Frenchies can overheat and even collapse due to exhaustion. Female Frenchies can overheat from mating too either from agitation or excitement. Traveling Is Dangerous There are a lot of instances where dog owners find their furry companion the perfect mate. But the issue is that their mate is in a different city or state. So either one of them would need to travel, which is a big problem. Air travel is not an option for brachycephalic breeds like Frenchies. This poses a serious threat to their respiratory issues. This is why most airlines do not allow Frenchies on their plane. And if you travel by car, it can still be stressful for them. Especially when it is a hot or cold day , your Frenchie will have body temperature issues. Even if you find your Frenchie a mate nearby, the risks of natural mating are still very high for them. All these are avoidable with artificial insemination. Your Frenchie does not need to travel or overexert themselves to exhaustion. It is expensive, but this is better than risking their lives. From the day of the breeding, it can take about 48 to 72 hours for your Frenchie to get pregnant. After 2 or 3 weeks, you should take your Frenchie to the vet to confirm if they are pregnant. This will also help you in tracking their gestation period accurately. Also at this stage, their teats will be bigger and their nipples darker. Inside the belly, her puppies will have distinct bone structures. At this stage, you should already be preparing her birth area. First Week Day 0 to 7 After mating it will take about 48 to 72 hours for successful fertilization. Your Frenchie may show signs of morning sickness and a slight pink discharge. This is normal, and you should carry on with her usual diet. Second Week Day 7 to 14 At this stage of the pregnancy, the cells begin to grow and reach the uterine horns. Like the first week, there is no need to change their routine or diet. Third Week Day 14 to 21 The embryos embed themselves in the uterine lining usually on day .During this week, the fetuses are starting to develop and are now about 0. Your Frenchie may have an increased appetite at this stage too. Fourth Week Day 21 to 28 The fetuses now have a distinct shape, with their spines and facial features now forming. At this stage, they are still quite small at 0. Your Frenchie may have swollen nipples and a clear discharge during this week. Also, this is a good time to go to the vet for an ultrasound. Fifth Week Day 28 to 35 During this week, big developments will happen. The fetuses will have eyelids, toes, claws, skeletons, coats, and whiskers. Your pregnant Frenchie will also start to gain weight and eat more food. Because of these big changes, your vet can tell you how many puppies you have in the litter by performing a scan. Sixth Week Day 35 to 42 This is when your Frenchie starts showing during her pregnancy. To keep up with her growing puppies, she will ask for more food. So keep feeding her food that will supplement her and her puppies. The puppies will now have their distinct markings at this point. Being 3 weeks away from giving birth, you should start to make preparations at this stage. Your Frenchie may want to start nesting. So provide her a cozy and quiet place where she can relax. Also around this time, their belly becomes firm and larger. Other than these, you may notice that she will start to pee more along with a significant hair loss. All these are normal and nothing to worry about. From this point on, you can switch your Frenchie back to her regular diet. But you need to feed her more of it. Of course, you should talk to your vet before making any changes in her food intake. Frenchies usually gain about 20 to 50 percent of weight during the second trimester. You should brace yourself during this week, as some Frenchies give birth this early. To help prevent an early birth, avoid any heavy physical activities for them. Make sure that she feels calm and at ease too. Ninth Week Day 57 to 65 At the last week of pregnancy, the puppies have almost completely developed. They will start positioning themselves in the birth canal to prepare for birth. This will happen during the last days of their pregnancy. Your Frenchie will start to show behavioral changes to prepare for birthing. This includes a decreased appetite. You must keep an eye on her during this week. Labor for Frenchies lasts around 4 to 24 hours, but there can be drastic variations from one dog to another. You will know that your Frenchie is in labor when she starts to pant, pace around, dig her bed nesting , and even vomit. These are signs that puppies are coming out within 12 to 24 hours. A common way to tell that she is through with labor is when she is not straining anymore. The puppies come out covered in fluid, with your Frenchie breaking it by licking. This licking also stimulates the puppies to move. But if your Frenchie is too exhausted, which is likely, they may not be able to do this. You can help break the sac using a towel and wipe their noses gently. If you think that she still has puppies inside and she is not straining, this can be a problem. This is why experts strongly recommend going through a c-section instead of natural birth. But if you have settled with natural birth, here are signs that you should call your vet immediately: Straining Too Much A Green Discharge Fetal Fluid Is Coming Out Without a Puppy So if you have decided to go the natural route, always have a vet on standby in case something bad happens. Frenchies can safely have up to 4 litters during their lifespan. The most respected breeders will limit her litters to only 3, ensuring her health and safety. While 4 may seem a small number, there is a good reason for this. Breeding your Frenchie between 2 and 8 years old is the safest, with lower risks for them. Although they experience their first heat cycle at around 6 to 9 months old it is risky for them to breed this young. And once they are 8 years of age, they should retire from breeding already. They can still go into heat when they are 8 years old and above. But at this advanced age, likely, their pregnancies will not be successful. Also, they might have developed health issues already by this time. Taking these risks into account, Frenchies have 6 years to breed within the safe age limits. You can push for her to have 4 litters, but anything more than that is cruel. Or you can play safe by limiting her to having only 3 litters. In general, it is safe for you to breed your Frenchie every 18 months. But even this can be too much for them. While they go into heat twice a year, it is irresponsible to get them pregnant that much. Some reputable breeders enforce a strict rule of 1 litter every two years for their Frenchie. Having this stern rule in place ensures the health of their female Frenchies. Pregnancies spaced far apart will give Frenchies enough time to recover; cesareans are very stressful and need a lot of healing time. Frenchies produce only a small amount of puppies, with an average of 3 puppies per litter. Some litters are smaller, with 2 puppies. While some can have 4 or 5 puppies but anything more than that is very rare. They can only produce so much because they are a small breed with narrow hips. There is no room for them to carry more puppies, unlike larger breeds which can carry 12 puppies at a time. Even in their first litter, Frenchies can have about 2 to 4 puppies. This can vary, and Frenchies can have more or less than this. But 5 or more puppies in a litter is rare and can be too much for them. Having only one puppy in a litter is rare for dogs of any breed. There is no exact reason for this, but several factors can influence a single puppy litter. A majority of Frenchies undergo artificial insemination to breed. This can cause smaller litters compared to natural impregnation. Sperm can die during the process of collection and insemination, so it can be that one sperm survives. Another factor is the average litter size of the breed. Breeds who do not have large litters are more likely to produce only one puppy in a litter. The peak breeding years for Frenchies are between 2 and 8 years old. Getting pregnant outside this range decreases the litter size that they can produce. Frenchie puppies can leave their mothers at around 8 to 9 weeks old. Some countries are strict with this, making it illegal to buy puppies younger than this. Since Frenchies are a companion breed, they are clingy towards their protectors. Even more when it comes to a puppy and their mother and littermates. Taking them away this early is bad for their health, and may even cause behavioral problems down the road. Also, you need to give them time to wean. This process is necessary to prepare them when they need to leave their mothers. A bulk of this cost goes into feeding two adult Frenchies. But the prices may vary depending on where you live, your vet, and other factors. These are only estimated to give you a better picture of the expenses. The key characteristics of Frenchies are their bat ears, square heads, and arched back. As part of the Bulldog family, they look muscular and heavy-boned but in a compact body. To get a better view of the breed standard, below are the ideal characteristics of each of their features. Weight The ideal weight for males is .Exceeding this can get your Frenchie disqualified from registering. Head and Skull Large and square, proportionate to their size. The skull should be almost flat between their ears with a rounded forehead. Muzzle Should be well defined that is clear from the side. The muzzle should be broad and deep, with well-developed cheek muscles. The stop should also be well-defined, with a hollow groove between the eyes. Their nose should be black as this color is desirable. Other colors are a disqualification. An exception to this is for cream or fawn Frenchies with no black masks, but this is not preferred. Eyes The eyes are dark, nearing black. Both eyes should match in color and are wide apart, round, and moderate in size. They should sit low in the skull and are far from the ears. Darker eyes are best, as lighter eyes are not desirable. Any hints of blue or green in the eyes are a disqualification. The whites of the eyes should not show when looking straight ahead. Ears Their bat ears should be medium-sized, with a wide base and rounded top. They should be set high and erect, with the ear opening facing front. Mouth This should be broad, deep, and square with a slight undershot. Their teeth should be regular and not visible when their mouth is closed. Their tongue must also not protrude and any other bites are serious faults. Neck Thick, moderate in length, well-arched. Their necks should have loose skin by the throat. It should have an arch, falling behind the shoulders and rising to the loin. From the top, their backs should be broader at the shoulders, narrower in the rear. Chest Broad, full, and deep with well-sprung ribs, with tucked bellies. Tail The tail should be thick at the root and tapers towards the tip. It should be straight and long enough to cover their anus. Frenchies should have short tails that carry low. Feet Their feet should be small and compact with high knuckles. Their hind feet should be longer than their forelegs. The nails should be short, thick, and black. Hindquarters Strong, muscular, and longer than forelegs so that the loin is higher than the shoulders. Forequarters Short, straight, muscular, and wide apart. Gait They should have a four-tracking foot pattern. The front track should be wider than the rear track. They should have a flowing and unrestrained movement. Temperament Intelligent, highly affectionate, and adaptable. Frenchies should be alert and playful, but not boisterous. Coat Frenchies should have short and fine coats that are smooth and brilliant. Their skin should be loose at the head and shoulders to create wrinkles. Color The acceptable colors are brindle, pied, cream, white, and fawn. Desirable traits may vary, but certain coats are a disqualification. This includes the following: Solid Black. Tweet Breeding French Bulldogs can be a rewarding and fulfilling experience for any breeder. But, it is important to know when the ideal time to breed your French Bulldog is. Breeding too early or too late can cause complications for both the mother and her puppies. In this blog post, we will cover everything you need to know about when lilac french bulldog stud should breed, why they breed, and how many times they should be bred each year. We will also provide guidance on what steps to take if you decide to have a French Bulldog baby. When should French bulldogs breed? Breeding French bulldogs is a complex process that should be done in late winter or early spring when the weather is mild, and the dog is in good health. It is recommended not to breed a French bulldog until it is at least six years old and in good physical condition. When breeding a female French bulldog, it should be with one or two other dogs of the same sex to produce healthy puppies. It is essential to keep track of the weight, size, and age of the male dog who will mate with the female dog. The father of the pup should also be closely related to the mother for genetic diversity purposes. Breeding two unrelated dogs could lead to genetic disorders in their offspring. Why do French bulldogs breed? French Bulldogs are very popular pets and one of the best breeds for families with children owing to their gentle nature. Ideally, French bulldogs should be bred between the months of November and February when it is less hot outside. However, French bulldogs can conceive at any time during their menstrual cycle, so it is essential to use proper contraception when breeding them. It is important not to breed a French bulldog if they have any health issues like hip dysplasia or a heart condition. They should be well-fed and exercised before breeding to ensure that they will have a healthy pregnancy and birth. In conclusion, responsible breeding practices must be followed when it comes to French bulldogs in order to ensure the health and happiness of both the mother and her puppies. How many French bulldogs should be bred each year? It is recommended to breed French bulldogs during their most fertile stage, which is typically in the spring or fall. It is not advisable to breed French bulldogs if they are currently pregnant, nursing, or have recently given birth. Only experienced dog breeders who understand the needs and temperament of French bulldogs should be involved in breeding. The average litter size for these dogs ranges from six to eight puppies, but it can vary depending on the quality of the breeding pair. What to do if you decide to have a French bulldog baby? If you have decided to breed your French bulldog, it is essential to consider a few things. French bulldogs should be bred when they are between years old. The ideal breeding season for these dogs is late winter or early spring. Breeders usually perform two to six litters a year. It is crucial to ensure that your French bulldog lives in an environment that is quiet, dry, and cool with ample space to run and play. Before breeding, it is recommended that French bulldogs are spayed or neutered before they reach six months of age. This will prevent any reproductive issues and help ensure the health of both the mother and the puppies. It is also advisable to consult with a veterinarian who specializes in breeding before deciding on the breeding process. Kokou Adzo Kokou Adzo is the editor and author of Startup. He is passionate about business and tech, and brings you the latest Startup news and information. 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