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Life Span Did You Know? The Cockapoo is a cross between a Cocker Spaniel and a Miniature Poodle, a Cockapoo and either of the original parent breeds, or two Cockapoos. They are one of the most popular designer dog breeds. The American Canine Hybrid Club recognizes both mixes. The Cockapoo can also be referred to as a Spoodle or a Cockadoodle. With some of the most affectionate dog breeds as parents, well-socialized Cockapoos are affectionate family dogs that thrive on attention and affection from their favorite humans. They tend to get along well with children, other dogs, and other pets. Provided they are properly socialized, they are even open and friendly with strangers. Cockapoos are highly adaptable dogs. Provided they get enough daily attention, mental stimulation, and exercise, they adapt well to larger homes as well as apartments. They do well in most climates, but are sensitive to heat. Due to their small size, they may also need to bundle up with some winter dog products while on walks in the cold. Because they thrive on attention and bond so closely with their families, these companion dogs do not like to be left alone for long periods of time. They can also be prone to developing separation anxiety if you do not work with them early on. Potential health concerns to be aware of in Cockapoos can include elbow dysplasia , hip dysplasia, cataracts, and glaucoma. Good breeding practices and screening make a big difference in the health of puppies. Reputable breeders will screen their dogs to ensure they are not passing preventable issues to puppies. Make sure you ask about the health and genetic history of both parents. You can also ask about any health tests or clearances that have been done. With some of the best dog breeds for first-time owners as parents, the Cockapoo is also a great fit for owners of any experience level. They bond closely with their owners and are sensitive to them. This, along with their intelligence and eagerness to please, means they pick up on things quickly and respond well to rewards and praise. They could have a coat similar to a Mini Poodle or a coat similar to a Cocker Spaniel. In either case, you will need to brush them daily to remove tangles and prevent mats and visit the groomer every weeks. Weekly ear checks along with careful cleanings if needed can help prevent ear infections. Daily dental care for dogs helps prevent painful dental diseases later in life. Daily brushing, along with cleanings as the vet when needed, is ideal. Cockapoos may be small dogs, but they are also playful and energetic. These dogs sit in a moderate activity range and will often match their energy level to yours. Daily walks plus some play sessions throughout the day are usually enough for these dogs, but they will also usually be up for more activity if you are. They also tend to be versatile and athletic. Once puppies finish growing and the vet clears them for what you want to try, you can try a variety of activities with them. Fully-grown Cockapoos usually stand inches tall and weigh pounds. Cockapoos generally live for years on average. One of the facts about Cockapoos is that they are considered one of the first designer dog breeds, according to the modern definition of the term. They have been a popular designer dog breed since the s. Featured Cockapoo Article. Cockapoo Puppies for Sale If you want to buy a cockapoo puppy, look no further than the adorable litters at Family Puppies. We take great care of our puppies and their parents. You can read all about us and how we determine the pricing for our puppies, what we feed our puppies, how we guarantee the health of each puppy we breed, and how you can pay your deposit here. If you have any questions about Family Puppies or about how to purchase a cockapoo puppy from us, you can give us a call at , or you can also fill out our online contact form to the right of the page. We look forward to hearing from you and helping you add the perfect cockapoo puppy to your family. Read on to learn more about cockapoos — their physical characteristics and their general temperament. You can also see photos of the puppies from our recent litters below. Family Puppies breeds premium cockapoos and has a number of cockapoo puppies for sale. Family Puppies has over 16 years of experience in breeding happy and healthy puppies. What Are Cockapoos? Cockapoos are a crossbreed of cocker spaniels and poodles. As crossbreeds, cockapoos can exhibit traits and characteristics of both breeds. Generally, cockapoos are playful, active, and loving. They require lots of love and attention and do well with children and other animals. While some cockapoos might have more physical poodle traits or cocker spaniel traits, all generally benefit from a fairly curly coat that is not prone to dander or shedding, making care and cleaning easier on owners. Why Choose Family Puppies? Family Puppies takes the health and happiness of our puppies seriously. We raise all puppies in a loving and fun environment to ensure early socialization. All parents are registered with the American Kennel Club, and we take care to vaccinate all puppies and maintain their good health. When you choose a cockapoo from Family Puppies , you are guaranteed to receive a happy, healthy, and gorgeous dog with a temperament that will work well with your family. To ensure customer satisfaction, we offer a one-year health guarantee and a hour vet check health guarantee. If you take the puppy to the vet within the hour period and they find any health problems, you have the option of returning the puppy for a full refund on the purchase price only. View images of our cockapoo parents below, as well as listings for cockapoo puppies for sale. For questions or concerns, reach out to us with the form on the right or by calling us at .Ellie Female.
However, these numbers are not set in stone, as some pups do grow faster, and some a bit slower. From there on, their growth will slow down significantly. Around the time they are 18 to 24 months old, Boxers finish growing. Naturally, larger Boxers will reach their adult size later than Boxers on the lower end of the scale. However, all Boxers will continue to gain girth and fill up their chest cavities well over their first birthdays. If their paws look disproportionately big compared to the rest of their body, they still have some growing to do! Boxer is a medium to large sized breed with a boxy chest and muscular body. Full-grown female Boxers usually weigh around 50 to 65 pounds, and stand around .Male full-grown Boxers usually weigh more than females with an average of 65 to 80 pound body weight. They usually stand around 23 to 25 inches tall at the shoulder. Full-grown Boxers can weigh anywhere between 50 to 80 pounds, and stand around .We hope you found this Boxer size guide helpful in understanding the sizes and growth patterns of Boxers. After all, knowing the estimated adult size of your Boxer puppy will provide you a better understanding of what type of living conditions you can provide them. After all, what every dog owner wants is for their furry little companion to thrive and live the best life possible! What kind of diet do we give our pooches for a healthy weight? What you should never overfeed a dog? You should never ever overfeed your dogs too much carbs as they get stored as fat in the body if they are not used. Unfortunately, carbohydrates are much cheaper an ingredient as compared to the other nutrients like protein. Hence, they are often used by major large dog food manufacturers to make up the weight of dog food whilst keeping the prices of the dog food low. This is the main reason why pets all over the United States are getting obese. And, ironically, this became the driving forces behind the rise of these healthy pet food startups , as their founders seek to provide their own proper and much healthier alternatives. The high fiber content will make your dogs feel content faster and thus eat less. And since fiber does not get stored in the body like carbs do, it can be promising measure to keep your pooch's weight under control. Mathematically, eating less will reduce weight gain. However, it can easily lead to malnourishment if your dog is not given the proper nutrition. We are talking about nutrients beyond the common proteins and carbohydrates. They include omega fatty acids, minerals, vitamins, amino acids and many more! The key here is not to eat less. The key here is to maintain a balanced diet. And what constitutes a balanced diet? That requires a deep understanding and a wide study in the field of pet nutrition to truly determine it; so much that it warrants a university degree. To get the most balanced, holistic and healthiest dog foods , it is often better to leave it to the experts. Have you been scheduling your dog's meal time wrongly? And does it really matter? Scheduling your dog's meal time will tune their stomach to become hungry only at their meal times. Combining this with the right amount of dog food given to them, it will keep your dogs from becoming hungry out of meal hours. In turn, this will maintain their metabolism rate and utilize all the food they consume fully and appropriately. As a bonus, regular meal time will also discourage them from scavenging around the house like little vacuum cleaners as they grow accustomed to the amount of food they are given and to be used for the intervals between meal times. These food brands are not your typical corporate pet food manufacturers. These are pet food startups fueled by the passion from their pet enthusiasts founders who only want the best for all dogs under the sky. Each of them have came up with their own unique formula that will surely satisfy your dogs' taste buds without compromising their health. Click here or the button below to learn more about these bespoke food brands. Underweight and undernourishment is as real an issue as obesity among dogs. Underweight dogs appear thin and frail. And before you know it, they will start to lose all the hair on their coat and look like anything but a dog. These cases created a market of specialized dog food that help your dog to gain weight healthily. Here are 7 of the best dog foods for weight gain that can help your underweight dog get back its glory. Read more by clicking the button below. This post may contain affiliate links. Read more here. Courage and loyalty are attributes the Boxer is usually described with. With a good work ethic, playful demeanor, and a goofy face, this dog breed ranks among the top 10 in the USA for a while now. Their nobility and elegance came to focus after the originally working breed Boxer became unemployed during the early 19th century. The breed name derives from the way they defend themselves with their paws while playing. It really appears as the dog spars with the front paws. There is no doubt one might be tempted to get bring home one of these loving fellas. The growth in dogs has much to say about their health and potential — but how? While growing up dogs that suffer from some diseases might stagnate more than others. Boxers are a medium to large dog breed and are pretty safe from the usual bone and muscle disorders in larger dogs. However, hip dysplasia remains one of the most common issues. Reputable breeders will let you meet the parents and give you contacts from owners of puppies born in previous litters. Most Boxer puppies will correspond just fine to the ranges mentioned for their age. It is super important to not rush the growing process. Dogs that are overweight can experience problems later on in life that might have been avoided by maintaining an appropriate body condition. Moreover, the veterinarian can have the pup checked for possible health conditions causing the slow growth. Photo by otsphoto on Shutterstock Even with late bloomers, there is no reason to worry. Some dogs experience growing episodes sooner than others. The same rules apply to puppies that grow too fast. Damage due to wrong feeding can be avoided by using high-quality premium food and sticking to the recommendations according to weight and age on the labels. Never miss out on consulting your vet on the topic first — they will be glad to guide you through it! Boxer Growth Stages Until they reach adulthood, Boxers go through 3 growth stages. The general difference between the growth stages is how fast the puppy grows during the period and how they appear in posture and body condition. The first stage is from birth until they are 2 weeks of age. After the second week, the growth rate slows down. Most breeders wean the puppies off around the 4th-5th week. At 18 months of age, you can probably introduce your companion as a fully developed, curious, and independent adult Boxer. Boxer puppies have somewhere between 2. At the end of the first stage, they can reach around 4. At 1 month of age, their stuffed muscle figure comes at about 5. By the time they are 16 weeks old, males weigh lbs .Male Boxers are expected to have approximately lbs .In the next six months, the growth slows down to about lbs 0. Male Boxers should weigh around lbs kg by the time they reach 6 months of age. Female boxer puppies are expected to have lbs kg when they are half a year old. Since the Boxer qualifies as a medium to large breed, it takes longer for them to reach their full-sized version compared to other smaller breeds. There are exceptions when Boxers complete the growth at 20, even 24 months. Female Boxers that are done growing up weigh approximately lbs kg and stand .Their male counterparts have between 60 and 70 lbs kg and are 23 to 25 inches cm tall. In the meantime provide quality food, regular exercise, and maintain regular veterinary check-ups to ensure their well-being. As with all other dog breeds, some adult Boxers will be smaller than the standard dimensions of the breed. On the other hand, there is a handful of those that are larger than the standard too. Genetics is the most probable cause for this. Rarely do Boxers end up being smaller than the rest due to low production of the growth hormone. Luckily growth hormone problems in Boxers are very rare and other breeds such as the Miniature Pinscher, Spitz, or Karelian Bear Dog are more prone to the condition. Growth defects in dogs can appear due to Dwarfism Achondroplasia. Minor deformities can be surgically corrected, but again with a dubious prognosis. In Conclusion Understanding the growth chart will help you understand what role nutrition, diet, and exercise plays and adjust accordingly. Getting rid of excess weight or ruling out health issues is something you and your vet can work on together. Disclaimer: This blog post does not substitute veterinary attention and does not intend to do so. I am not a veterinarian or pet nutritionist. If your dog shows any sign of illness, call your vet. Post navigation. We can see when your Boxer puppy will become their adult size and reach its full height. Your new puppy will grow rapidly for the first two weeks. Your pup should weigh between 4. When your doggo is between six and eight weeks old, they should also prepare for their first vaccinations. Males should be around 17 to 19 inches .At one year old, females should weigh between 55 and 65 pounds .Many factors are involved. For your doggo to maintain a healthy lifestyle, monitoring their growth and weight is a good idea. How can you tell how big a Boxer will get? Within the first six months of age, your Boxer will grow rapidly. You can tell how big your pooch may get by looking at their paws and head. For example, your furry friend may look disproportionate for a while. However, some parts of their body will catch up to the rest within a few months or even a few weeks. Is your Boxer at a healthy weight? You can typically tell whether or not your Boxer is at a healthy weight by their ribs. But, on the other hand, if you can feel and see their ribs, they may be underweight. Always check with your vet to be on the safe side. What are some Boxer dog body shape changes? Boxer puppies grow in height faster than their weight gain. When this dog breed matures and becomes an adult, they will have a wide chest. But, overall, Boxer is strong and lean. In addition, different factors are involved when it comes to impacting how your dog grows. In addition, reputable breeders should have this information. The nutrition you feed your pooch can help or hinder their growth. For example, if you feed them dog food with unhealthy fillers and lots of fat, they may become obese, thus hurting their growth and overall health. Will neutering or spaying your Boxer affect their growth? Spaying or neutering your Boxer has more pros than cons. For example, some health conditions may include hip dyslexia, bloat, acne, arthritis, and cancer. The best way to ensure your pooch remains healthy is to work together with your veterinarian. Take your dog to regular vet appointments at least once per year for an annual check-up. In addition, talk to your vet about the type of dog food and exercise your Boxer should be getting. If your doggo is overweight or underweight, the vet will be able to help. Finally, properly groom your doggo. Physical activity Boxers need plenty of room to run around and stretch their legs. However, they love to play and enjoy a round of fetch with you in a fenced-in yard. Just be sure to wait until their bones and joints are fully developed before taking them for jogs or hikes. Otherwise, they could have joint issues later in life. Dangers of stunted or accelerated growth If your Boxer is a little bigger or small than the others of its breed, that may not necessarily be a bad thing. However, some issues can occur. For example, your pooch may be smaller due to a growth hormone deficiency. This controls the growth rate in dogs, their bone and teeth development and maintains a healthy coat. Dwarfism could also be the reason. When do Boxers stop growing? You can expect your Boxer to be fully grown and stop growing between 18 and 24 months of age. This system works on a scale of one to nine. One means your pup is underweight and unhealthy. Nine means they are extremely overweight. The ideal place on the scale where you want your large dog to be is a five. What should you do if your Boxer is growing too fast? Growth disorders can occur in larger dogs, such as Boxers. If you notice your dog growing too fast, talk to your vet first. How to help your Boxer lose weight if he is overweight? This includes their diet and exercise. Take a look at what dog food you feed your pooch. In addition, do you feed your doggo people food and table scraps? Do Boxer mixes vary in size? If you want to learn more, you can read about Boxer mixes here. How Big Is Your Boxer? These happy doggos are a delight to have around. Boxers are great companions dogs for anyone young or old. While this pooch can have certain health conditions, they do have an average growth track. Overall, with proper exercise and dieting, your Boxer will develop into a happy, healthy pup. Did your Boxer puppy grow on track? Let us know in the comments below. Further reading: Learn more about the Growth of other Dog Breeds. Male Dog Track your Boxer's weight and compare it to other dogs! Discover the ideal weight for your Boxer and track his progress! Register your dog or puppy now for free and become a part of our growing community of over 7. Boxer: Frequently asked questions about the dog breed How much does a Boxer puppy weigh? Typically, a Boxer puppy weighs around 12,5 - 22,9 lbs at 2 months old and continues to gain an additional 18,24 lbs over the next 2 months. By approximately 18 weeks, when the puppy reaches the adolescent stage, a Boxer puppy weighs about 29,2 - 38,5 lbs. What is the typical size of a Boxer? The size of an Boxer can vary depending on gender and genetics. Generally, male Boxers reach a shoulder height of approximately 60 cm, while females have an average shoulder height of around .When is the dog breed Boxer fully grown? The dog breed Boxer usually reaches full physical maturity at about 15 to 15 months of age. However, this may vary from individual to individual, as each dog has its own growth rate. What is the average weight of a fully grown Boxer? The weight of a fully grown Boxer dog can vary depending on factors such as gender and genetics. On average, male dogs of this breed typically weigh between .Female dogs, on the other hand, usually have a weight range of .What is the average lifespan of a Boxer dog? Boxers generally have a life expectancy of approximately 10 to 12 years. With proper care, nutrition, and regular veterinary attention, they can lead happy and healthy lives. Our goal is to promote and support healthy growth of your dog.
Prevalence: Common Boxers are stocky, muscular and powerful. Males grow to about 25 inches and weigh from about 65 to 80 pounds 30 to 36 kilograms ; females grow from about 21 to 25 inches and weigh from about 50 to 65 pounds 22 to 30 kilograms. Boxers have regal, distinctly shaped square heads. Their jaw is undershot and the muzzle blunt. They have a broad, deep chest and a relatively short, strong back. Boxer's ears fold over naturally, but traditionally, their ears have been cropped to stand erect. Their tails generally are docked and carried high. Their feet are compact and the toes are arched. The boxer's coat is short and sheds moderately. Some boxers are a rich, fawn color and others are brindle. Their face or mask is usually black, but many have white face markings and white on the chest and paws. Personality: Boxers are intelligent, high-energy, playful dogs that like to stay busy. Their temperament reflects their breeding. They prefer to be in the company of their owners and are loyal pets that will fiercely guard their family and home against strangers. Few boxers bark excessively. If a boxer barks, chances are there is a good reason. Many boxers are vocal, however, and make a growling noise that's really just the dog's way of talking. Living With: The boxer has a high need for companionship and exercise. If these needs are not met, boxers can be destructive if left alone in the house. Boxers are ideal for people who want a canine companion with them most of the time or for larger busy families with homes that are often occupied by someone. They can do well on a country estate or in a city apartment as long as they have the opportunity to romp and expel energy. If you live in an urban area, regular walks are necessary. Boxers are intolerant of hot weather, and care must be taken to prevent them from getting overheated. They also need protection from the cold since they are short-coated. Their coats, however, are very easy to care for and will be shiny and bright as long as they have a good diet, are bathed occasionally, and are given regular rub-downs with a grooming mitt or brushings with a rubber curry. Some boxers drool excessively, and some snort and snore. Like other larger dogs, boxers are not particularly long-lived. Their life expectancy ranges from about seven to 10 years. History: Boxers are descendants of extinct bullenbaiser breeds crossed with mastiff, bulldog and possibly Great Dane and even a terrier. They were developed in Germany in the 19th century, initially as bull baiting dogs and later as butcher's helpers, controlling cattle in slaughterhouses. Some breed historians say boxers are named from the German word boxl, their slaughterhouse designation. Other fanciers contend the name boxer comes from the characteristic way that they use their forepaws to play, sparring much like a human boxer. After the breed rose to become among the most popular in America. Boxers are considered working dogs. They were one of the first breeds employed as a police dog, and they have been used as seeing-eye dogs. But they are also bred to be companion and guard dogs, perhaps best known for being loyal family pets that are especially fond of children. Related Pet Care Articles. Although a playful pup sounds endearing, consider how many games of fetch or tag you want to play each day, and whether you have kids or other dogs who can stand in as playmates for the dog. Click here for more information on this characteristic Boxer Overview Boxers, large, muscular, square-headed dogs, appear imposing until their mischievous and joyful eyes reveal their true nature. Boxers reach full maturity at three years, boasting intelligence, alertness, and fearlessness, while remaining friendly. Their loyalty to the family is remarkable, though they can be headstrong when faced with harsh training. With minimal grooming needs, Boxers make excellent family companions, as long as they receive ample physical exercise and mental stimulation. Their origin traces back to Germany, and their short, shiny coats are usually fawn or brindle with white markings. Docked tails and cropped ears are common, but many owners now prefer leaving them natural. Boxers are renowned for their love and loyalty, often trying to be lapdogs. Their strength and courage make them suitable for military, police, and search-and-rescue work. Proper care includes indoor living due to their sensitivity to extreme temperatures. Boxer Highlights Here are some of the highlights of the Boxer breed: Affectionate: Boxers are very affectionate dogs and love to be around their people. They are known for their wagging tails and slobbery kisses. Playful: Boxers are also very playful dogs and love to have fun. They are always up for a game of fetch or a good belly rub. Intelligent: Boxers are very intelligent dogs and can be easily trained. They are often used as working dogs, such as therapy dogs and search and rescue dogs. Trainable: Boxers are also very trainable dogs and can be taught a variety of tricks. They are eager to please their owners and love to learn new things. Loyal: Boxers are very loyal dogs and will always protect their family. They are known for their bravery and willingness to stand up to danger. The Bullenbeisser was used as a hunting dog for centuries to hunt bear, wild boar, and deer, tasked with catching and holding the prey until hunters arrived. Over time, Bullenbeissers lost their jobs on estates and began to be used by farmers and butchers to guard and drive cattle. The Boxer we know today was developed in the late 19th century when a Munich man named Georg Alt bred a brindle-colored female Bullenbeisser named Flora with a local dog of unknown origin. Schecken was then bred to an English Bulldog named Tom to produce a dog named Flocki, who became the first Boxer to be entered in the German Stud Book after winning at a Munich show that had a special event for Boxers. One of her pups was a white female named Meta von der Passage, considered to be the mother of the Boxer breed, even though photographs of her show that she bore little resemblance to the modern Boxer. Our great line of sires all trace directly back to this female. She was a substantially built, low to the ground, brindle and white parti-color, lacking in underjaw and exceedingly lippy. As a producing bitch few in any breed can match her record. She consistently whelped puppies of marvelous type and rare quality. Those of her offspring sired by Flock St. Salvator and Wotan dominate all present-day. The breed became known in other parts of Europe in the late s. Around , the first Boxers were imported into the U. Lehman of New York. When Word War I broke out, Boxers were enlisted into the military, serving as messenger dogs, carrying packs and acting as attack and guard dogs. Boxers started becoming popular in the U. Through them, the breed was introduced to more people and soon became a favorite companion animal, show dog, and guard dog. In the early days, there was a lot of controversy within the club about the Boxer standard. In , the club finally approved a new standard. The latest revisions of the standard were in .Today, the Boxer ranks 7th among the breeds and varieties registered by the AKC. Boxer Size The height at the shoulder for males usually ranges from .Females typically stand 21 to .Strangers are met with wariness, but they respond politely to friendly people. They display aggression only in defense of their family and home. Temperament is influenced by factors like heredity, training , and socialization. Boxer puppies with good temperaments are curious, playful, and open to approaching and being held by people. Socialization, early exposure to diverse experiences, people, and places, is crucial to ensure they grow up as well-rounded, friendly dogs. Enrolling them in puppy kindergarten classes and regular interactions with visitors, neighbors, and various environments help develop their social skills. Boxer Health Boxers are generally a healthy breed, but like all dogs, they have certain health conditions to be aware of. Here are some conditions to watch out for, along with precautions: Cancer : Boxers are prone to mast cell tumors, lymphoma, and brain tumors. White Boxers with excessive white markings can get sunburned and may develop skin cancer. Apply sunscreen to their ears, nose, and coat when they go outdoors. This condition can lead to fainting and sudden death. A veterinary cardiologist can diagnose it after detecting a heart murmur. Affected dogs should not be bred. Boxer cardiomyopathy BCM : An inherited condition causing an irregular heartbeat due to an electrical conduction disorder. It can result in weakness, collapse, or sudden death. Detection is challenging, leading to unexpected fatalities. Dogs showing signs of this condition should not be bred. While some dogs show signs of pain and lameness, others may not exhibit discomfort. X-ray screening helps detect hip dysplasia, and affected dogs should not be bred. Hypothyroidism : Caused by a deficiency of thyroid hormone, leading to infertility, obesity, mental dullness, and lack of energy. It can be managed with daily thyroid replacement pills. Corneal Dystrophy : Non-inflammatory eye diseases inherited in Boxers, affecting one or more corneal layers, causing opaque areas in the eyes. A weakened immune system can lead to demodectic mange, resulting in localized or generalized skin issues. Gastric dilatation-volvulus GDV , also called Bloat or Torsion : A life-threatening condition more common in deep-chested dogs like Boxers. Feeding habits and exercise patterns can contribute to GDV. Immediate medical attention is crucial. Allergies : Boxers are prone to both environmental and food-related allergies. Itchy, scaly skin should be examined by a vet. Responsible breeding is essential to reduce the risk of deafness. Boxer Care Boxers are indoor dogs due to their short noses and coats, making them unsuitable for outdoor living. However, they enjoy playing in a fenced yard. Engage them in play or walk them twice daily for at least half an hour to keep their muscles toned and their energy satisfied. Activities like fetch, long walks, or dog sports like agility and flyball are great options. Adequate exercise ensures good behavior—a tired Boxer is a well-behaved Boxer. Training is crucial for Boxers, as their size and strength can inadvertently harm people. Their temperament, being happy and excitable, requires early and consistent training using firm, fair methods with positive reinforcement through praise, play, and food rewards. Be consistent to avoid pushing boundaries. Settle them down before training class with a walk or play session for better focus. Housetraining requires patience; some Boxers are trained by four months, while others take longer. Regular potty breaks and praising them outdoors are essential. Crate training is recommended for their successful training. Boxer Feeding For an ideal Boxer diet , choose high-quality food suited for medium-sized breeds with high energy. Optimize their chances for a long, healthy life by providing proper nutrition. To prevent weight gain, adhere to a regular feeding schedule with two meals per day. Limit treats and avoid leaving food out all day. Consult your vet for personalized recommendations based on factors like weight, energy levels, and overall health. Boxer Coat Color And Grooming Boxers boast a sleek, short coat with tight skin, accentuating their athletic bodies. They come in fawn or brindle colors, occasionally with white markings. Fawn ranges from light tan to mahogany, while brindle displays striking black stripes on a fawn background. White markings should not cover more than one-third of the coat, and excessive white is discouraged due to potential health issues like skin cancer and deafness. They lack the gene for a solid black coat, so black Boxers are not seen. Bathing should be done as needed. Maintaining dental hygiene and nail care are essential. Regularly brushing their teeth prevents periodontal disease, and trimming nails every few weeks keeps their feet in good condition. Starting grooming routines early in puppyhood helps them become accustomed to the process, ensuring positive veterinary exams and handling as adults. Regular grooming also provides an opportunity to check for any potential health issues, such as sores, rashes, or signs of infection, promoting early detection and care. Boxer Children And Other Pets Boxers are fond of kids and make excellent playmates for active older children. However, their rambunctious nature may be too much for toddlers, possibly causing accidental knocks during play. Never leave a dog unsupervised with a child. With proper socialization, Boxers can also get along well with other dogs and cats, particularly if raised together. Boxer Rescue Groups Boxers are often purchased without any clear understanding of what goes into owning one. There are many Boxers in need of adoption and or fostering. There are a number of rescues that we have not listed. Many can be found with a quick internet search. Back to Top Boxer Temperament With their muscular physique and dark eyes, Boxers might seem tough and serious. You can often catch them sitting with their rear legs out in front of them like people and rolling back into a lazy dog position. Often described as being more human than dog, Boxers are known to be quite sensitive. Sad puppy dog eyes warning! Boxers perform brilliantly as guard dogs and service, assistance and therapy dogs and in roles such as drug detection and search-and-rescue. But that protective nature can work against them, too. Back to Top How to Care for a Boxer Exuberant, playful and sensitive, Boxers require a good deal of exercise and training. But the extra effort is worth it thanks to their good nature and charming personalities. Brushing your Boxer a few times a week using a rubber curry brush or a hound glove can help keep shedding in check and keep the coat healthy and tight to the skin. Speaking of brushing, brush their teeth daily to prevent tartar buildup and dental disease. Get the how-to here. Unless they get really dirty, Boxers only need to be bathed once a month. Training Training is a great way to provide physical activity and mental stimulation, which are especially important for Boxers. So, a Boxer puppy will benefit greatly from early socialization and dog training classes. The good news is Boxer dogs are highly trainable due to their intelligence and excellent problem-solving skills. Canine sports like obedience, agility and herding are all great options for burning off that Boxer energy. Interactive toys , puzzle games and scent work which teaches a dog to identify and track various odors also can keep Boxers mentally stimulated throughout their life. To determine if a dog food is complete and balanced, look on the package for a statement that says it meets nutritional standards established by the Association of American Feed Control Officials AAFCO. Boxers are prone to heart issues. More on that below. At around 6 or 7 years old, they may need to transition to a senior diet to help manage their weight, which can become an issue later in life. Be sure to speak to your veterinarian as they can help you choose the best food for your dog based on their activity level, weight, age and unique needs. Treats can be an effective training aid, but giving too many can cause obesity. And of course, your Boxer should always have access to clean, fresh water. Well-trained Boxers make great running companions for short, brisk runs when the weather is moderate. Boxers also love to play fetch. Growing Boxer puppies should be exercised less than adults. Ideal Environment Boxers need room to roam, so apartments may not be ideal. A house with a big yard for activity and exercise would be best, but living in an area where long walks are possible will also suffice. Ulcers: Eye ulcers are a common condition in Boxers. Signs are extreme tearing, squinting and redness. If you suspect your Boxer has an eye ulcer, take them to a vet who can diagnose and treat it. Degenerative Myelopathy: This incurable spinal condition spreads through the central nervous system and can leave a Boxer unable to walk when they get older. Dragging the hind legs is often the first sign dog parents notice. A doggy wheelchair can help improve mobility and quality of life. Hip Dysplasia: Boxers have a predisposition to this skeletal condition in one or both hip joints. If your Boxer has trouble getting up from sitting or navigating stairs, it can be an indication of the disease. A veterinarian can diagnose hip dysplasia with an examination and X-ray. Treatment varies depending on the severity, and may include physical therapy or surgery. In mild cases, the dog may not need treatment. In moderate to severe instances, medication may be needed. Most often, exercise is limited in Boxers with this condition. Cancer: Unfortunately, Boxers are prone to several different cancers, including hemangiosarcoma and lymphosarcoma, as well as tumors. Allergies: Just like in humans, seasonal allergies affect dogs, and the Boxer is no exception. Baths, air filters in the home, and avoiding walks during times of day when pollen counts in your area are highest can help ease Boxer dog allergies. Boxer underbite, when the upper jaw is shorter than it should be, can be common. If the upper incisors dig into the lower jaw, teeth will have to be extracted. Back to Top Boxer History The sleek Boxer we know today can be traced back to Medieval Germany—it was bred down from the larger German breed, the Bullenbeisser, or bull biter, whose forte was hunting ferocious game like bear and wild boar. A jack-of-all-trades, Boxers have been athletes, cattle dogs, police dogs, war dogs in both World Wars , watchdogs, protection dogs and guide dogs for the blind. You can also reach out to a Boxer rescue organization to adopt a Boxer or keep an eye out for the breed at your local animal shelter. FAQs Are Boxer dogs hypoallergenic? No, Boxers are not considered hypoallergenic. Even though their coat is short, they do shed. The good news is they require little grooming. Are Boxers dangerous dogs? Boxers are not considered an aggressive dog breed, but they can be dangerous without proper training because of their size and power. Obedience training early on is important to channel their energy in positive ways. Do boxers drool? Since Boxers have drooping jowls, they produce large quantities of saliva and, yes, they do drool. What are the most popular Boxer dog names? For more dog name ideas, here are our suggestions for the top dog names. What are the most common boxer mixes? The most common Boxer dog mixes are: Boxer-Pitbull mix Bullboxer. They have a great sense of humor and are quite cuddly, considering their stocky selves to be right at home on your lap—even when they reach up to 80 pounds! They love their people, they love to please, and are extremely intelligent and loyal," says breeder Marc Hatten, owner of Mountain Crest Boxers in Huson, Mont. Boxers have a short, glossy coat —usually a fawn, brindle, or white color —that's soft to the touch, often with flecks of white across the chest, face, and paws. His square head is a unique feature, lifted high above a strong back and tapered hindquarters. Most boxers have broad, black faces, also known as masks. Their ears create a floppy frame around their masks, although some dog owners have traditionally cropped the ears so they stand up. Though this is controversial; according to the American Veterinary Medical Association , cropping is almost always done for cosmetic reasons and has no proven health benefits. Don't let the downward frown of the jowls fool you—they're happy dogs! Because boxers weigh between 50—80 pounds and top off at nearly 2 feet high at the shoulder, they're considered medium- to large-sized dogs. Temperament While your boxer is a puppy, introduce him to as many adults, children, and other pets as you can so he develops strong connections and learns good manners. Boxers can be suspicious around new people and animals, so the earlier they interact with other pets and families at a dog park or in the neighborhood, the better. A boxer dog's temperament is naturally friendly and fun without being overly jumpy, barky, or excitable—once they graduate from their awkward puppy phase, that is! They reach full maturity in about three years, which is longer than other dog breeds. So positive reinforcement training is a must to help properly channel a young boxer's abundant energy. Fortunately, they're easy to train and eager to please, so they respond well to cues and leash training. Boxers dislike routine, so teaching them new tricks from time to time keeps their curious minds engaged. Hatten recommends two essential reasons for crate training boxer puppies : to curb undesirable habits caused by boredom and to provide a sense of security. This provides a safe retreat as he adjusts to new people and surroundings, also referred to as a "decompression period. Some experts recommend that the crate—with door open—be placed in an area where your new companion can easily see you and approach for reassurance whenever he needs to, reinforcing the new bond. Ask your veterinarian or a certified trainer for more tips to ease your boxer into the family. Living Needs Owning a boxer means you want a dog that can keep up with your lifestyle and be a true canine friend. They wouldn't be well-suited to an individual or family that couldn't provide these basic activities and socialization aspects. It's not unusual for boxers to need at least 30 minutes—or more—of exercise and dedicated play each day. Because of their dutiful personalities and intelligence, they've been trained to work in K9 units with police, as messengers during WWII, cattle wranglers, and guides for people with visual impairments. So with this type of energy and attention to detail, it's no wonder they thrive with people who are active in the great outdoors and enjoy running , hiking , camping , enjoying family outings in the park, working on farms, and exploring other environments that provide healthy engagement. American boxer dogs have lean, muscular bodies designed for movement and short, easy-care coats, so they're ready to go when you are. A mature boxer can also be a trusty and loyal companion for an apartment dweller or senior citizen who enjoys daily walks and has a fenced-in yard or accessible park area that allows for plenty of fetch time. Care Clean your boxer's teeth every day if possible to prevent tartar buildup. Fortunately, a specific doggie toothbrush and toothpaste makes this an easy task. Ask your veterinarian for tips. Sparkling teeth and healthy gums also help reduce drooling. Boxers don't drool as much as other breeds, but slobber can happen regularly depending on the size and shape of your dog's nose and jaw. Keep his coat sleek and shiny by brushing him a couple of times a week with a hound glove or rubber curry-brush. They don't shed a lot , but regular brushing helps control any fur that does fly. Because boxers are generally clean, they only need a bath about once a month, and that's a good time to trim their nails and clean their ears , too. Some boxer dogs have deeper facial folds than others, so you might need to wipe these clean with a damp washcloth, especially after a vigorous romp outside nosing through dirt. Health Because boxers have short coats, they often need sweaters or jackets to protect them in cold weather. They're also more sensitive to hot temperatures. They don't sweat , and their snub noses and fleshy mouths can't provide adequate cooling from panting like other dogs. So if it's warm out, time walks in the early morning or late evening when the sun isn't at its hottest. If you notice your boxer is a bit overheated , apply chilled water to his ears, belly, and genitals, where blood vessels are closer to the skin. Because they're so playful, they might also enjoy a quick cool down by frolicking in a small wading pool placed in a shady backyard spot. According to Upstate Veterinary Specialities , particular boxer health problems include cardiomyopathy—specifically, arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy ARVC , which appears in some dogs 5—7 years old. This is a genetic disease that occurs in nearly 40 percent of boxers. The heart muscle is gradually replaced by fibrous, fatty tissue, and causes an irregular heartbeat. Symptoms of ARVC include fainting, shortness of breath, and difficulty exercising. Unfortunately, some dogs don't present any symptoms of ARVC at all, and may die suddenly because of it. According to the American Boxer Club ABC , other potential medical conditions include hip dysplasia , degenerative myelopathy—a progressive disease that affects the hindquarters and spinal cord— thyroid issues , and tumors. When you're looking for a boxer puppy, ask specific testing questions of your breeder. In the 19th century, German and Belgian breeders created bullenbeissers from other dogs of that line, including the mastiff and English bulldog , and used them as large game hunters and for cattle control. Further refinement of that breed revealed a sleeker type of dog—the boxer. Some canine historians believe the name boxer comes from a German reference for the bullenbeisser's role in slaughterhouses—boxl—while others say it describes how the dogs use their front paws in play. The American Kennel Club officially recognized the boxer breed in .A boxer named Sigurd was born in and sold to a California kennel when he was 5 years old, according to the ABC. He and his offspring were the first boxers in the U. Fun Facts American boxer dogs are known for their goofy personalities. They also have a special wiggle frequently referred to as a "kidney bean"—they curve into a semi-circle shape and spin around when really excited! Boxers are favorite companions of many famous folks. Actress Jennifer Aniston, who usually has at least two or three pooch pals, adopted a pit bull-boxer mix in named Sophie. Actress Jessica Biel, along with pop music sensation husband Justin Timberlake, have frequently been snapped by paparazzi while on walks with their boxers, Buckley and Brennan. Was this page helpful? Very real potential for health problems and a short lifespan A Boxer may not be right for you. Keep in mind that the inheritance of temperament is less predictable than the inheritance of physical traits such as size or shedding. Temperament and behavior are also shaped by raising and training. With an adult dog, you can easily see what you're getting, and plenty of adult Boxers have already proven themselves not to have negative characteristics. If you want a puppy, you can avoid some negative traits by choosing the right breeder and the right puppy. Unfortunately, you usually can't tell whether a puppy has inherited temperament or health problems until he grows up. More traits and characteristics of Boxer dogs If I was considering a Boxer, I would be most concerned about.Health problems. Most Boxers, unfortunately, do not live a long life. This is partly due to unwise breeding practices such as inbreeding and linebreeding, which are more likely to pass along defective genes. It's also partly due to the deformities in their structure, especially their shortened face. An alarming number of Boxers die of cancer or heart disease in middle age. Other health concerns include eye diseases such as corneal ulcers , digestive diseases such as ulcerative colitis , hypothyroidism, itchy allergies, skin tumors, and more. Prospective Boxer owners should be aware that they might be taking on expensive health problems over their dog's lifetime. Read more about Boxer Health. Boxer sounds. Boxers are not quiet dogs. Now I don't mean they're yappy! Not at all. But they do vocalize with grumbles and grunts which owners find endearing and also snorts, snuffles, and snores which bother some people. Only you know whether you're one of those people. Gassiness flatulence. All short-faced breeds gulp air when they eat, and that air has to go somewhere, after all. However, commercial diets make flatulence worse by including fibrous or hard-to-digest ingredients. Boxers who are fed a homemade diet of real meat and vegetables have much less trouble with gassiness. Many Boxers, especially those with loose lips, slobber or drool, especially after eating and drinking. You seldom see Boxers in obedience competition. They have an independent mind of their own and are not pushovers to raise and train. Many Boxers are passively stubborn and will brace their legs and refuse to do what you want them to do. Some want to be the boss and will make you prove that you can make them do things. You must show your Boxer, through absolute consistency, that you mean what you say. Read more about Boxer Training. Older Boxers can be quite mellow, but most young Boxers up to about two years old romp and jump and play with vigor, and things can go flying, including small children or infirm people. Potential dog aggression. Most Boxers are fine with other family pets, including the family cat. But many Boxers are dominant or aggressive toward strange dogs of the same sex, and a few Boxers view cats as prey. An expert researcher and author of 15 books about dogs, she loves helping people choose, train, and care for their dogs. To help you train and care for your dog Dog training videos. Sometimes it's easier to train your puppy or adult dog when you can see the correct training techniques in action. The problem is that most dog training videos on the internet are worthless, because they use the wrong training method. I recommend these dog training videos that are based on respect and leadership. Respect Training For Puppies: 30 seconds to a calm, polite, well-behaved puppy. For puppies 2 to 18 months old. Your puppy will learn the 21 skills that all family dogs need to know. If your dog is over 18 months, you'll want Respect Training For Adult Dogs: 30 seconds to a calm, polite, well-behaved dog. Again your dog will learn the 21 skills that all family dogs need to know. Teach Your Dog English Words is a unique Vocabulary and Respect Training Program that will teach your adult dog to listen to you and do what you say. Related posts you might enjoy.
German Shepherd Puppies are lovingly home raised and socialized at our modern 5 acre park like Kennel Facility in Florida Miami. These are just a few words that describe our German shepherds. Life with a German Shepherd is a joy that one must experience to appreciate and understand, and the intelligence of these great dogs must be seen to be believed. Petersburg Our dogs have provided countless individuals and families with a loyal pet that has a high aptitude, as well as the ability to provide protection. Each of the German shepherd puppies we have for sale are AKC registered and come from a superior lineage. Notably, our German Shepherds go through rigorous testing to qualify for breeding, as our dogs are bred with top sires that have at least a V or VA show rating. German Shepherds are well known for their character and temperament. Poised and confident, our pups are faithful and intelligent companions. They are also great protection dogs, as many safeguard homes, property or livestock. Our breeding program has earned the the highest level of accomplishments that a kennel in the United States can achieve. All of our German Shepherds come with a written guarantee and have been vet-checked, socialized, vaccinated to date, temperament-tested by a professional dog trainer, and above all, have been very much loved. Our German Shepherds are gorgeous Black and Red color, big boned, and correct structure. This price is determined by the size of the puppy, and includes the flight ticket, pre-flight vet exam, a crate the perfect size for your puppy, and travel to the airport. Every year we hand select dogs to add to our breeding program to improve the breed. Breeding top producing west German Sieger show Line German Shepherds is number one in producing quality German Shepherd puppies for sale. Being a German Shepherd dog breeder requires breeding high quality German Shepherds from some of the top rated German Shepherds in Germany They are superior in health with parents being x-rayed with clear hips and elbows by the OFA or the SV. These German shepherd litters of puppies for sale will make great companion dogs as well as excellent conformation, show and working dogs. Their inclination towards making their masters happy, their mental soundness and their high degree of intelligence have made this dog a successful working dog and masterpiece companion for their owners. Our breeding male shepherds are from top pedigrees. You can also visit us on our Facebook page to see recent news. Visit our website, at any moment you may feel you need more information than what we supply here feel free to Contact Us. Our main goal is to produce dogs that will become very special to you. Contact Us with any questions you have about our puppies or anything else. German shepherd with its puppies resting on green lawn Tags in St. Petersburg German Shepherd Puppies in St. Petersburg German Shepherd in St. Petersburg GSD in St. Petersburg German Shepherd Dogs in St. Petersburg German Shepherd Breeder in St. Petersburg Pure German Shepherd bloodlines in St. Petersburg German Shepherd studs in St. Petersburg German Shepherd Female in St. Petersburg German Shepherd dog trainer in St. Petersburg Healthy German Shepherd in St. Petersburg Working line German Shepherd breeder in St. Petersburg Long hair German Shepherd breeder in St. Petersburg Long coat German Shepherd breeder in St. Petersburg Plush coat German Shepherd breeder in St. Petersburg Site Links. Life Span Did You Know? The German Shepherd is one of the most versatile, well-recognized, and popular dog breeds in the world. The modern German Shepherd is descended from a family of various German herding dogs. Breed standards were not developed until the late 19th century when Captain Max von Stephanitz, a German cavalry officer, worked with Arthur Meyer and other breeders to develop the ideal German herding dog. Stephanitz and Meyer wrote the breed standard in and the American Kennel Club recognized the German Shepherd as a member of the Herding Group in .Although they were originally bred as herding dogs, they were also bred for versatility, which made the German Shepherd an all-around working dog that could excel in a variety of applications. German Shepherds are one of the common dog breeds employed in K-9 units in both police and military applications. They also make great service dogs and, of course, are still awesome herding dogs and farm dogs! The German Shepherd is a strong-willed and highly intelligent dog. They have a playful, energetic spirit and tend to get along with children, other dogs, and other pets, which makes them a great family companion. A born protector, the German Shepherd will provide a great sense of security for their family while their loving and lively personality will make them fit right in as a companion. German Shepherds are naturally protective and can be wary of strangers at first. A well-socialized German Shepherd will bark to alert you and tends to warm up to strangers once introduced. German Shepherds are dogs that were bred to herd and work. This, plus their high energy, makes them a better fit for homes with fenced yards where they can run. They can adapt well to larger apartments as long as plenty of time is dedicated to ensuring they get enough exercise, mental stimulation, and attention every day. A bored, ignored, or under-exercised German Shepherd can often become a destructive one. They also can be sensitive to their surroundings and large gatherings can be off-putting. With a longer coat, they tend to prefer cooler climates and are sensitive to heat. The German Shepherd is a generally healthy breed, but there are some potential health concerns and good breeding practices make a big difference. Potential health concerns to be aware of in a German Shepherd include hip dysplasia, elbow dysplasia , and degenerative myelopathy. Reputable breeders will screen their dogs to avoid passing preventable issues to puppies. So, make sure you are asking about the health and genetic history of both parents. You can also ask about any health tests or clearances that have been done. As a barrel-chested breed, the German Shepherd is also at risk for bloat. While the German Shepherd is highly intelligent and highly trainable, they are generally not recommended for novice owners. If you are a novice dog owner, enroll in puppy training classes or enlist the help of a professional dog trainer; not just for your dog, but for yourself as well. Training assistance will help you grow in experience and build a strong bond between you and your German Shepherd puppy, which is essential. Also, the GSD has a thirst for training and fulfillment. They get bored easily and especially with repetition, so continued training with your German Shepherd throughout their life will be necessary. German Shepherds have a medium-to-long double coat. They will shed year-round and heavier as seasons change. Brushing a few times a week is usually sufficient; brushing daily is even better and your GSD will likely love you for it. Bathing is occasional on an as-needed basis. Ear checks weekly with careful cleanings as needed can help prevent ear infections. German Shepherds are high-energy working dogs. Not only do they require a lot of daily activity, but they also are a herding breed that was made to run, guard, and observe, so they need a job to do to be happy and healthy. Daily walks plus playtime, time to run, and other activities are usually enough for a GSD, but they will likely be up for more activity if you are. With their versatility and athleticism, you can try a lot of different activities when puppies finish growing and they are cleared for higher-impact things. A fully-grown German Shepherd usually stands inches tall and weighs pounds. German Shepherds generally live for years on average. Corporal Duncan brought him back to the United States and Rin-Tin-Tin became one of the most famous dog actors in history. Featured German Shepherd Article. The breed is well proportioned and strong with a sturdy, muscular, slightly elongated body that has a light but solid bone structure. The head should be in proportion to its body and have a little bit of a rounded forehead. The nose is most often black, but blue or liver colors still do sometimes occur. The teeth should meet in a scissors bite. Its eyes are dark and almond-shaped but never protruding. The ears are wide at its base, pointed, upright, and turned forward. However, it is natural for German Shepherd puppies under about six months to have ears that droop slightly. It also has a bushy tail that reaches below the hocks and hangs down when resting. There are three varieties of the German Shepherd: double coat, plush coat, and longhaired coat. It has a double coat made-up of a thick undercoat and dense, slightly wavy or straight outer coat. Most German Shepherd dogs have tan and black or red and black hair, medium in length and tend to shed all year round. There are some other, more rare color variations such as solid black, solid white, liver and blue. The white coat version is recognized as a separate breed by some breed clubs and is called the American White Shepherd. A piebald color has also occurred and is now being called a Panda Shepherd. Discover more about our German Shepherd puppies for sale below! Disposition The German Shepherd is an intelligent and versatile breed. The breed requires an active lifestyle and makes for an ideal companion, protector, and guard dog. Very devoted to its family and home and usually maintains a suspicious demeanor around strangers. German Shepherds can be dominating and assertive towards other dogs, though normally friendly with other pets in the home. Therefore, it is important to begin training your dog beginning as a puppy in order to avoid negative behaviors later. Exercise This breed is very active and athletic. It requires a lot of physical and mental exercise. Without the proper amount of exercise, it can become frustrated and develop negative behaviors. Participating in canine activities such as agility, herding, tracking, and diving is great exercise and fun for the dog. Training Puppy socialization and training are critical, as well as continuing obedience training to ensure the puppy will become a well-mannered adult. The German Shepherd is a highly intelligent companion and extraordinary worker. Use consistent and positive reward-based training for best results. Grooming The German Shepherd sheds regularly and is a heavy seasonal shedder. As a result, it is best to brush them daily. You only need to bathe them when necessary, however, as over bathing can cause skin irritation from removal of oil on their skin. Check their ears and trim their claws regularly. Origin The German Shepherd Dog originated in Karlsruhe, Germany from longhaired, shorthaired, and wire-haired local herding and farm dogs in the mids. Its now famous qualities of intelligence, agility, speed, stealth, and courage were developed not in a police or military academy but in the sheep pastures of s Germany. The breed gained popularity in the United States during the early s due to the canine movie stars Rin-Tin-Tin and Strongheart. Unfortunately, because it is among the German breeds including the Dachshund it suffered a decline in popularity due to anti-German sentiment during and after both world wars. However, due to the rise of modern livestock management and the decline of herding as a dog occupation, von Stephanitz promoted his breed as an ideal K-9 worker and today is therefore the preferred breed for police and military units all over the world. See store for details on this particular puppy. American Canine Association. We are committed to utilizing world class, imported German Shepherd dogs from top producing West German Shepherd lines. GSD puppies are a great addition to family homes as well as excellent dogs for a variety of jobs. Because of their intelligence and quick-learning abilities, this breed has long been used for a range of tasks from herding to home protection. German Shepherds are one of the most popular breeds in the country and our dogs are the cream of the crop. At four weeks, we introduce all pups to the outdoors, and at six weeks, we start all puppies on the NuVet supplement, building a foundation for a strong, long healthy life. How are your GSD puppies raised and when can I take my puppy home? Our puppies receive top-quality care from the moment they are born. The Mom dog and her puppies have private whelping rooms away from the hustle and bustle of the rest of the kennel. Starting at 3 days of life, each puppy is exposed to Early Neurological Stimulation. ENS is a set of short exercises which serve to stimulate the neurological system in a young puppy and has been proven to strengthen the heart, increase resistance to diseases, and produce greater tolerance of stress. As the puppies become older they are introduced to more and more new things around the kennel and are socialized with many people, young and old. Puppies can go to their new homes at 8 weeks. Give us your preferred puppy specifications and expectations and we will do our best to surpass them Breeding purebred West German Showline German Shepherds are our passion. If you share our passion and is looking for a German Shepherd breeder that specializes in providing the highest quality show dogs, protection dogs, working dogs, or family companions, your search just ended. All of our puppies have plenty of wide open spaces to get all of the physical exercise their growing bodies need. We show and work with our dogs and try to improve the German Shepherd breed We follow strict German guidelines and health testing SV Our puppies are raised at home and are well socialized. We try to housebreak puppies as well before their new homes Roche's Pedigree German Shepherds is located within Chicago Illinois area. They are black and red in color. We breed dogs that pass hips and elbows evaluation, and have earned their schutzhund titles. We strive to breed healthy dogs with best bloodlines in mind. For more information, please contact Jeff Roche at or simply fill out a very brief form below. Thank you for your interest in Roche's Pedigree German Shepherds and we look forward to hearing from you. Please, call ahead to schedule your visit. Appointment is not warrantees the sale. We have a right to sell the dog at any time.
History Where are German Shepherd Dogs from? Perhaps never in the history of any breed has such concerted effort been put into improving a dog, mostly due to the formation in of the Verein fur Deutsche Scharferhunde SV, an organization in Germany devoted to overseeing the breeding of the German Shepherd. Breeders sought to develop not only a herding dog but also one that could excel at jobs requiring courage, athleticism, and intelligence. During World War I, they were the obvious choice for a war sentry. The Wolfdog was later dropped as it caused many people to fear the dogs. How big do German Shepherd Dogs get? The double-coat, with a thick undercoat that sheds twice annually, loses hair continuously but can be maintained with regular brushing one or two times weekly. What are the German Shepherd Dog colors? Black, tan, solid black and solid sable. How long do German Shepherd Dogs live? Lifespan: 10—12 years What are some German Shepherd Dogs facts and information? The German Shepherd held the number one spot in American popularity for many years. Although presently it has dropped from the top spot, the German Shepherd remains as one of the most versatile dogs ever created, serving as a police dog, war dog, guide dog, search-and-rescue dog, narcotics- or explosives-detecting dog, show dog, pet—and even shepherd. Related Content. Life Span Did You Know? The German Shepherd is one of the most versatile, well-recognized, and popular dog breeds in the world. The modern German Shepherd is descended from a family of various German herding dogs. Breed standards were not developed until the late 19th century when Captain Max von Stephanitz, a German cavalry officer, worked with Arthur Meyer and other breeders to develop the ideal German herding dog. Stephanitz and Meyer wrote the breed standard in and the American Kennel Club recognized the German Shepherd as a member of the Herding Group in .Although they were originally bred as herding dogs, they were also bred for versatility, which made the German Shepherd an all-around working dog that could excel in a variety of applications. German Shepherds are one of the common dog breeds employed in K-9 units in both police and military applications. They also make great service dogs and, of course, are still awesome herding dogs and farm dogs! The German Shepherd is a strong-willed and highly intelligent dog. They have a playful, energetic spirit and tend to get along with children, other dogs, and other pets, which makes them a great family companion. A born protector, the German Shepherd will provide a great sense of security for their family while their loving and lively personality will make them fit right in as a companion. German Shepherds are naturally protective and can be wary of strangers at first. A well-socialized German Shepherd will bark to alert you and tends to warm up to strangers once introduced. German Shepherds are dogs that were bred to herd and work. This, plus their high energy, makes them a better fit for homes with fenced yards where they can run. They can adapt well to larger apartments as long as plenty of time is dedicated to ensuring they get enough exercise, mental stimulation, and attention every day. A bored, ignored, or under-exercised German Shepherd can often become a destructive one. They also can be sensitive to their surroundings and large gatherings can be off-putting. With a longer coat, they tend to prefer cooler climates and are sensitive to heat. The German Shepherd is a generally healthy breed, but there are some potential health concerns and good breeding practices make a big difference. Potential health concerns to be aware of in a German Shepherd include hip dysplasia, elbow dysplasia , and degenerative myelopathy. Reputable breeders will screen their dogs to avoid passing preventable issues to puppies. So, make sure you are asking about the health and genetic history of both parents. You can also ask about any health tests or clearances that have been done. As a barrel-chested breed, the German Shepherd is also at risk for bloat. While the German Shepherd is highly intelligent and highly trainable, they are generally not recommended for novice owners. If you are a novice dog owner, enroll in puppy training classes or enlist the help of a professional dog trainer; not just for your dog, but for yourself as well. Training assistance will help you grow in experience and build a strong bond between you and your German Shepherd puppy, which is essential. Also, the GSD has a thirst for training and fulfillment. They get bored easily and especially with repetition, so continued training with your German Shepherd throughout their life will be necessary. German Shepherds have a medium-to-long double coat. They will shed year-round and heavier as seasons change. Brushing a few times a week is usually sufficient; brushing daily is even better and your GSD will likely love you for it. Bathing is occasional on an as-needed basis. Ear checks weekly with careful cleanings as needed can help prevent ear infections. German Shepherds are high-energy working dogs. Not only do they require a lot of daily activity, but they also are a herding breed that was made to run, guard, and observe, so they need a job to do to be happy and healthy. Daily walks plus playtime, time to run, and other activities are usually enough for a GSD, but they will likely be up for more activity if you are. With their versatility and athleticism, you can try a lot of different activities when puppies finish growing and they are cleared for higher-impact things. A fully-grown German Shepherd usually stands inches tall and weighs pounds. German Shepherds generally live for years on average. Corporal Duncan brought him back to the United States and Rin-Tin-Tin became one of the most famous dog actors in history. Featured German Shepherd Article.
Use tab to navigate through the menu items. It will be easier for you to come to meet and pick up the puppies in Southern California, rather than having to drive to our primary location in Newcastle. The dam and sire of this litter are our own adults in the breeding program, but are being hosted by a very caring, nurturing and experienced dog family. We work hand in hand to assure the puppies are cared for and socialized in the way our customers have come to recognize as the "best. If puppies stay for extended training, that is done at our Newcastle, CA. Below you can read more about the upcoming puppies and their loving host. If you would like to be included on the reservation list for the puppies, in our SoCal location, do not hesitate to contact us. We would love to welcome you to the CHGR family! Southern California is expected to have a litter due in December, .Puppies will go to their new homes in mid to late February. Place your reservation now as spots fill up very quickly! What a wonderful girl she is! We love Lexi and her pups, as she passes along her incredibly sweet temperament to all of her fur babies. She is beyond sweet and loves to lay her head on your lap, foot, or wherever she can to get close to everyone she meets. Incredibly smart, she loves to perform her skills, especially for treats! Lexi loves to play ball and adores people, especially children. Lexi loves to play with other dogs and also loves to sleep with the cat. She has a beautiful cream coat between a silky and cotton texture and is one of our larger girls, at a little over 75 pounds. To ensure the safety of our readers and the right fit for a new pet, we work hard to make sure only the most trusted breeders are featured on the site. We have a dedicated team that works hard and has done extensive research that involves checking both the breeder and their dogs, to verify that the breeders featured on our site are highly reputable and trustworthy. Feedback on Google and Facebook is also taken into consideration before they are listed as a breeder to have the highest standards possible. We hope that this gives you a little more information about how we list breeders on our site. Golden Retriever Puppies for Sale in California: Golden Retrievers are a hugely popular breed worldwide, thanks to their reputation as loyal pets and good hunting dogs. However, with so many breeders to choose from, it can be hard to decide which one is the best fit for you and your family. California is a great state to get a Golden Retriever, and there are plenty of reputable and ethical breeders to choose from. I have compiled a list of the top 14 Golden Retriever breeders in California, based on their breeding history, customer reviews, and service quality. Most of these breeders are hobbyists who breed for love, not money. With this list, you should be able to find the perfect Golden Retriever for your family. They are located in Southern California and they pride themselves on being an ethical breeder of quality Golden Retriever dogs. They source their breeding stock from all over the USA and Europe. This allows them to get the best genetics possible and produce healthy offspring. They want all of their puppies to go to good homes where they will be loved as family members. Additionally, all puppies are sold with limited registration. This means that the new family will not be able to breed their dog. The breeder only wants their puppies to go to homes where they will be treated as family dogs and not used for breeding purposes. The pups come microchipped, vets checked, dewormed, and doggy door trained. They also come with a 1-year health guarantee. Golden Retriever Breeder Info:.
Wynstream Royal Stewart. Wynstream Careless Whispers ai "Macca" Ch. Wynstream Overseer ai I have been breeding and showing Labrador Retrievers for over 30yrs. At Wynstream we aim to breed quality puppies for pet, show or trial with true Labrador temperament. The climate here in Tasmania is moderate and most enjoyable, so my dogs always have beautiful coats. At Wynstream no expense is spared in providing my Labradors with the best Veterinary care and diet of Royal Canin. I only keep a small number of dogs and only breed a litter when I want to keep something for myself, therefore only have 1 or 2 litters a year. All puppies are raised in a family environment and are well-socialised. Frequently my dogs visit the Nursing Home where I work and they enjoy the company of the residents and this enjoyment is reciprocated. All breeding stock hold certificates for hereditary defects. I am a member of the Tasmania Canine Association Inc. Visit my Web Site to see what is new. Silver GCh. Wynstream Diamonds N Pearls. From time to time I have older dogs available for forever homes. Advice before making contact Tips and advice when contacting a breeder While we make every effort to ensure that the breeders listed on Perfect Pets are registered, responsible, and maintain high ethical standards, please take 5 minutes to read the advice below and also see our detailed information on finding a reputable breeder. Our recommendation is that you purchase pets locally and in person. For many reasons, it is always preferable that you meet and get to know the breeder and vice versa. While many reputable breeders send animals interstate safely and without issue, we do not encourage this. When you contact a breeder, keep in mind that responsible breeders will want some information about things like - the type of home you will offer, how much time you have for your new pet, if you have experience with the breed and if not, if you've researched the breed. Responsible breeders don't want to receive emails and messages that simply ask 'how much for a puppy? Please make sure the breed you are interested in suits your family and lifestyle, and that you can give it the type of home it needs to be happy. Above all - use common sense and don't be impulsive. Please ask the breeder these important questions: 1. Can you meet the mother and father, and how old are they? Have the mother and father had any health issues? What health checks and tests were done on the parents and grandparents, are they appropriate for the breed, and can this be verified with documentation? Specifically, what vaccines have been given? Are they microchipped and registered? Have they been treated for parasites fleas and worms , and what treatments were used? Have they been checked by a vet, and is there evidence of this? How much socialisation has the puppy or kitten had? If answered positively and appropriately the answers to these questions should reassure you that the puppy or kitten you're interested in will grow to be a happy healthy animal. Please note that information regarding breed specific health checks can at times be difficult to understand and interpret. Common genetic disorders are a serious and growing concern. It's not a bad idea to write down the information you've been given and seek advice from your vet for confirmation. Breed clubs are also great sources of information on health testing. A responsible and caring breeder will also want to make sure you are going to provide a loving and safe forever home, and will ask you lots of questions. They will also provide extensive advice regarding feeding, health, ongoing socialisation, and the long term needs of your pet. Please note that because Perfect Pets cannot be directly involved in interactions we cannot accept responsibility for any agreement entered into by a breeder and a pet buyer. Please follow the advice provided. Perfect Pets has no powers of enforcement and cannot guarantee the reputation of any breeder, or the soundness or suitability of the pet you choose. You must satisfy yourself that any pet you decide on is fit and healthy, and will fit with your family and lifestyle.
Why Is My Dog Shaking? Dogs are known for their loyalty and companionship, but when they start shaking, it can be a cause for concern for pet owners. Shaking in dogs can be a sign of various issues, from dog anxiety and dog fear to dog medical conditions. In this blog post, we will explore the common causes of a dog shaking and what pet owners can do to identify and treat the problem. We will also offer tips for preventing dog shaking and ensuring.By doing regular grooming at home, you can help your dog look its best between visits to the groomer. You also get to bond more closely and build stronger trust with your dog. Routine grooming sessions will keep your dog clean and feeling fresh, but it will also.Their personality is lively, their nature fun-loving, and their disposition affectionate. As even-tempered, sweet, and playful dogs, Pugs make wonderful playmates for kids of all ages and lovely companion pets for couples, singles, and seniors. These little joy bringers love to cuddle and are generous with their Pug love. When it comes to their family, Pugs attach like magnets. They are known to happily shadow their humans in every activity and are just as happy lazing on the couch all day as they are going for a long evening stroll around the neighborhood. It has some of the most reputed pug breeders and organizations that promote the general welfare of pugs. The Mini Mastiff or the Chinese pug is the most popular in the state and some of them are looking for adoptive homes. North Carolina has implemented a strict policy when it comes to pug adoptions. These programs are required by the state to conduct vet checks, home checks, and phone interviews. If you are looking to adopt a pug in this state, you need to be prepared and your documents well-prepared. This is a non-profit organization that is laser-focused on rescuing pugs abandoned by their owners or who were rescued from puppy mills. This non-profit organization operates in several other states as well. It is composed of dedicated volunteers who spend their time rescuing pugs in different situations. Most of the pugs will have health challenges and some can be severe. The organization works to nurse these rescued pug puppies and adult pugs back to their optimal health. PRONC does an outstanding job of making sure the puppies are checked for heartworms and other parasites. If you are serious about adopting a pug or pug puppies, you can begin your application process by visiting their website at www. You can also help by making donations to this charity or if you have the time, be a volunteer. But if you are decided on getting a puppy, you can check out posts about Pugs for Sale NC. They are generally peace-loving, which is admired by many breeders. There are many ways and avenues you can get pug puppies for sale in North Carolina. You can begin your search here with Local Puppy Breeders, Breeder. You can list down the address and the contact information of these shelters and schedule a visit. You can check this list of breeders who consistently post Pugs for Sale in North Carolina postings locally and online. They have been a pug breeder since they year of .Their house has committed to selling family-raised pugs that have produced strong, healthy pug puppies released to their new pet parents. She runs the Shelter and the website called Honey Pugs. She is passionate about raising pugs that are trained to participate in the annual show ring. Watch out for their listings of pure-blooded pug puppies and AKC registered pug puppies. You have options to choose from as they have male fawn pug puppy, Black and Brindle Frenchie, Black, and Apricots. Make sure to specify if you are looking for female pug puppies or would take any pug pups available. They are located in the Asheboro region of North Carolina. Each puppy released are vet-checked, dewormed, and has received the initial set of vaccination. You can reach out to them through their website and their social media channels. They are hobby breeders but they have been breeding pugs for more than 31 years, with AKC registration. Who knows, they might have a healthy pug puppy that is vet checked and raised well. If you get a hold of any of these pug breeders with pug puppies for sale, make sure to always ask for a health guarantee. Crucial Months When it comes to a pug puppy, legit pug breeders know that the first six months are the most crucial months. These are also the months you want them vet-checked. Keep in mind that the windpipes of pug puppies are delicate. It is best to use a harness instead of a collar for their protection. Take your puppy out every 4 hours as part of its potty training. Watch out for the amount of food they are eating. Pugs are susceptible to obesity. They may feel they are already full but they will keep eating if they see food! Take note of the calories in their snacks and make sure they get not more than what they need. Grooming If you are committed to owning a pug, you have to be ready to give them regular grooming. Adult pugs and pug puppies have double coats that will shed all throughout the year. To give this some sort of control, you need to give them a bath at least once a month and make sure to brush their coat at least once a week. You need to make this more frequent if you want more control in their shedding. You also need to pay attention to the folds in and around their black masks. These are the perfect spots for bacteria to hide and cause an infection later. Clean the folds at least once a week. Vet Care Vet Care does not end in giving the puppy its first shots. A responsible pet parent will have the vet check their pug puppies regularly. Even if your purchase comes with a health guarantee, you are still responsible to make sure that the dogs are professionally vet-checked and their health is professionally monitored. Keep their health certificate updated just like any family member. Maintain their puppy shots required each year. Conclusion Getting a pug is one of the most rewarding decisions you will ever make, especially if you will raise them as pug puppies. You have a companion who will be there with you through the toughest times. Pugs, whether male fawn pug puppy or female pug puppy, will make sure you notice them and will go out of their way to capture your attention. Check out how the pug tail wags when it is excited or when it feels insecure. Be ready for their funny ways just to spend some time with you! Here are some of the other topics we have created to help you search pugs for sale by location. Our staff are avid fans and dedicated owners of Pugs. We hope to answer all the questions you have about Pugs. Just read and enjoy. Feel free to share if you find it valuable to others! Best regards, Need Prayer? We have compiled a directory of North Carolina Pug Puppies for Sale listings from breeders, rescues, and shelters that will help you find the cutest Pug Puppy for Sale or Adoptable Dog without paying much. These small, compact dogs are incredibly cute and have a cheerful, friendly personality. Pugs are also relatively easy to care for and have a relatively long lifespan for a small breed dog. However, before you adopt a pug, you should know a few things about this breed. Pugs have a long and fascinating history. They are descended from ancient Chinese toy dogs and were once popular among upper-class Europeans. Pugs are known for their loving, affectionate personalities. They bond closely with their owner and love spending time with people. Pugs are also relatively easy to train and generally good with children. However, pugs can sometimes be a bit stubborn, and they do snore quite loudly! Pugs typically have a lifespan of between 12 and 15 years. Teacup Puppies for Sale in Burlington, North Carolina We promote adoption and rescue versus paying too much from a breeder or pet store. We are not associated with any listed organizations, so please research. Please consider adopting or rescuing your next pet from the many North Carolina non-profit organizations below. These listings are for information purposes only, and we are not affiliated with anyone listed. Ready now for a good, new home. Once the companions of Chinese royalty, their distinct faces are complemented by sweet demeanors. Pugs for adoption in the Raleigh, North Carolina area come with a year health guarantee. Prices for Pug puppies for sale in Fayetteville, NC vary by breeder and individual puppy. Click Puppy Picture to see more information and Price. Pug puppies for sale in North Carolina from trusted breeders. Please contact us at fcynfoust aol. You can begin your search here with Local Puppy Breeders, Breeder. It has some of the most reputed pug breeders and. Our work is driven by a core group of idealistic individuals who realize the power to effect change comes from their tireless efforts. The state of North Carolina is well represented in the world of pug puppies and the pug owners. This money is to hold your new Carolina Pug. Male and female pug puppies. Raleigh, NC .Your new pup will have all their scheduled de-wormings and 1st set of shots by the time you arrive. Friendly, affectionate and intelligent micro PUG puppies. Pawsitively Pugs Rescue is dedicated to the rescue, care, and placement of unwanted, abandoned, neglected and abused pugs, giving each a second chance at a loving and caring. Find Pug breeders with puppies for sale near Wilmington. Home Dog breeds States Blog Contact. Pricing is between and per puppy. Pugs for adoption in the Greensboro, North Carolina area come with a year health guarantee. We've connected loving homes to reputable breeders since and we want to help you find the puppy your whole family will love. Join millions of people using Oodle to find puppies for adoption, dog and puppy listings, and other pets adoption. Pug puppies for sale in Raleigh, NC from trusted breeders. We have a litter of Pug Puppies ready for there new homes. Pug Puppies for sale! These make great family pets and are good with children. Pawsitively Pugs Rescue is a North Carolina based c 3 non-profit organization. Pugs are true joy bringers from the moment they are born. A full-grown Pug will usually stand 10 to 11 inches tall at the shoulders and weigh between 14 and 18 pounds. Find Pug puppies for saleNear North Carolina. Don't miss what's happening in your neighborhood. Males and females Very healthy and playfu. Pug puppies for sale in Fayetteville, NC from trusted breeders. Pugs for adoption in the Charlotte, North Carolina area come with a year health guarantee. Legacy pug puppies in North Carolina and South Carolina are typically fawn with black masks. Pug Rescue of North Carolina Inc. Pugs for Sale in Wilmington, NC. Teacup Pug Puppies 4 Sale Home. Each litter is raised in the house and given lots of love and care. This purebred fawn pug cutie is ready to move to your family now! Here at Jewalsjems Pugs we take great pr. The Mini Mastiff or the Chinese pug is the most popular in the state and some of them are looking for adoptive homes. Pug, North Carolina » Asheville Premium. Pug puppies for sale in Winston. This money is to hold your new Carolina Pug puppy until 8 - 10 weeks of age. North Carolina. Cause For Paws of NC. Our pugs are part of our family and raised to be important members of your family. Pug puppies for sale in Fayetteville, NC from trusted. We love raising pug puppies, they are well socialized and raised indoors. For out-of-state customers, we have nationwide delivery options tailored to every need. History: The Pug is one of the oldest breeds of dogs that is still around today. Because all breeding programs are different, you may find dogs for sale outside that price range. You've come to the right place. Before owning one of our quality pups, there is a non-refundable deposit of .Find Pug breeders in North Carolina near you with puppies for sale. We do not let our Pug pups leave before the eight week period for good reason. Their curly tails and big adoring eyes make each day an adventure. Over the many years, many of our new pug owners are kind enough to stay in contact with us and send pictures of their cherished new family members. Z intelligent pug puppies. Pug For Sale in Raleigh .Our pug puppies come vet checked, first set of shots, dewormed and full AKC paperwork. Pug For Sale in North Carolina .Make sure you check with your vet first before jumping into dog sports with your dog. Legacy Pugs in South Carolina raises our dogs in a healthy, family environment. Save this search and we'll notify you when they are. Pug, North Carolina ». Also, be sure to check the Pug Dog Breeder listings in our. Pug puppy for sale in North Carolina. Browse thru our ID Verified puppy for sale listings to find your perfect puppy in your area. Pugs for Sale in Asheville, NC. If you are looking for a pug in North Carolina or South Carolina call or text us at .Prices for Pug puppies for sale in Charlotte, NC vary by breeder and individual puppy. Find your Pug puppy for sale in North Carolina. Pug Puppies available occasionally. Pugs for Sale in Charlotte. Jewalsjems Pugs, Wingate, North Carolina. Angier, NC .She has been breeding pugs for over 25 years, only. Pug puppies for sale in Wilmington, NC from trusted breeders. The Pug was a popular pet of the Buddhist monasteries in Tibet. How much do Pug puppies cost in Asheville, NC? Prices for Pug puppies for sale in Asheville, NC vary by breeder and individual puppy. Size: inches tall, lbs. Are you looking for a Teacup Pug Puppies for Sale then without any delay, visit and purchase your fa. They are quite friendly, and nothing can stand in. Find your Pug puppy for sale in North Carolina Puppies. Small hobby breeder with over 37 years breeding experience. Email: careteam cfp-nc. Providing top quality healthy pugs with great temperaments. North Carolina Pug Rescue. Champion bloodlines on the sire side. Friendly, affectionate and intelligent micro PUG. This dog breed generally lives for years. It has some of the most reputed pug breeders and organizations that promote the general welfare of pugs. Occasionally, we will produce a solid black puppy. Pug Rescue of North Carolina inc. We have a knack for finding only the very best pug bloodlines by very thorough research and evaluation of pug markings, previous health history, past ancestry, and many other factors in order to pick only. Pug puppies for sale in Asheville, NC from trusted breeders. There are many ways and avenues you can get pug puppies for sale in North Carolina. Despite their tiny size, they have the biggest hearts. Select from the highest-rated breeders in the state. Up to date with shots and more. Most researchers agree that the Pug originated in China, and were then brought to Holland via trade during the late s and. Pugs for Sale in Hendersonville, NC. Should be about lbs when full-grown. Most Popular Pug Puppy for Sale Names for We've compiled the top 20 male and female Pug names for after analyzing Pug puppies for sale. If you are unable to find your Pug puppy in our Puppy for Sale or Dog for Sale sections, please consider looking thru thousands of Pug Dogs for Adoption. We've connected loving homes to reputable breeders since and we want to help you find. Pug Puppies for Sale in North Carolina. They are AKC registered, male and female puppies ready now for sale. Cary Cheap Pugs For Sale. Join millions of people using Oodle to find puppies for adoption, dog and puppy listings, and other pets adoption. Find your puppy for sale in Raleigh, NC. We do not give or sell breeding rights to anyone who purchases a Carolina Pug. Pugs for adoption in the Raleigh, North Carolina area come with a year health guarantee. Well socialized potty trained puppies available. This money is to hold your new Carolina Pug puppy until 8 - 10 weeks of age. Pug puppies for sale, Pug puppies. Our focus is improving the overall quality of our Pugs. Find your Pug puppy for sale in Raleigh, NC. You can list down the address and the. For more information or to schedule an appointment to see the current puppies available, give us a call today at. Pekingeses for Sale in Raleigh. Garner Free Pug Puppies. Find your puppy for sale in Raleigh, NC Puppies. Pug puppies for sale Find Pug breeders with puppies for sale near Raleigh Pug breeders directory Enter your 5-digit U. Pug For Sale in North Carolina .Raleigh, NC. Pug puppies for sale in Raleigh, NC from trusted breeders. Dog Group: Toy. Shots and worming up to date delivery possible with delivery fee. We are trying to find the perfect home for him and are excited for anyone who… View Details. Pug Puppies available occasionally. Because all breeding programs are different, you may find dogs for sale outside that price range. Size: inches tall, lbs. Pugs for Sale in North Carolina. Pugs near by Raleigh. North Carolina Pug Rescue. It has some of the most reputed pug breeders and organizations that promote the. Pawsitively Pugs Rescue is dedicated to the rescue, care, and placement of unwanted, abandoned, neglected and abused pugs, giving each a second chance at a loving and caring forever home. Once the companions of Chinese royalty, their distinct faces are complemented by sweet demeanors. Transportation to Raleigh, NC available. Find Pug breeders with puppies for sale near Raleigh. Vistors are allowed at 6 weeks after first parvo shot. Before owning one of our quality pups, They are raised in our home with our kids. North Carolina Pug Classifieds Hoobly. ZIP or Canadian postal code in the box below and then. Dogs in Raleigh North Carolina. Each puppy will come with all shots and vaccines upto date, AKC papers and 1 year free health guarantee. Don't miss what's happening in your neighborhood. PPR accepts pugs regardless of their age, temperament or medical condition. Pug For Sale in Raleigh .There are many ways and avenues you can get pug puppies for sale in North Carolina. For out-of-state customers, we have nationwide delivery options tailored to every need. We strive to produce very adorable pups that will. All Dogs near Raleigh, North Carolina. History: The Pug is one of the oldest breeds of dogs that is still around today. Should be about lbs when full-grown. You can begin your search here with Local Puppy Breeders, Breeder. PuppySpot has Pug breeders across the United States with puppies ready to ship to you. For out-of-state customers, we have nationwide delivery options tailored to. Pugs are true joy bringers from the moment they are born. Puppies for Sale. Pug Puppies in Pennsylvania. All puppies found here are from AKC-Registered parents. They are raised in our home with. The puppies range in price from to .Pug Puppies For Sale. Beautiful, healthy Puppies for Sale. Pug Rescue of North Carolina Inc. We now have designer hybrid puppies available including PomaPoos and Shih Poos! If you can provide a loving home and a good environment for one of our special pups, and you know the commitment and responsibility required to own a pet, please contact us. Find Pug Puppies and Breeders in your area and helpful Pug information. Our goal is to produce healthy Pug puppies for sale with well rounded out going personalities. Raleigh, NC change. The state of North Carolina is well represented in the world of pug puppies and the pug owners. Find Pug puppies for sale Near Raleigh, NC Smart and playful with a short muzzle and expressive eyes, the Pug's low-key lifestyle makes them perfect city dogs. Browse thru our ID Verified puppy for sale listings to find your perfect puppy in your area. Find Pug dogs and puppies from North Carolina breeders. Small hobby breeder with over 37 years breeding experience. Teacup Puppies for Sale in North Carolina. Breed Frenchie Pug. Find a Pug puppy from reputable breeders near you in Raleigh, NC. Pug puppy for sale in Raleigh, NC. Puppies and Parents Welcome to visit anytme. Pug puppies for sale Select a Breed. We invest a great amount of time and research into developing a healthy and stable companion for your whole. Showing 1 - 19 of 24, results. Healthy Pug Puppies. Summerfield, NC view our pets cathleen pugrescuenc. Morrisville Pug Puppies For Sale. We've connected loving homes to reputable breeders since and we want to help you find the puppy your whole family will love. Search Location: Raleigh, NC change. Pug puppies for sale in North Carolina from trusted breeders. Learn more puppies available certified breeders Transportation Location Color. Pug, North Carolina » Raleigh. Find a Pug for adoption at dog rescues or shelters near Raleigh. Discreet Pug Puppies for sale. Despite their tiny size, they have the biggest hearts. Until Every Pug Has a Home. We are a new, small breeder in beautiful Greenville, South Carolina specialized in the Pug breed. How much do Pug puppies cost in Raleigh, NC? Prices for Pug puppies for sale in Raleigh, NC vary by breeder and individual puppy. They will have all shots, vet examination. My Favorites Puppies for Sale Find the perfect puppy for you and your family. Find Pug puppies for sale Near North Carolina Smart and playful with a short muzzle and expressive eyes, the Pug's low-key lifestyle makes them perfect city dogs. Save this search and we'll notify you when they are. We want to breed the best Pugs in the world, and most important, want to make sure our dogs go to great homes with loving families. We strive to produce very adorable pups that will bring many years of joy and happiness to your family. Find the perfect puppy for you and your family.
View All Articles in Ear Health .Grooming Table A good grooming table will take your home grooming salon to another level. The dog grooming arm attached to the table will keep your pup safe and still, so you can focus on the grooming. You can either build a DIY grooming table or buy a great dog grooming table. Firstly, all Doodles are prone to matting. So naturally, brushing will help prevent any knots and tangles before they even get to form into mats. Also, every now and then or every day! Or when they get smelly… Here you can learn all of our best Doodle bathing tips and tricks. This should be done weekly, or in some cases, every days. Make sure to check out our ultimate dog nail trimming guide. In addition, trim their inner ear hair to avoid dirt and bacteria getting trapped. This will prevent bad smell and discoloration around the eyes. As all dogs are unique, there is no one-size-fits-all rule. For instance, how frequently you bathe your Bernedoodle depends on their activity levels, skin conditions, coat type, and hair length. Some dogs may need baths every week, while some require bathing only before hair trimming. The best way to deal with matting is to prevent it. Luckily, you have the option to choose from a variety of cute Bernedoodle grooming styles. The sooner you introduce your Bernedoodle puppy to grooming, the easier it is for your pup to get used to it. Are Bernedoodles High Maintenance? Bernedoodles and other Doodles might seem high maintenance to some. Doodles need regular brushing and haircuts to keep that coat looking gorgeous. The best tip is to brush your Bernedoodle daily to maintain a beautiful coat without too much effort. If you decide to groom at home, you will have to factor in the cost of all the grooming tools. High-quality Bernedoodle grooming tools usually last longer. Why is My Bernedoodle Shedding? If your Bernedoodle is shedding, we recommend you brush them daily to remove the loose hair from the coat. Let us know in the comments! Take matters into your own hands and learn to give your Doodle the exact haircut YOU want with this valuable online course! Learn More The information on this page is for informational purposes only. It is not intended to be a substitute for professional groomer advice. Always seek the advice of your groomer, veterinarian, or other qualified animal health provider with any questions you may have. You Might Also Like. The chest and tummy area. I would use these, as they have rounded tips for extra safety. Let it sit, and then brush or comb it out. Let it sit for a bit. Then, carefully start to break apart the tangle with your comb. GloCoat Pet Conditioner and Detangler is one of the best! Every doodle owners should have this on hand. This instant coat conditioner quickly penetrates mats and tangles for faster comb-outs. For tougher mats, some people swear by using a plastic letter opener. That stinks no pun intended because the whole point of bathing your dog is to get them clean and smelling good. A person takes their beloved doodle to the groomer for the first time and he or she comes back unrecognizable. The first thing I would recommend to is to find a great groomer. Ask your friends and family, post the question on Facebook, or check Yelp reviews. Find a groomer who is kind, caring, understanding, professional, and communicative. Try a new place until you feel comfortable! Many doodles are cut with the puppy cut, lamb cut, teddy bear cut, or lion cut, but even those terms can mean different things to different groomers. We recommend you bringing lots of photos of bernedoodle hair cuts you like to your groomer and communicating very clearly what you want. The Facebook Bernedoodle groups I recommend here scroll down to the bottom of the page , are a great place to get ideas and ask questions. A note about shaving your Doodle: I personally never shave my dogs. I request that the groomer use one to two levels up from that on the clippers. I understand that some people live in very hot, dry, or humid climates and believe their dog is much cooler with a shaved coat, or they like the look of it shaved. Research has shown that shaving a dog during the summer may not actually keep them cool. Their coat is designed to keep them cooler and protects their skin from sun burn. By shaving your pet you usually interfere with this built-in temperature regulation. In the winter, this keeps the cold out and holds the heat in. During the summer, this system holds the heat at bay and helps your dog regulate his body temperature. Without this insulating layer of hair, he is susceptible to heat stroke. When humans are overly warm, our skin perspires and the evaporation of the perspiration helps us to cool down. We have the advantage of perspiring skin over our entire body. In dogs, this evaporative cooling is limited to a very small area—the footpads, which sweat, and the lungs, where panting allows for latent heat to be removed through evaporation. Shaving the coat will have no effect on these areas. At the end of the day, you have to do what you and your vet think is best for your dog. I have personally found that shaving changes the coat texture and it can become more coarse…or that, a dog who was once nice and wavy can become curlier, or vice versa. If so, please hit the like or share button below! It is important to remember that the curlier the coat is, the more you will need to groom it. Straighter hair will not matt as quickly, but brushing often will keep the shedding under control. You will want a slicker brush for all coat types and short to medium-length hair. You will want to get a wide and fine-tooth comb for longer coats. Use the wide-tooth comb first to break up any mats that might be forming, then the fine-tooth comb for an evening out and detangling more minor knots. A de-matting brush on hand will help if your dog goes too long between brushes. These brushes are gentler than brushes because a brush will tug at a mat and pull the skin in return. When breaking up mats, always start at the ends with your de-matting brush and work your way to the skin. Brushing this way will cause less breakage and will not hurt your dog. So, if you are uncomfortable trimming nails alone, an experienced groomer or vet will gladly help. In either case, having nail trimmers on hand is a smart thing to do. Dogs can get broken and snagged nails just as people do. And in that event, you will need to help trim their nail for them to prevent quicking. Bathing A good moisturizing shampoo is best for preserving natural oils in their fur. These natural oils give their coats their shine. Using a dog conditioner will also help keep the softness. Since Bernedoodles do not shed, it is vital to take them to be groomed every weeks. During this groom, they will get a wash, nail trim, and a haircut at the very least. Think of it as if you were to get your hair cut. Also, when visiting a groomer, never set unrealistic goals on how the cut will look. Bernedoodles with wavy hair cannot have a haircut like a Standard Poodle. Visits to the groomer should start after your puppy has had all its vaccinations. It also allows your puppy to get used to the services it will require all of its life. Waiting too long to get your puppy groomed will stress your dog and make it more challenging to groom. This cross means that they are not full-bred dogs. Generally speaking, Bernedoodles are loyal, easy to train, and have a fun, easy-going character. They have high energy and are great for active lifestyles and kids. The Bernedoodle is known for its smart mind and keen ability to train. Therefore, these dogs are very motivated to make their owners happy; therefore, they are easy to train using simple treats and praise. Bernedoodles have a fantastic memory and will pass with flying colors any training course they are enrolled in. The average lifespan of a Bernedoodle is years. This is a long time for a larger dog that weighs pounds. With proper diet and exercise, these dogs are not uncommon to live much longer. Always choose one that has undergone genetic testing for all breeding pairs when looking for a breeder. This testing will ensure the health and temperament of your pup. Bernedoodles are an excellent pet for any home. They shed minimally, are loyal, family-oriented, and are easily trained. With proper care, you will never notice that stinky dog smell or have horror stories of a matted dog that needs to be shaved down. Do you think that a Bernedoodle is a right breed for you? Hopefully, this article has helped you understand more about Bernedoodles and their grooming needs. So, if you have a puppy and need potty training tips, visit our article here , which covers everything you need to know. In Conclusion Bernedoodles are a great addition to any family. They have excellent learning and training abilities and are great with children and other dogs. With a bit of love and care, these dogs will bond with your family and become protective of your family. Doodle FAQ. Grooming Your Bernedoodle Grooming Your Bernedoodle The Bernedoodle breed, also referred to as a Bernese mountain poo, is the product of a Bernese mountain dog parent and a poodle parent. This hybrid dog breed combines the best characteristics of both types of dog, such as the intelligence and low-shedding coat from its poodle part and the unwavering loyalty and laid-back demeanor of its Bernese mountain dog part. This combination of dog breeds also makes Bernedoodles irresistibly fluffy, with several variations in coat types. Of course, this means grooming your Bernedoodle should be done reglarly. Consider this your ultimate guide on how to properly groom a Bernedoodle , complete with a list of popular Bernedoodle haircuts you can choose to keep your furry family member looking its best. Keep reading to learn more about grooming needs. Except, of course, the fact that they require a substantial amount of grooming. More on that later. Keep in mind that grooming this breed is more than simply keeping its hair clean and trimmed. It also involves nail clipping, regular brushing and keeping its skin moisturized. For some people, the rule of thumb for Bernedoodle baths is whenever their pup starts to smell or becomes visibly dirty. Regular grooming will keep your dog happy and healthy. Bernedoodle Coats and Shedding As previously mentioned, Bernedoodles have different types of coats, and each coat type comes with different attributes. These are the different Bernedoodle coat types and what you can expect from them in regard to grooming. Straight coats are a characteristic of the Bernese mountain dog parent. A wavy-haired Bernedoodle will have a much softer coat compared to straight coats and be more prone to matting. Curly coats wool are a characteristic of a pure poodle parent. However, these coats need regular daily brushing because of their tightly wound curls, the coat type most susceptible to matting. The general consensus for weekly brushing is: Your dog needs a minimum brushing of twice a week to get rid of any dead or loose fur. As long as you commit to it a few times a week, it should be fine. Most Bernedoodle owners stick to two to three times per week, paying close attention to whether their dog needs an extra brushing session or two. You should bathe your Bernedoodle every two to three months and whenever they get into something dirty, like mud puddles. For both straight-haired Bernedoodles and curly-haired Bernedoodles, most groomers recommend you bring them in every four to six weeks for maintenance. However, a puppy is a different story and will likely take more effort on your part to train it to become accustomed to the process. The goal is to make brushing and bathing a positive experience for your Bernedoodle puppy so the process becomes easier each time you do it. To keep from scaring your puppy during bath time, pre-fill the tub or sink with lukewarm water before bringing it into the room. Be very gentle as you soak and wash it, giving more praise during the process. Refrain from scolding if it hesitates or is visibly afraid — this is an important part of their development, and fear can lead to anxiety issues later on. To do this, handle their paws beforehand, one at a time, increasing the amount of time each day. Once puppy vaccinations are complete, you can take them to the groomer. So, fill up the tub with lukewarm water, and be sure to soak it thoroughly before adding the shampoo. Give it a thorough rinse, then follow the same steps with the conditioner. Be sure to speak with your dog groomer first about what they recommend for your specific breed, as well as which services such as conditioning count as an additional option. Many Bernedoodle owners opt for a shorter haircut as it reduces at-home grooming time. You can also alternate Bernedoodle haircuts to try out different styles or get it ready for changing seasons. However, it will require more frequent brushing, especially if your Bernedoodle has curly hair. The Bernedoodle Summer Cut, as expected, is much shorter. The Bernedoodle Poodle Cut imitates the traditional look of a poodle and can become high maintenance, as the hair will be longer on some body parts. This cut works best on curly and wavy hair. The Bernedoodle Lamb Cut is another poodle hairstyle in which the hair is the same length all around with the face, feet and most of the tail shaved. Keep in mind that when you groom a Bernedoodle , it should be a bonding experience. So, learn to do it correctly and make sure you have the proper tools and the time to commit to your pup. Preparing Pups for Grooming The first step in grooming your puppy is preparing them for the grooming process. Your pup needs to be properly desensitized to a variety of stimuli such as running water, blow dryers and having their paws handled. It is important that you introduce your puppy to these experiences early on and in a kind manner so that they only associate these practices with positive experiences. Many puppies are afraid of the sound of running water, so try to have your sink or tub pre-filled prior to bathing your puppy. Be gentle with bathing your puppy and reward positive behavior with lots of love and praise. Do not be rough to your puppy in the bath or scold them for being afraid. Another experience that may be strange to your puppy is brushing. Your puppy will probably be unsure of what to think about having their hair brushed. Having their nails clipped is an unusual experience for all dogs, so it is best to prepare them early. Your Grooming Checklist In between professional grooming sessions, your Bernedoodle will require some maintenance care at home. The biggest one is daily maintenance of their coat. Bernedoodles have a hair coat, which means they are little-to-non shedding, however that can lead to matting of their coat over time if not properly maintained. Brush your Bernedoodle daily with a brush or comb. We love and highly recommend the Greyhound Comb! Your Bernedoodle may need bathing in between grooming appointments, but be careful not to over bathe! Most people think their pooch needs a bath once a week, however, too many baths can lead to dry, itchy and uncomfortable skin. If your puppy does suffer from dry skin especially in the colder months we recommend using a tea tree shampoo to soothe them! Always look for any unusual bumps, cuts or rashes when bathing your dog. First Trip to the Groomer! Once your pup has been fully vaccinated around weeks it is time for their first trip to the groomer! Even if you do not want your pup to receive a full groom at this time, we think it is very important to take your pup to the groomer anyway. Even if it is just for a quick bath and blow-dry, the earlier you can expose them to this practice, the more likely they are to acclimate to it without fear. We suggest taking your pup to the groomer every weeks for a professional bath and blow-dry. It is important to go with photos in mind of what you would like your pooch to look like. If you prefer a longer coat, remember that your upkeep is going to be much greater! Your groomer will be able to suggest to you different clipping options best suited for you and your Bernedoodle. Professional grooming should be done every weeks, with regular at-home maintenance in between. If you are ready to add a Midwest Bernedoodle to your family, please visit our available puppies page for updates on upcoming litters and open reservations. If you have any questions, feel free to check us out on Facebook or shoot us an email. We look forward to helping pair you with your new best friend! This has many benefits such as being a hypoallergenic breed, having a non-shedding coat and other various health advantages. Taking proper care to groom your Bernedoodle well and often is an important facet of dog ownership in regards to this breed. Neglecting to do so can lead to serious health risks and all round lower quality of life for your four legged friend. Why is it so important to groom your Bernedoodle? Not properly grooming your Bernedoodle comes with serious health risks. Since a Bernedoodles fur is non-shedding, they can have various lengths of coats depending on how frequently they are getting haircuts. But all coats are prone to matting. Mats tend to form close to the skin and can cause itchiness, sores, and rashes. This also can trap heat causing your dog to overheat easier in hot temperatures, leading to heat stroke or dehydration. These mats can also become home to parasites like mange that can harm your dogs. The good news is all of this is easily prevented with good grooming habits. Bernedoodles are no different. However grooming helps keep your allergies down as well as keeping your dog healthy and fresh. The main causes of dog allergies come in the form of fur, saliva, and dander. Unkempt coats are going to carry more of all 3 of those things making those of us with allergies that much more sensitive to our favorite furry friends. Nature also tends to use animals with bushier coats to spread things such as seeds, pollen, substrates, and insects. Yet again these can be things that cause your allergies to flare. Grooming is also a bonding experience for you and your dog. Dogs, and by extension Bernedoodles, know who is taking care of them. Regardless of if they seem to appreciate it in the moment. This is an often overlooked part of the chore that can make it rewarding. Spending time with your dog in this way is undoubtedly one of the best activities to have some quality time and strengthen your bond. Bathing and Grooming your Bernedoodle Bernedoodles as a breed tend to enjoy water and that extends to baths. They might get bored and want to relax however, making the job that much more difficult. Bring something to engage the dog and reinforce good behavior, like treats for example. It can also be solved by working quickly and efficiently. A lesser known trick to speeding up bath time is taking a bottle with a spout and filling it with a mixture of hot water and dog shampoo concentrate. Shake well and apply to the dog while they are still dry. Apply to the back, legs, chest, stomach, rear, and head. Then lather into the fur with your hands and rinse thoroughly. This can quicken bath time and prevent boredom. Once your dog is squeaky clean make sure to hand dry with a towel or two, and finish the damp areas with a blow dry on low heat. Some dogs have a higher tolerance for this than others but frequent practice and positive reinforcement at an early age are paramount to conditioning your Bernedoodle to enjoy every part of bath time. Bath frequency can vary depending on your own personnel needs as well as the dog's needs. Brushing a doodle's coat is an important cornerstone of caring for your doodle, and or Bernedoodle. The more often you comb your doodles fur the easier it will be. Less tangles and mats will form with frequent brushing. Coat length is also a factor here and longer coats require more attention. Investing in a solid wire brush and comb is all you need for this portion of grooming. Haircuts are another facet of Bernedoodle care. Since they are a non-shedding breed their fur will continue to grow and grow. Haircuts are important for three main reasons. Second and third are the health concerns. Dogs get hot and more fur on their body will trap more heat. More about bernedoodles:. An eight-week-old puppy will likely not require much grooming, as they will have little hair. However, starting at this young age will help them get used to the process and keep their coat shiny and smooth. Puppies are very impressionable. Your Bernedoodle will be much less likely to react negatively to grooming if you begin as soon as you bring them home. On top of a daily brushing routine, your Bernedoodle will likely need regular professional grooming. Often, this is required to handle their hair growth, as many take after their Poodle parent in this regard. You can start these sessions as soon as your puppy is up-to-date on vaccinations. Usually, most groomers will allow the dog to come in after receiving their rabies vaccination at 12 to 16 weeks. Some owners may decide to wait longer — at least until the puppy has received multiple doses of other vaccinations, like canine distemper. You can speak to your vet about when the best time to start professional grooming sessions is. The earlier you start taking your puppy to a professional, the better adapted to these sessions. These sessions also provide a great deal of socialization, as your dog will be interacting with the groomer and potentially other dogs. We recommend that you start grooming your puppy at home as soon as possible. Grooming a Bernedoodle can be a bit complicated. They are a mixed breed, so their coat is not as standardized as other breeds. They may inherit genes from either of their parents, which will affect their coat. In general, Bernedoodle will need to be brushed two to three times a week. These sessions will help keep their fur sleek and free from tangles. With the right brush, you can often remove much of the dirt and debris during these brushing sessions, which will elongate the time they need between baths. You can start these at-home sessions as soon as you bring your puppy home. They may not need them quite as much as this young age. But starting new will make them more accepting of the brush later. Puppies are very adaptable and will become used to whatever they are around, including grooming. You should also get your puppy used to having their feet handled, as this is important for nail clipping. Do the same with their ears, as they will likely need to be cleaned every few months or so. Most Bernedoodles will need professional grooming and a haircut every two to three months. Many of them do not shed, so this haircut is essential to their overall wellbeing. Otherwise, their coat will keep getting longer. Most groomers will not allow your puppy to be groomed until they have received their rabies vaccination. Usually, this occurs between 16 to 18 weeks. But you can sometimes request it as early as .Some owners prefer to wait until their dog is wholly vaccinated at 16 weeks anyway. Waiting to get their rabies vaccination at this time often makes the most sense. We recommend getting your puppy to a groomer as soon as their vaccinations are complete. The earlier they start going to a groomer, the more comfortable they will be. Should you use grooming clippers to shave your dog down when it gets hot? It depends on their coat type. If your dog has a double coat, it is not recommended to shave them during the summer. A double-coat works by having a soft, insulating layer underneath a waterproof layer. If you shave them, these two layers will be at the same level. The insulating layer will not be protected from the elements, and neither will your dog. While a double-coat may seem thick, it is designed to keep the dog cool during the summer and warm during the winter. A Poodle does not have a double-coat, so they are less able to regulate their body temperature. We recommend trimming Poodle-like coats down in the summer months and then keeping them longer in the winter. For dogs with a Poodle-like coat, you can technically cut it down as much as you want. You could completely shave the dog, and the fur would still grow back fine. However, dogs with double coats should not be shaved down to their undercoat. However, they cannot be shaved down any considerable amount. Be sure to speak to a professional that has experience with these canines. Puppies usually cost less because they are smaller. It takes the groomer less time to groom them, and they can be handled more efficiently. However, you can expect your costs to increase as they age. The size of your dog also plays a significant role, as a larger dog will take longer to groom. Conclusion Bernedoodles should begin at-home grooming sessions as soon as you bring them home. Many breeders start grooming their puppies very early and can let you know their routine. They will not allow your puppy inside until then, as they can potentially catch diseases from the other dogs. And, in many areas, it is illegal for breeders to groom dogs that have not been vaccinated against rabies. Therefore, the odds of them catching an illness are relatively low. Plan to go to a professional groomer when they are around 16 weeks old. Author: Kristin Kristin was born in Tennessee and currently lives there with her husband and children. She is passionate about educating pet parents and helping them make the best possible decisions for their pets. She currently owns one dog, two cats, a lizard, and a variety of fish. Starting out just training her own Border Collies, she gradually expanded to local classes and seminars, now she travels as far as Europe and teaches students all over the world on how to train their dogs in a positive, bonding, game-based way. She is known for her clear, step-by-step training that lets beginners and advanced dog trainers see lasting results very quickly.
english bulldog puppies for sell - There are a variety of reasons to crate train your dog. Use your crate: [25] X Research source To keep your puppy safe when you cannot watch her. To keep your belongings safe when you cannot watch your puppy. When your puppy is home alone. To give your puppy a place to calm down. When traveling. To keep your puppy away from children or other dogs. To aid in house training and other behavioral training. Never use your crate to punish your dog. And once your dog is no longer a puppy and can be trusted not to destroy the house, do not crate your dog when you are away. Save the crate for special times — i. For the most part, your dog should enter her crate voluntarily. The type of crate you use is up to personal preference, though many find that wire crates are the most durable and comfortable long-term solutions for dogs as well as being used at most kennels where you might board your dog. The most important thing is that you get the right size crate. If it is too small, your dog will not be comfortable. If it is too large, it will provide the den-like space dogs crave. Your dog should be able to stand in the crate without hitting her head, to turn around comfortably, and to lie on their side with their paws stretched out. Also buy a divider if purchasing the crate for your puppy. Your dog should enjoy her crate. It should provide a comfortable place for her to relax, so much so that she should choose to spend time there. Make sure to: [28] X Research source Put the crate in a room where you spend lots of time, so your puppy does not feel abandoned. Keep it a comfortable temperature: out of direct sunlight and far from fireplaces and radiators. Place soft bedding inside. Place chew toys inside to give your dog something to do. Cover your wire crate with a towel or crate cover. This will give it more of the den-like feel your dog craves. If you do it well, crate training will be much easier. Throw some new dog toys in, too. Let your dog explore the crate on her own. Let her go at her own speed. Every hour or so put more treats in the crate when your dog is not looking. Be sure to subtract all these treats from their daily food allowance. Also start feeding your dog in the crate. At first, put the bowl just inside so they only have to poke their head in. After 2 or 3 successful feedings, move it to the middle, then all the way back. Show your dog a treat and toss it in the crate. Move away and wait for her to leave the crate. Always use your cue words. Repeat the whole ritual several times a day until your dog is happily entering the crate to fetch treats. After tossing a treat in once or twice to warm your dog up, use your command word without a treat. If she enters, praise profusely and give a treat or two. Also praise her when she leaves. Repeat this training several times a day for two or three days, until your dog is entering and leaving the crate on command. If your golden puppy struggles with this step, go back to the previous one. Ask your puppy to enter the crate and sit. Slowly close the door. If you have to bang it shut before your dog escapes, then she is not ready for this step. When the door is closed, praise and give treats, then open the door and let her leave. Gradually lengthen the time they must sit in the crate before you let them out. Do sessions of training where they wait ten seconds, then 30, 45, and a minute. When your dog can comfortably stay in the crate for a minute, you will want to start moving away while she is in the crate. In the first session, move only a few feet away before you come back. Move to different areas of the room and keep looking at your dog. Next, try training sessions where you move around the room without paying attention to your puppy. Add moments when you step out of the room briefly and return. Finally, leave the room. At first, stay out for only five minutes. Gradually increase the time you are gone to 30 minutes. Go back to the previous step or reduce the time you are leaving her. Always remove your puppies leash and collar before putting her in the crate, as they are choking hazards. For a puppy, these will need to be shorter trips, as a puppy cannot be expected to go more than 3 hours or so without urinating. She needs to be able to get up and stretch her legs. Vary the time you put your dog in the crate. Sometimes do it ten minutes before you go. Sometimes five. Sometimes right before you head out the door. Praise your dog for entering her crate, then go. Now that your puppy is comfortable in her crate, she can sleep there overnight, but be sure you can hear her. Puppies often need to pee in the middle of the night. We are overjoyed for you! Golden Retrievers are one of the most friendly and loving breeds…and lucky for you, one of the easiest to train. Golden Retrievers require a great deal of mental stimulation to avoid going about on their own or becoming frustrated. Their love for food is infinite. Prerequisites for training my Golden Retriever puppy? What age can I start to train my Golden Retriever puppy? Sounds like a good deal! We can only hope. What do I need to train my Golden Retriever? Say bye to that sticky, meaty feeling in your fingertips. A piece of non-slip vet bed or a soft mat: For a cosy bed, warm nights, and good dreams. Treats: The more smelly, the better. Two identical toys : Great for swaps! The name says it all…your Golden Retriever puppy will love retrieving, so identical toys will be great for all the games we have in store for you in the Zigzag Puppy training app. Of course, Golden Retrievers grow to be big dogs. How much exercise does a Golden Retriever need? A golden retriever needs 2 hours of exercise a day. What age is a Golden Retriever fully grown? Golden Retrievers reach adulthood at 3 years of age and are seniors by 8 years old. Though their height has been reached, their weight will still fill out and they will continue to mentally mature. What are Golden Retrievers bred for? Distinctly British, the 1st Baron of Tweedmouth developed the breed crossing his golden coloured retrieving dog Nous with a Tweed Water Spaniel — these look similar to Irish Water Spaniels. The cross resulted in a dog that was comfortable being on land and water kind of like crocodiles , and robust enough to hunt goose, partridge and even deer. Do Golden Retrievers make good family pets? In fact, Golden Retrievers are one of the most loved dog breeds in the UK. The Kennel Club has a lot more good information and info about them. What does this have to do with how I train my Golden Retriever puppy? But there is a logic as to why knowing the context might help you train your Golden Retriever better: Golden Retrievers love to work. Commonly employed as Guide Dogs, they love having a job to do, which means they will adore training. Anyhow, they will be a breeze to train. They will also do almost anything for your soft words and approval — your praise will work just as well as treats. Because they are so gentle, they are a great fit for families with a variety of lifestyles and ages. They need a good amount of exercise; mental as well as physical. Let us rephrase — a hefty amount of exercise. Besides you and food, being in water is what they love the most! They have a very strong sense of smell, so retrieving or scent work games tend to be the biggest treat for most. Golden Retrievers are the social butterflies of dogs. They love most people, and are not discreet in showing it. You know how us Brits can be about politeness. That being said, make sure you also teach them the wonders of giving things up. It can lead to great things! But it can also be less helpful when they give you a love bite on your arm — give them a toy to carry instead. Shift to some play, and revisit training later — we want training to be associated with fun, and not something they begin to dread. This breed has a reputation for being friendly, intelligent, eager, and fiercely loyal, making them the perfect family dog! Goldens are quick learners, eager to please, and are one of the easiest breeds to train. Although training may be relatively easy compared to some other breeds of dog, it will still take time and patience on your part. So, how long does it take to train a golden retriever puppy? It takes months to fully train a Golden Retriever puppy, based on their stages of growth and maturity. At weeks you can begin training your Golden to socialize, not bite, and relieve himself outside. This article may contain affiliate links and loyalgoldens may earn a commission if a purchase is made. Unlock your goldens natural intelligence and see just how quickly problem behaviors disappear. This is the best at home dog training I've ever used! It takes time to train a Golden Retriever puppy, and it helps to build momentum when you start from a young age. Early dog training helps build trust between you and the puppy and makes the whole process much more efficient. Golden Retriever training is broken down into different stages based on their age and emotional maturity level. Let your dog interact with people of all sizes, ages, colors, costumes, other dogs, infrastructure, grooming styles, situations, etc. The more variety, the better! It also helps to take your Golden Retriever to puppy classes that use positive reinforcement training methods. Of course, being social goes hand-in-hand with proper leash training. At this stage you will also want to teach your pup the basics of walking on a leash. In the first few weeks this amounts to getting used to wearing a collar or harness and having a leash attached. As your puppy gets older you will want to work more on leash etiquette, such as not pulling on the lead, and walking politely without jumping. Sadly, poor house training is ranked as one of the main reasons pet owners surrender their dogs at shelters. Fortunately, with a bit of knowledge and patience, you can save yourself from the pain of scrubbing stains from your seats and carpet. In general, it will take approximately two months on average to fully potty train a new Golden Retriever puppy. Here is a video to help with potty training your Golden Retriever. There are several ways to go about it, and you can choose the potty training method that works best for you. As a new pet owner, it might be frustrating because it hurts your hands or ruins your clothing. But puppy biting is healthy and aids in learning and development. The key here is not to get your Golden Retriever puppy to stop biting. What you want to teach them is to learn to bite appropriate things, like a chew toy. To be able to receive love through kisses is the ultimate dream of every pet owner, right? The ease of training dogs varies across different breeds and the age at which they are adopted. Retrievers are typically released two months after birth and ready for training. Golden Retriever puppies are easy to train because of their high social intelligence, loyalty, and desire to please; they can understand commands and positive consequences in the first few weeks. However, if you do not teach them early on, you may need to work harder to get them to unlearn bad habits. We must remember that Golden Retrievers are acclimatized to working with people and are definitely people pleasers. They were bred as hunting dogs to retrieve shot-down waterfowl and are still used today as gundogs by sportspersons to retrieve game birds. They are also used as service, therapy, and search and rescue dogs. While training a Golden Retriever is easy, you have to start early. If the dog misses the early portion of the training, the later stages draw out perpetually. By now, you know the dangers of being too late in training your dog. But what if you are too early for the party? Not if you go by the standard release time. The average breeder releases a Golden Retriever at 8 weeks old. You should train your Golden Retriever at two months old because, by that stage, he has grown enough to take cues and is sufficiently self-reliant not to need his mother to survive. He will have already learned canine behaviors by interacting with his mother and littermates, but now he can continue to learn by association. Initial training should be kept light. As mentioned in the table, it is simply a period where you establish your authority as the source of commands and rewards. You can even go 2 weeks without giving any proper training to your freshly-released pup without impacting his progression. However, the 8 to week period from release to assimilation is important. A traumatic experience can have a negative and counter-productive effect during this period. Read further if you: Have a Golden Retriever older than seven weeks or plan to get a puppy Want an approximate schedule for training your pup Wish to train a dog using positive reinforcement and ethical training methods Want to commit to 1. At this point, you have to train your puppy to see you as an authority figure. Moreover, the puppy can only form the most obvious associations between command, response, and consequence, so it is crucial to adapt your training strategy accordingly. For example, you can start clapping if your pup runs toward you. Once he realizes that clapping and running toward you are linked, you can clap, and he will run toward you. For now, notice the following and set distinct anchors for each. Each anchor has to be hard to confuse with every other anchor. Clapping, for instance, is an anchor that can be confused with snapping your fingers. But it is hard to confuse clapping with whistling. This melts a lot of the resistance as you train your pup to understand and respond to more complex commands. Therefore, the first step should be encouraging your Golden Retriever to follow you. As you may know, dogs evolved from wolves, and wolves follow the pack leader usually a parent. Delaying gratification is easier for grown dogs. Young puppies get tired too quickly and spend most of their time sleeping. So if your puppy follows you, reward him with affection, hugs, and appreciation. You need to build a positive reinforcement loop and let your dog establish a connection between following you and receiving a pleasant experience. When your puppy knows that following you results in rewards, you can make the act of following you slightly more challenging. Things you can do may include sharp turns and sudden changes of pace. Lower Socializing Barriers Golden Retrievers are the definition of social beings. Still, their appearance and the love they receive can keep them from becoming completely asocial. But why make socialization difficult when you can facilitate it early in their lives? Visiting friends and family is one way to go about it. You can also spot a dog park and carry him there. Remember that your pup is still learning to follow directions and walk with you. You cannot expect him to cover long distances. Golden Retrievers are bundles of energy, and it would take living in a castle for one to become agoraphobic. Seeing the outdoors as soon as they are ready to take block-long walks is healthier for their social development. Start Potty Training You might wonder how long you have to wait before your Golden Retriever puppy is ready for potty training. Quite simply, your Retriever is ready for potty training the day you bring him home. Cordoning it off and adding a small fence can help him identify it more easily. Next, you need a potty training schedule, such as first thing in the morning, after mealtimes and play, and hourly for young pups. Moreover, many owners use dog crates to help with house training and I highly recommend you do this too. The earlier you discipline your Golden Retriever , the less harsh you need to be with him as he grows up. Biting is one of the behaviors that incur severe penalties for dogs. Golden Retrievers, fortunately, develop a soft mouth and are less likely to administer harsh bites. Still, nibbling must be discouraged so that kids, other pets, and your friends can be safe around your puppy. If you have ever given silent treatment to your spouse, you know it takes intelligence to know that you are in a timeout. So a timeout for a 2-month-old Retriever might not be the right punishment because he might not understand why he is in one. Often, an untrained Retriever puppy might snatch at a treat. After that, you can withhold the second treat and close off your body language. Follow up using positive reinforcement by rewarding the correct behavior with a treat. Your Golden Retriever will quickly learn that displaying good behavior reaps nice things. Puppies need to learn their bite inhibition soft-mouth by continuing the excellent work their mother and siblings taught them. Learn Bite Inhibition Training! Teach Patience You must use your best judgment when training your dog to be patient. Generally speaking, your Golden Retriever will be mature enough to learn self-control by the tenth week. How to Train a 3-Month-Old Golden Retriever Puppy Once you have established your authority and set initial anchors, it is time to progress the training of your Golden Retriever puppy to the next stage. Four weeks of light training is sufficient for setting anchors and establishing associations. That makes the 3-month mark ideal for slightly more complex commands. You can use a clicker or a whistle to teach your puppy to assume the natural heel position. He will regress to walk behind you. He already knows how to sit and stand, and you have to use the same method you used for the heel position and command to teach your Retriever how to sit or stand on command. The method is simple. The same applies to other position commands. Since your Retriever can tell words apart, he can go into different positions based on the words you say. The anchoring process involves saying something or making a specific sound while your dog is busy holding a certain position or acting a certain way. Now is the time to start saying the words you have associated with his actions in order to inspire said actions. Where you previously whistled when your Retriever ran towards you, now you must whistle so he begins his run. This is the start of his Golden Retriever recall training. It is possible that your Retriever does not respond to the commands. There will be back and forth where you will keep saying words while the dog organically acts. After a few attempts at reinforcing the commands, you can test the triggers again. So avoid forcing your dog to be perfect on the first few attempts. This helps him be social and get close to them. He must learn to be safe and social around strangers too. After all, he has to go on walks without picking fights with people, no matter how friendly Golden Retrievers are known to be. Slowly exposing him to crowds can improve his social tolerance. The less quick he is to bark at strangers, the kinder they will be to him. This triggers a positive feedback loop where he is adored for being social, which encourages him to be more social. Updated: March 2nd, This article contains affiliate links. Read the full disclosure here. So which is best? What is the right age to start training a Golden Retriever puppy? This advice traditionally came from the trainers of working dogs who quite rightly felt it best to leave a puppy to be a puppy, let it grow some and become stronger before starting formal training. It was very physical with the use of corrections and physical punishments and aversives very common. The accepted idea was that it was cruel to be so physical with a very young puppy and so training was delayed until 6 months old or so. But there are so many gentle, positive reward based training methods today that physical corrections and aversives are almost completely unnecessary. So waiting for 6 months to start training is no longer essential. From the moment you get your puppy, they will be watching and learning from you. And much, much more besides. A puppy at 8 weeks knows nothing of life and learns everything from you at an amazing pace, all day every day. So you are training your 8 week old puppy whether you think you are or not. Why not start a little basic obedience or trick training as well? For a variety of reasons, the best age to start training your Golden puppy is as soon as you get them at 8 weeks of age. Puppies soak up knowledge and skills like sponges in their first few months, why not take advantage to teach essential life skills as soon as possible? If you wish to take your puppy everywhere you go, friends and shop owners will want you to have a modicum of control over your puppy while in their premises. Behaviors are being developed all the time in your puppy so you should try to influence good ones and prevent bad ones. Training is quality time you and your pup spend together, forming a bond and strengthening your relationship which is good for everyone involved. Modern training techniques like clicker training and shaping are very positive and fun ways to train that will cause no stress to your puppy and can achieve great results. But if they live indoors with you and your family, are taken through town and into other peoples buildings, then you will definitely want to be able to keep them under control. So starting training early is pretty much essential and will be a massive help to you. Keep training sessions very short, just 2 or 3 minutes long a few times per day. Their attention spans will be incredibly short and you do not want them getting bored and starting to dislike training. Only train simple commands and try to set them up to win and do things correctly. Frequent failure will cause your puppy to start dreading training instead of enjoying it. So keep it simple. In real time, you get to see what you should be teaching your puppy as they grow through all the ages and stages from an 8-week old pup to a well-behaved, good-mannered, obedience trained and confident adult dog. The course is an opportunity to see a professional dog trainer raising a puppy on video, with every single step, every milestone and problem encountered — and solved — along the way, filmed for you to follow along with. Check it out! You should start crate training, house-breaking, bite-inhibition and socialization from the moment you get them home. But Golden Retrievers are such intelligent dogs that they can learn a whole variety of simple commands and tricks while still very young. You can teach your puppy: Sit.
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english bulldog puppies for sell - The most common Labradoodle colors are black, cream and gold. Black Labradoodles are common finding generally one per litter. These Labradoodles represent the base price for a dog within this breed. The color of a cream Labradoodle can vary between different shades with some having red tinges through their coat. Although the color cream may vary the whole coat should be one consistent color. Apricot Labradoodles are often born with lighter colored coats that darken over time while others that are born apricot in color develop to have a light cream coat. The entire strand of fur on a golden Labradoodle should be the same color. Golden Labradoodles often fade as they grow. These dogs are neither common or rare. These Labradoodles should hold their color until adulthood. The chocolate colored Labradoodles tend to be a popular choice. Their coloring should be even. Chocolate Labradoodles often appear almost black at birth. A parchment should not have other colors mixed into the fur. Large blotches of any color on white make for an acceptable Parti colored Labradoodle. The hardest to breed and come by is the red Labradoodle. Any combination of two colors is acceptable as long as they have the distinctive markings. A black and gold phantom is among the most common. These dogs are on the rarer spectrum. These Dogs are on the rarer spectrum. While gold is a common color, the birth of a Labradoodle with a deep red coloring is as rare as they come. A red Poodle is unusual making a red Labradoodle even harder to come by. The roots of a red Labradoodle should match the tips. Red Labradoodles are hard to breed and even harder to come by. Red Labradoodle Puppy and Adult The range of Labradoodle coat colors is extensive although no matter which puppy you pick, Labradoodles make loving life long friends. Related posts:. One of the unique features of Australian Labradoodles is the wide variety of coat colors and patterns. While Labradoodle colours are interesting, we maintain that you are buying a living creature and not a coat colour. It is essential to retain the appearance of an Australian Labradoodle within the breed standard, but we feel charging for colour is not a fair practice. Van Isle Doodles looks for families whose focus is on adding a labradoodle puppy as a family member to their home. Depending on the intensity of the pigment, a red dog may appear to be a deep red color all the way to a light brown color. Cream Cream labradoodles range from almost white through to latte depending on the intensity of the pigment. This is our Bruno Mars who is a light cream color with black leathers. Black Black Labradoodles range from jet black to silver. This is Cinder Ella an example of a jet black Labradoodle. Chocolate Chocolate Australian Labradoodles range from a milk chocolate color when pigment is diluted to deep, dark chocolate when pigment is intensified. Oceana middle is a dark chocolate Labradoodle with brown leathers. Caramel Caramel ranges from a creamy color to a darker red. The brown leathers make the dog caramel rather than red. Here are some examples of our caramel dogs. Parti Labradoodless can come in any color. This is our caramel and white parti girl, Bernadette. Phantom A phantom is a solid color with tan points. The markings are similar to those found on Yorkies, Rottweilers and Dobermans. Tan points for the phantom pattern are pips above the eyes, along the side of the jaw, a band across the chest, run halfway up all four legs, on the vent and sometimes on the underside of the tail. Phantoms may be either black Labradoodles or Chocolate Labradoodles. Dexter is a chocolate phantom Labradoodle. Tri A tri colored Labradoodle is a phantom plus white. A tri Labradoodle may be black or chocolate. This is Tawnee who is a black tri. Sable A sable Labradoodle has each single hair in their coat banded by color. Each strand of hair has two colors. The tip of the strand will be either black or brown and the color at the root may be red, tan or apricot. Because the top inch or so of the strands of hair are either black or chocolate, at birth a sable Labradoodle will appear to be a black or chocolate dog. Once the strands start to grow out, the change color becomes visible. The amount of time it takes to see the second color varies from birth through to about six weeks of age. Since Labradoodles do not shed, at least as little as any dog is capable of not shedding, they do not generally grow new strands of hair. Once a sable Labradoodle has been groomed, the dark chocolate or black tips are lost and the dog then becomes red or tan in color. This is Ripple our chocolate sable parti girl. Brindle Labradoodles are not common. This puppy is a brindle Labradoodle. If you look at his feet, you will notice the stiped pattern of his color. Van Isle Labradoodles. But there is some logic here! Cream Labradoodle Genetics With so much variety in the cream coat color spectrum, you may be surprised to learn a single color pigment is driving all of them. This pigment is called phaeomelanin. It controls the red spectrum of coat colors. It is yellow or gold. Phaeomelanin is running the show in determining whether a Labradoodle will grow up to have a cream coat. But there are lots of other genes working behind the scenes to influence how creamy that coat will look. Phaeomelanin is a form of pigment, or melanin. Melanocytes have the job of adding phaeomelanin to each hair as it grows out. Sometimes they may add in a bit more color pigment at first and slack off later. This is why some but not all cream Labradoodle dogs will grow up to have adult coats that are darker at the hair tips than they are at the hair roots. This Causes the Variations This is one way — but not the only way — that a cream Labradoodle can grow up to have a darker cream or a lighter cream coat. These are the hair follicle cells responsible for giving this Labradoodle their lovely coat color. But what is telling each melanocyte how much of which pigment to add to each developing coat hair? A collection of genes is called a genotype. How those genes appear or show up is called their phenotype. So a cream Labradoodle has the genes for a cream coat phenotype. When it comes to coat color, eumelanin black is dominant and phaeomelanin red is recessive. When a gene is dominant, a puppy only needs to get that gene from one parent dog to have it show up express. But when a gene is recessive, the puppy needs to get that gene from both parent dogs to express it. Now you are probably starting to see why breeders can spend a lifetime studying the genome just for their own breeding dogs. This is especially the case when you consider that a Labradoodle is a breed that is still rather early in their evolution. F1, F2 and Beyond! In early stage F1, F1b breeding programs, the breeder may be working with the coat color genotypes of two completely different purebred dog breeds. This gets more complicated still when you consider that both parent dogs must contribute the cream coat genotype in order for a puppy to inherit the cream coat. In other words, only two true cream Labradoodle parent dogs will be able to breed cream Labradoodle puppies. Eumelanin is responsible for black and the various shades in that color spectrum. Nose color: Depending on the breed association you consult with, a true cream Labradoodle will have either a black, brown, or rose pinkish nose. Eye color: Cream Labradoodles will usually have dark brown eyes. Skin color: Cream spectrum Labradoodles will have black eye rims and lips. Nail color: Generally, this color Labradoodle will have black nails. Labradoodles are large dogs that will generally fall somewhere between the sizes of their two parents. While color genes are the primary driver when a Labradoodle puppy inherits a cream coat, there can be other factors at work as well. Diet, exposure to ultraviolet light, type of shampoo, overall health. This is why cream Labradoodles can be quite rare. Not only do they need a very specific set of genes, but they also may change color as they grow older. If coat color is really important to you, rescuing an older cream doodle might be a better route. Cream Labradoodle Temperament Just like their coat color, Labradoodles will inherit temperament traits from their parent breeds. In general, you can expect your creamy doodle to be friendly, intelligent, energetic, and eager to please. These mix breeds need plenty of energy too, no matter what their color. Cream Labradoodle Health Labradoodles are a very new breed, so predicting health concerns that could affect them is still quite tricky. Also, learn more about the health issues that can affect the two parent breeds — Labs and Poodles. Mixed dogs can inherit health problems from their parents, so can be at risk of the same problems. Only ever choose reputable breeders that health test their dogs. This will minimise the risk of your puppy growing up with heritable health problems. Finding a Cream Labradoodle Puppy Cream puppies can be quite hard to find, as this color is recessive. So, puppies need to inherit the right genes from both parents. And, as we learnt earlier, breeders can label the same shade in different ways. To some, a puppy might be off-white, but to others, it could be light caramel. This can make your search harder. But, no matter how you go about it, make sure to only choose reputable breeders that look after their animals and health test. Never choose puppies from puppy mills or pet stores. If color means this much to you, you might want to consider choosing a rescue Labradoodle, whose color will be more stable. Are you caring for a cream Labradoodle or hoping to add this beautiful dog to your family? Share your thoughts with us in the comments! References and Resources Lewis, L.